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EDLH
Hamm, Germany
Runway 24
Elevation187 ft asl
Weight1,046 kg
Fuel71 kg
Wind232° · 11 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

84.67 %
EDLB
Lüdinghausen, Germany
Runway 25
Elevation157 ft asl
Weight1,033 kg
Fuel167 kg
Wind238° · 10 kn · 3 kn cross
10 Jun 2026 0:18 36 nm Piper PA-24-250 Comanche
Departure Score
86.70 %
Enroute Score
99.97 %
Arrival Score
67.35 %

What went well

Lifted off at 73 kt — on the 70 kt target
Airborne in 342 m — 54 % of the runway
Held the centreline on the roll — 3.07 m off at liftoff

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was slightly above target at 75 kt at 0 %, Threshold height at 62 ft agl was above target at 0 %, −4.95 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown rate was -483 fpm at 2 %, bank angle up to 6.7 ° at 43 %, −3.04 points
Departure Climb 3 — gear not retracted; Landing gear up at 0 ft agl at 0 %, −2.50 points
Arrival Approach — 1,000 ft gate 86 %, 500 ft gate 71 %, −1.79 points

Next time

Configure earlier

See Arrival Approach

Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 13 stages, 11 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield, Average speed was 4 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 5 kt0 kt min to max 18 kt 0 18 kt
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °3.9 ° min to max 4.3 ° 4.0 3.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.0 °
Info Average g force 0.95 g0.85 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.85 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Landing Gear Activated 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Departure Roll 90.44Departure roll runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield. Takeoff distance 342 m 54 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 74 kt. Local weather - Temperature 17 °C. Wind 11 kt at 231 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 11 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 342 m54 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 74 ktTarget 70 kt
99.9 % Runway alignment max 3.07 m left3.07 m left to 0.18 m right -0.04 3.07 m
55 % Average g force 0.41 g0.02 g min to max 0.90 g 0.83 0.90 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.8 °3.4 ° min to max 4.2 ° 3.8 3.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.1 0.7 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Departure Climb 1 99.61Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
98 % Heading variation -0.8 °-1.1 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.5 -1.1 °
100 % Average speed 77 kt74 kt min to max 80 kt 74 80 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 0.7 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.96 g0.82 g min to max 1.11 g 0.86 0.93 g
Info Average VSI 561 fpm301 fpm min to max 730 fpm 301 730 fpm
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 33 ft agl 1 33 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.5 °3.5 ° min to max 8.9 ° 3.5 8.9 °
Departure Climb 2 86.73Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
47 % Heading variation -2.1 °-6.2 ° min to max -1.2 ° -1.2 -6.2 °
100 % Average speed 81 kt79 kt min to max 86 kt 79 81 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 5.0 ° 1.3 1.5 °
99.8 % Average g force 0.90 g0.71 g min to max 1.01 g 0.85 0.90 g
Info Average VSI 836 fpm740 fpm min to max 1,027 fpm 740 813 fpm
Info Average altitude 105 ft agl34 ft agl min to max 383 ft agl 34 383 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.4 °8.9 ° min to max 9.8 ° 8.9 9.3 °
Departure Climb 3 70.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 80 kt78 kt min to max 81 ktTarget 87 kt, 7 kt slow 81 78 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.8 °2.1 ° min to max 3.9 ° 2.1 3.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.89 g0.88 g min to max 0.91 g 0.91 0.88 g
0 % Landing gear up at 0 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -7.1 °-7.3 ° min to max -6.9 ° -6.9 -7.3 °
Info Average VSI 802 fpm783 fpm min to max 816 fpm 809 783 fpm
Info Average altitude 412 ft agl397 ft agl min to max 425 ft agl 397 425 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.2 °9.1 ° min to max 9.3 ° 9.3 9.1 °

Events

Fail Gear Not Retracted
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Hamm (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Climbing from 597 ft asl to 3,358 ft asl, an increase of 2,761 ft in 4 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 101 kt80 kt min to max 133 kt 82 126 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.9 °0.0 ° min to max 11.7 ° 1.6 7.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.90 g0.78 g min to max 1.00 g 0.88 0.86 g
Info Average VSI 765 fpm-37 fpm min to max 1,446 fpm 747 833 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,543 ft asl597 ft asl min to max 3,358 ft asl 597 3,358 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °0.9 ° min to max 9.3 ° 8.9 2.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 1,415 ft agl · 111 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Bergkamen (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany) and lasted 8 minutes, covering 18 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±669 ft of 3,668 ft asl3,372 ft asl min to max 3,790 ft asl 3,372 3,417 ft asl
100 % Average speed 139 kt128 kt min to max 142 kt 128 139 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.0 °0.2 ° min to max 20.3 ° 6.0 3.4 °
99.95 % Average g force 0.90 g0.64 g min to max 1.17 g 0.88 0.89 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-3.4 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.6 -3.4 °
Enroute Descent 99.92Enroute descent started 2 miles east of EDLB Borkenberge Airfield Lüdinghausen (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Descent from 3,285 ft asl to 1,420 ft asl, a decrease of 1,865 ft in 3 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 128 kt89 kt min to max 155 kt 141 89 kt
100 % Average bank angle 20.5 °0.4 ° min to max 37.0 ° 1.5 1.2 °
99 % Average g force 0.98 g0.80 g min to max 1.76 g 0.96 0.95 g
Info Average VSI -680 fpm-1,776 fpm min to max 702 fpm -727 -741 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,304 ft asl1,420 ft asl min to max 3,285 ft asl 3,285 1,420 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.1 °-8.5 ° min to max 2.8 ° -3.9 -1.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,387 ft agl · 117 kt
Arrival Approach 78.57Final approach to runway 25 at EDLB Borkenberge Airfield. Descent from 1,431 ft agl to 19 ft agl in 154 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
0 % Landing flapfailed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
50 % On centrelinefailed at one of the two gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,387 ft agl · 117 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 674 ft agl · 86 kt
Arrival Landing 40.66Landing on runway 25 at EDLB Borkenberge Airfield, runway length 598 m. Threshold height at 62 ft agl was above target. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 75 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 75 kt. Target 71 kt
0 % Threshold height at 62 ft agl was above target.Target 32 ft agl
80 % The flare wandered off the target profile. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 6 times on the way down. Touchdown was 27 m short of the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.
82 % Runway alignment max 10.56 m right2.63 m right to 10.56 m right -2.63 -7.41 m
84 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.1 ° min to max 8.2 ° 2.8 6.7 °
79 % Average g force 0.92 g0.38 g min to max 1.17 g 0.99 0.94 g
Info Average speed 68 kt59 kt min to max 75 kt 75 62 kt
Info Average VSI -435 fpm-997 fpm min to max -6 fpm -997 -386 fpm
Info Average altitude 25 ft agl6 ft agl min to max 62 ft agl 62 6 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °-2.8 ° min to max 6.5 ° -2.3 0.2 °
0112132425307.9516243240Runway Distance mLanding Height ft01121324253-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-10123456789Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 63.58Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 62 kt was good. Touchdown rate was hard at -483 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.4 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 17 °C. Wind 14 kt at 239 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Headwind: 13 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
2 % Touchdown rate was -483 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 259 mTarget 352 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 62 ktTarget below 69 kt
84 % Runway alignment max 7.41 m right0.65 m right -7.41 5.81 m
43 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.3 ° min to max 6.7 ° 6.7 2.3 °
75 % Average g force 0.80 g0.31 g min to max 1.28 g 0.94 0.59 g
60 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 56 kt52 kt min to max 62 kt 62 52 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °-4.0 ° min to max 10.4 ° 0.2 8.7 °
Arrival Rollout 86.59Total landing distance 525 m, 88 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 9.5 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
49 % Landing distance 525 m88 % of runway.
77 % Runway alignment max 9.45 m left9.45 m left to 0.91 m right 5.92 5.10 m
71 % Average g force 0.58 g0.38 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 0.70 g
Info Average speed 47 kt30 kt min to max 52 kt 52 30 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °-0.7 ° min to max 9.3 ° 9.1 2.6 °
Info Average bank angle 2.3 °0.0 ° min to max 7.2 ° 2.2 1.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 21 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 21 kt10 kt min to max 28 kt 28 10 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °2.6 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.2 3.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.6 0.1 °
Info Average g force 0.83 g0.66 g min to max 1.01 g 0.66 1.01 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 73 kt with 3.7° of pitch. Climb 3 averaged 80 kt, 7 kt under its 87 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 8790 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF3.7° off9° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 21 kt 3.8° 0 s
Liftoff237 m · target 70 73 kt 3.7° 10.2 s
35 ft455 m · 5.9 s after liftoff 79 kt 9.0° 16.1 s
Climb 31,366 m · 397 ft to 426 ft · target 87 80 kt avg 9.3° 40.9 s
End of Climb 31,437 m · 426 ft 78 kt 9.1° 43.0 s

Takeoff from EDLH 24

Takeoff roll100.00
342m54 %
Liftoff speed100.00
73kttarget 70, 3 fast
Runway alignment99.92
3.07m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Climb 3 speed100.00
80kttarget 87
Rate of climb99.61
561fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 426 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 91 m of runway left; then climbing at 780 fpm on average to 426 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

500 ft250 ft0CLIMB 380 kt avgtarget 87THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 73 ktSCALE CHANGES0.9 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 628 m runway.

Rolled from 82 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 2.6 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.6 m left. Airborne 50 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

100200300400500600THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS1 kn75 %widest 2.55 m LROLL 82 M INAirborne 319 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 319 m of 628 m · 51 %
Behind the start of the roll, 82 mTakeoff roll, 237 m Left ahead, 309 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 85.716 of 7500 ft 71.435 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate1,020 fpm350 fpm
On glideslope3.9°4.5°
On centreline0.8° off1.6° off
On speed+24 kt+6.3 kt
Wings level4° bank0° bank

At the 1,000 ft gate: no landing flap set.

At the 500 ft gate: no landing flap set and centreline more than 1° off.

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 0.6 nm, about 390 ft above the runway, to the threshold, after the 500 ft gate. The last to settle was the glideslope.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to EDLB 25

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

On the glideslope from 3.5 nm, where the final began, to 1.0 nm, then high to 0.6 nm (up to 250 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,0026223421,000 ft gate6 of 7landing flap1,385 ft · 95 kt500 ft gate5 of 7landing flapon centreline836 ft · 77 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 3.5 nm, where the final began, to 2.5 nm, then drifted 119 m left between 2.5 and 1.4 nm, then inside the band from 1.4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR299 m L0299 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND107 m L6 m R2 m L88 m R81 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on EDLB 25

Over the threshold

ThresholdFail
not crossed - landed short
Centreline offset82.39
10.56m R

Touchdown

Past threshold84.75
-27m
Centreline84.11
7.41m R
Speed100.00
61kttarget 69 or less
Touchdown rate1.87
-483fpm
Impact74.86
1.28G
Bounces60.00
2
The flare80.24

The aircraft touched down before the threshold. Everything the flare is measured against - the profile, the crossing height, the aim point - is referenced to a threshold this landing never reached, so read the numbers below as what happened short of the runway, not on it. Landing short is the fault to fix before anything about the hold-off is worth judging.

The crosswind

Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 9° left of the track, 6° of bank.

Wind 238° at 10 kt · 9 kt head · 2 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 598 m of the approach.

Began the flare at 33 ft, 250 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 61 ft, 11 ft above the 50 ft target; ballooned 2 ft from 9 ft. Touched down 27 m before the threshold.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 598 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

61 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare began at 33 ft, 250 m before the threshold−767 fpm · −0.7° · 73 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 61 ft, down at -27 m

Plan view — the full 598 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 387 M 27 m SHORT of the threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 27 m short of the threshold. The 1.28 G arrival bounced 2 times.

Runway used 187 m of 598 m · 31 %
Rollout, 187 m Left over, 411 m
Rollout distance100.00
187m75 % used
Rollout alignment76.66
9.45m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

Departing runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield, the Piper PA-24-250 Comanche began its takeoff roll, accelerating to a liftoff speed of 74 kt in a distance of 343 m, which represented 55% of the available runway. The aircraft then transitioned into a steady climb, overcoming the local headwind of 11 kt to reach an altitude of 3,358 ft asl in 4 minutes, covering a distance of 7 nm. This climb phase was initiated overhead Hamm, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany, and marked the beginning of the enroute climb.

Following the climb, the aircraft entered a level cruise phase, maintaining an altitude of 3,358 ft asl for 8 minutes while covering a distance of 18 nm. This phase was conducted overhead Bergkamen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. Subsequently, the aircraft began its enroute descent, reducing altitude from 3,285 ft asl to 1,420 ft asl in 3 minutes, covering a distance of 7 nm. The descent phase was initiated 2 miles east of EDLB Borkenberge Airfield, Lüdinghausen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.

Upon approaching EDLB Borkenberge Airfield, the aircraft executed a final approach to runway 25 from the east, aligning with the heading of 246.0° at 3 nm and 1,251 ft agl. Touchdown occurred before the threshold, with a speed of 62 kt and a firm touchdown rate of -386 fpm. The aircraft's landing distance of 187 m, representing 31% of the available runway, was satisfactory. However, the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.2 m from the centreline, and the runway rollout alignment was also slightly misaligned by 10.9 m from the centreline. The total flight distance was 35 nm, and the aircraft consumed 96 kg of fuel during the 18-minute flight.

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