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EDLH
Hamm, Germany
Runway 24
Elevation187 ft asl
Weight1,012 kg
Fuel145 kg
Wind258° · 7 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

93.52 %
EDLB
Lüdinghausen, Germany
Runway 25
Elevation157 ft asl
Weight1,002 kg
Fuel135 kg
Wind275° · 6 kn · 2 kn cross
21 Aug 2026 0:13 22 nm Piper PA-24 Comanche 10 kg
Departure Score
87.50 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
93.07 %

What went well

Touchdown 15 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 0.65 m off the centreline, no bounce
Flare on profile — 100 %

What held you back

Departure Climb 3 — gear not retracted; Landing gear up at 0 ft agl at 0 %, −2.50 points
Arrival Approach — 500 ft gate 86 %, −1.19 points
Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, g force 0.01 to 0.98 g at 53 %, −0.83 points

Next time

Departure

Raise the gear promptly once a positive climb is confirmed, aiming to be up by the gate.

What happened: Gear retraction was left until well after the normal gate at 0 ft agl.

Watch for: Watch gear position against the retraction height gate, not 0 ft agl.

See Departure Climb 3

Arrival

Pick a point at the far end of the runway and make small rudder corrections to track the centreline.

What happened: The aircraft drifted off the centreline on approach.

Watch for: Runway alignment against the centreline.

See Arrival Approach

When Vr arrives, an abrupt near-full-scale pull, pitch overshoots, a push, and an oscillation through the first 200 ft. It feels like “this aircraft is twitchy” but the actual fault happened before liftoff. The pitch trace needs to show a clean ramp during liftoff.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 13 stages, 11 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield, Average speed was 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 5 kt0 kt min to max 18 kt 0 18 kt
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °3.9 ° min to max 4.2 ° 4.2 4.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Info Average g force 0.97 g0.91 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.91 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 7 kt
Departure Roll 90.10Departure roll runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield. Takeoff distance 335 m 53 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 71 kt. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 7 kt at 258 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 6 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 335 m53 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 71 ktTarget 70 kt
99 % Runway alignment max 3.31 m left3.31 m left to 0.00 m left 0.75 3.31 m
53 % Average g force 0.41 g0.01 g min to max 0.98 g 0.98 0.92 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °3.4 ° min to max 4.1 ° 3.8 3.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 0.0 2.8 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Departure Climb 1 98.92Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Heading variation -1.0 °-1.4 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.6 -1.4 °
100 % Average speed 80 kt71 kt min to max 85 kt 71 85 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.8 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.95 g0.88 g min to max 1.01 g 0.88 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 467 fpm227 fpm min to max 738 fpm 227 738 fpm
Info Average altitude 11 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 32 ft agl 1 32 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.1 °3.5 ° min to max 8.8 ° 3.6 8.8 °
Departure Climb 2 90.98Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
83 % Heading variation -1.9 °-3.4 ° min to max -1.4 ° -1.4 -3.0 °
100 % Average speed 83 kt77 kt min to max 85 kt 85 82 kt
81 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 11.7 ° 0.4 3.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.93 g0.82 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 0.89 g
Info Average VSI 989 fpm750 fpm min to max 1,294 fpm 750 831 fpm
Info Average altitude 104 ft agl33 ft agl min to max 382 ft agl 33 382 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.0 °8.2 ° min to max 11.7 ° 8.9 8.2 °
Departure Climb 3 70.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 83 kt81 kt min to max 85 ktTarget 87 kt, 4 kt slow 82 82 kt
100 % Average bank angle 8.4 °1.8 ° min to max 14.4 ° 2.5 14.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.90 g0.85 g min to max 0.93 g 0.90 0.90 g
0 % Landing gear up at 0 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -2.0 °-2.8 ° min to max -0.4 ° -2.8 -0.4 °
Info Average VSI 914 fpm806 fpm min to max 1,007 fpm 806 904 fpm
Info Average altitude 485 ft agl397 ft agl min to max 579 ft agl 397 579 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.7 °8.1 ° min to max 9.1 ° 8.1 8.7 °

Events

Fail Gear Not Retracted
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Hamm (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Climbing from 905 ft asl to 2,330 ft asl, an increase of 1,425 ft in 3 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 101 kt81 kt min to max 111 kt 83 109 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.7 °0.0 ° min to max 15.9 ° 13.0 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 0.90 g0.79 g min to max 1.08 g 0.92 0.90 g
Info Average VSI 498 fpm-12 fpm min to max 1,239 fpm 860 513 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,744 ft asl905 ft asl min to max 2,330 ft asl 905 2,330 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °0.9 ° min to max 10.2 ° 8.4 2.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles north east of Werne (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±617 ft of 2,634 ft asl2,337 ft asl min to max 2,754 ft asl 2,337 2,754 ft asl
100 % Average speed 117 kt109 kt min to max 121 kt 110 119 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.1 °0.0 ° min to max 15.6 ° 1.5 2.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.91 g0.80 g min to max 1.04 g 0.87 0.93 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-0.2 ° min to max 2.5 ° 2.5 0.0 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles north of Nordkirchen (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Descent from 2,765 ft asl to 1,054 ft asl, a decrease of 1,711 ft in 3 minutes and covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 117 kt111 kt min to max 125 kt 117 117 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.5 °0.1 ° min to max 17.5 ° 0.4 3.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.91 g0.83 g min to max 1.10 g 0.92 0.88 g
Info Average VSI -579 fpm-994 fpm min to max 117 fpm 117 -699 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,835 ft asl1,054 ft asl min to max 2,765 ft asl 2,765 1,054 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.7 °-4.4 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 -3.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Approach 85.71Final approach to runway 25 at EDLB Borkenberge Airfield. Descent from 948 ft agl to 126 ft agl in 160 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
0 % On centrelinefailed
100 % On speedpassed
100 % Wings levelpassed

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 506 ft agl · 94 kt
Arrival Landing 93.67Landing on runway 25 at EDLB Borkenberge Airfield, runway length 598 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 57 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
75 % Threshold speed was a little below target at 57 kt. Target 70 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 32 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.64 m left0.64 m left to 0.45 m left 0.45 0.64 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g1.00 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 1.00 g
Info Average speed 56 kt56 kt min to max 57 kt 57 56 kt
Info Average VSI -159 fpm-163 fpm min to max -156 fpm -156 -163 fpm
Info Average altitude 1 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 2 ft agl 2 1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °3.6 ° min to max 3.8 ° 3.8 3.6 °
05.541117222807.9316243240Runway Distance mLanding Height ft05.5411172228-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-10123456789Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 96.36Touchdown distance was good at 14 m. Touchdown speed at 56 kt was good. Touchdown rate was good at -152 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 20 °C. Wind 7 kt at 275 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
88 % Touchdown rate was -152 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 15 mTarget 352 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 56 ktTarget below 68 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 0.76 m left0.71 m left 0.64 0.65 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.1 °
76 % Average g force 0.81 g0.33 g min to max 1.04 g 1.02 0.33 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 56 kt56 kt min to max 57 kt 56 56 kt
Info Average pitch angle 4.0 °3.5 ° min to max 5.0 ° 3.6 5.0 °
Arrival Rollout 96.52Total landing distance 252 m, 42 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 252 m42 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 2.67 m right1.69 m left to 2.67 m right 0.65 0.45 m
65 % Average g force 0.43 g0.37 g min to max 0.74 g 0.39 0.74 g
Info Average speed 53 kt33 kt min to max 58 kt 58 33 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °1.2 ° min to max 5.2 ° 5.1 2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.1 0.2 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 13 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 18 kt7 kt min to max 27 kt 27 7 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °2.2 ° min to max 2.4 ° 2.2 2.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.0 °
Info Average g force 0.91 g0.85 g min to max 0.96 g 0.85 0.96 g

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll335 m · 53 %
100.00Liftoff speed71 kt · target 70, 1 fast
99.04Runway alignment3.31 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
98.92Rate of climb467 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height1 ft
74.67Threshold speed57 kt · target 70, 13 slow
100.00Centreline offset0.64 m L
Flare 100.00Perfect landing flare

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.

Seven checks, one gate500 ft 85.716 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

At the 500 ft gate: centreline 6.3° off, against a 1° limit.

The approach, gate by gate

Gate Height Centreline Speed
3.0 nm 612 ft 6.29° L +32 kt
2.0 nm 560 ft 6.33° L +17 kt
1.5 nm 548 ft 6.25° L +15 kt
1.0 nm 540 ft 3.67° L +7 kt
0.5 nm 301 ft 0.55° R +6 kt
THR 2 ft 1.37 m L −13 kt

Touchdown on EDLB 25

Past threshold100.00
15m
Centreline100.00
0.65m L
Speed100.00
55kttarget 68 or less
Touchdown rate87.82
-152fpm
Impact76.00
1.04G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 598 m of the approach.

1 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 1 ft, down at 15 m

Plan view — the full 598 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

500 THRESHOLD CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 387 M 15 m past threshold CLEARED

The 15 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 229 m of 598 m · 38 %
Rollout distance100.00
214m38 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
2.67m R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Piper PA-24 Comanche taxied to runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen and commenced its take-off roll. The aircraft used 338 m of runway, representing 54 % of the available length, and lifted off at 71 kt. Ambient conditions were 21 °C with a wind of 7 kt from 258°, including a 2 kt cross-wind component and a 6 kt head-wind component.

After liftoff the aircraft entered the climb phase overhead Hamm, climbing from 905 ft asl to 2,330 ft asl - a gain of 1,425 ft - in 3 minutes while covering 5 nm.

The level cruise began approximately 3 mi north-east of Werne and was maintained for 3 minutes, during which the airplane progressed 6 nm.

Descent commenced 2 mi north of Nordkirchen, with the aircraft descending from 2,765 ft asl to 1,054 ft asl - a loss of 1,711 ft - in 3 minutes while covering another 6 nm.

For the final approach the aircraft was aligned with runway 25 at EDLB Borkenberge, approaching from the east on a heading of 262.0° at 4 nm and 886 ft agl.

Landing was executed on runway 25, whose length is 607 m. The threshold speed was slightly below the target at 57 kt, and touchdown occurred 21 m down the runway at 56 kt with a vertical speed of minus 163 fpm. The touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather at the destination was 20 °C with a wind of 7 kt from 275°, a 2 kt cross-wind and a 7 kt head-wind. Total landing distance measured 261 m, equivalent to 43 % of the runway.

The rollout continued with very good alignment, completing the landing roll within the measured distance.

In total the flight covered 21 nm, required 13 minutes of elapsed time, and consumed 10 kg of fuel.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield in the Piper PA-24 Comanche
87.5 %
90.1 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield. Takeoff distance 335 m 53 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 71 kt. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 7 kt at 258 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 6 kt.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 335 m using 53.3 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 71 kn - Target 70 kn
Alignment
99.04 %
3.31 m left to 0.00 m left
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
0 %
Switched On
G
52.91 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
80 45 10
Bank °
Info
3 1.5 0
Pitch °
Info
5 4 3
0250500-10-50510 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
98.92 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
Alignment
95.67 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 80 70
Bank °
100 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 6 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
800 350 -100
90.98 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
Alignment
83 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 80 70
Bank °
80.91 %
12 6 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
12 10 8
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,300 950 600
70 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
Alignment
0 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 85 80
Bank °
100 %
15 8 1
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
10 9 8
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,100 900 700
02505000714212835 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250100200300400500600 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.25-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 25 at EDLB Borkenberge Airfield in the Piper PA-24 Comanche
Landing Score 95.52 %
Landing Summary

The Piper PA-24 Comanche entered the final approach to runway 25 at EDLB Borkenberge Airfield from the east on a heading of 262.0° at 4 nm and 886 ft agl; the approach was assessed as unstable at the 1 000 ft gate because flaps were not set, the aircraft was off the glideslope and off the centreline.

During the threshold and flare segment the aircraft established a threshold speed a little below target at 57 kt and benefited from a good threshold height; ambient temperature was 20 °C with wind 7 kt from 275°, including a 2 kt crosswind component and a 7 kt headwind.

Touchdown occurred 21 m down the runway at a speed of 56 kt, both described as good, with a touchdown rate of minus 163 fpm also rated good. Runway touchdown alignment was very good and the total landing distance measured 261 m, representing 43 % of the 607 m runway.

Rollout alignment was very good, completing the landing sequence without further deviation.

To improve the already high score, ensure flaps are selected and the glideslope and centreline are maintained for a stabilised approach, and aim to meet the target threshold speed rather than a slightly lower value.

85.71 %
Approach
Final approach to runway 25 at EDLB Borkenberge Airfield. Descent from 948 ft agl to 126 ft agl in 160 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
Glideslope °
4 3 2
IAS kt
117 84 50
Alignment
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
9 4.5 0
G
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
139 -431 -1,000
00.250.50.7511.251.51.7522.252.52.7533.253.53.75401002003004005006007008009001,0001,1001,2001,3001,4001,500 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.7511.251.51.7522.252.52.7533.253.53.754-950-713-475-2380238475713950 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
93.67 %
Landing
Landing on runway 25 at EDLB Borkenberge Airfield, runway length 598 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 57 kt.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
74.67 %
Threshold speed was a little below target at 57 kt. Target 70 kt
Flare
100 %
Perfect landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
1 0.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
57 54 50
Pitch °
Info
4 3.5 3
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-156 -178 -200
05.541117222807.9316243240 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
05.5411172228-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-10123456789 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
96.36 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 14 m. Touchdown speed at 56 kt was good. Touchdown rate was good at -152 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 20 °C. Wind 7 kt at 275 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
Touchdown
87.82 %
Touchdown rate was good at -152 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 56 kt was good. Target below 68 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 14 m.
Alignment
100 %
Runway touchdown alignment was perfect.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.2 °
G
76 %
G 0.81 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
96.52 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 252 m, 42 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 252 m using 42.22 % of runway
Alignment
100 %
Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
G
65.22 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
56 38 20
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
6 3.5 1
0200 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
Metrics
Metrics

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