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LIPB
Bolzano, Italy
Runway 19
Elevation778 ft asl
Weight71,736 kg
Fuel33,793 kg
Wind63° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

93.90 %
EDDM
Munich, Germany
Runway 26L
Elevation1,476 ft asl
Weight64,176 kg
Fuel25,411 kg
Wind250° · 3 kn · 1 kn cross
3 Dec 2023 0:42 147 nm Avro Vulcan B2 8,382 kg
Departure Score
99.48 %
Enroute Score
95.07 %
Arrival Score
85.53 %

What went well

Touched down at -102 fpm — a soft arrival
Straight touchdown — 1.54 m off the centreline, no bounce
1.06 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Arrival Landing — GPWS warning; at 59 %, Threshold speed was too high at 170 kn at 64 %, −1.06 points
Arrival Final 2 — GPWS warning; Approach angle 1.8 ° at 26 %, −0.92 points
Arrival Final 3 — GPWS warning; Approach angle 1.7 ° at 30 %, −0.87 points
Arrival Touchdown — GPWS warning; Touchdown distance was 1,178 m at 0 %, Speed at touchdown 157 kn at 89 %, −0.78 points

Next time

Shorten the long landing

See Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 32 stages, 30 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 5 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 11 kn0 kn min to max 19 kn 0 7 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-1.1 ° min to max 0.5 ° -1.1 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.1 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Info Battery Master On 13 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 13 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake On 13 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 13 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 13 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 13 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 13 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Engine 3 Started 13 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Engine 4 Started 13 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 13 ft agl · 1 kt
Departure Roll 97.75Departure roll runway 19 at LIPB Bolzano. Takeoff distance 1,664 m 136 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 145 kn. Local weather - Temperature 6 °C. Wind 1 kn at 63 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 1,664 m136 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 145 knTarget 150 kn
89 % Runway alignment max 5.23 m4.78 m left to 0.45 m right 1.39 -0.45 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.95 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 0.97 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °0.2 ° min to max 5.6 ° 0.5 5.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Info Parking Brake On 13 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 13 ft agl · 2 kt
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 19 LIPB Bolzano.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 158 kn145 kn min to max 169 kn 145 169 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.3 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.3 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.97 g min to max 1.07 g 0.97 1.06 g
Info Average VSI 281 ft/m28 ft/m min to max 675 ft/m 28 675 ft/m
Info Average altitude 11 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 32 ft agl 0 32 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.6 °5.7 ° min to max 7.5 ° 5.7 7.5 °

Events

Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 16 ft agl · 148 kt
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 19 LIPB Bolzano.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.6 °
100 % Average speed 177 kn169 kn min to max 196 kn 169 196 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.8 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.8 1.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g1.06 g min to max 1.11 g 1.06 1.11 g
Info Average VSI 1,106 ft/m687 ft/m min to max 2,741 ft/m 687 2,741 ft/m
Info Average altitude 93 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 322 ft agl 50 322 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.4 °7.5 ° min to max 12.1 ° 7.5 12.1 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 128 ft agl · 183 kt
Departure Climb 3 99.66Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 19 LIPB Bolzano.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 1.1 °0.9 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.9 1.3 °
100 % Average speed 202 kn199 kn min to max 203 kn 199 203 kn
98 % Average bank angle 2.3 °1.9 ° min to max 2.6 ° 1.9 2.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.94 g min to max 1.12 g 1.12 0.96 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 4,196 ft/m3,328 ft/m min to max 4,662 ft/m 3,328 4,662 ft/m
Info Average altitude 666 ft agl417 ft agl min to max 932 ft agl 417 932 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 15.0 °13.5 ° min to max 15.6 ° 13.5 15.3 °
Enroute Climb 56.27Enroute climb started 1 mile north west of Laives (Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy). Climbing from 1,804 ft asl to 21,476 ft asl, an increase of 19,672 ft in 6 minutes and covering 9 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 271 kn204 kn min to max 306 kn 204 305 kn
91 % Average bank angle 17.2 °0.2 ° min to max 44.3 ° 2.8 1.8 °
97 % Average g force 1.04 g0.84 g min to max 1.30 g 0.94 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 3,188 ft/m464 ft/m min to max 7,790 ft/m 4,658 971 ft/m
Info Average altitude 12,145 ft asl1,804 ft asl min to max 21,476 ft asl 1,804 21,476 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.5 °0.4 ° min to max 15.1 ° 14.9 1.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 9,499 ft agl
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south of Nova Levante (Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 21,577 ft asl21,532 ft asl min to max 21,616 ft asl 21,532 21,616 ft asl
100 % Average speed 310 kn307 kn min to max 312 kn 307 312 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.2 °0.9 ° min to max 3.6 ° 0.9 3.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.05 g 0.97 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-0.9 ° min to max 1.0 ° -0.5 -0.1 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Tires (Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy). Descent from 21,616 ft asl to 20,766 ft asl, a decrease of 849 ft in 1 minutes and covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 322 kn313 kn min to max 326 kn 313 326 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.7 °0.0 ° min to max 9.6 ° 4.4 3.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 0.98 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -879 ft/m-1,120 ft/m min to max -210 ft/m -210 -785 ft/m
Info Average altitude 21,173 ft asl20,766 ft asl min to max 21,616 ft asl 21,616 20,766 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.4 °-1.6 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.4 -1.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 17,164 ft agl · 437 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 17,164 ft agl · 437 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 17,164 ft agl · 437 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Villandro (Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 20,783 ft asl20,670 ft asl min to max 20,860 ft asl 20,670 20,797 ft asl
100 % Average speed 319 kn317 kn min to max 326 kn 326 317 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.7 °1.3 ° min to max 6.3 ° 2.5 6.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-1.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° -0.9 -1.0 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north west of Velturno (Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy). Descent from 20,786 ft asl to 19,793 ft asl, a decrease of 993 ft in 1 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 327 kn318 kn min to max 334 kn 318 319 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.4 °5.7 ° min to max 6.8 ° 6.4 6.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.96 g min to max 1.24 g 0.97 1.18 g
Info Average VSI -1,381 ft/m-1,977 ft/m min to max 3,805 ft/m -647 3,805 ft/m
Info Average altitude 20,081 ft asl19,405 ft asl min to max 20,786 ft asl 20,786 19,793 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.0 °-2.8 ° min to max 5.8 ° -1.1 5.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north west of Rio di Pusteria (Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy). Climbing from 19,863 ft asl to 22,132 ft asl, an increase of 2,270 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 301 kn268 kn min to max 317 kn 317 268 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.9 °0.6 ° min to max 6.2 ° 6.0 2.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g0.90 g min to max 1.17 g 1.17 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 4,667 ft/m2,239 ft/m min to max 5,866 ft/m 4,130 2,239 ft/m
Info Average altitude 20,539 ft asl19,863 ft asl min to max 22,132 ft asl 19,863 22,132 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.1 °3.8 ° min to max 8.6 ° 6.3 3.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started 4 miles north of Rodengo (Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy). Descent from 22,395 ft asl to 22,051 ft asl, a decrease of 344 ft in 1 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 287 kn268 kn min to max 303 kn 268 303 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.6 °1.5 ° min to max 4.9 ° 3.4 4.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.89 g min to max 1.03 g 0.89 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -331 ft/m-769 ft/m min to max 375 ft/m 375 -161 ft/m
Info Average altitude 22,209 ft asl22,051 ft asl min to max 22,395 ft asl 22,395 22,051 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-1.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 4 miles north west of Selva dei Molini (Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 22,109 ft asl22,094 ft asl min to max 22,129 ft asl 22,106 22,097 ft asl
100 % Average speed 308 kn304 kn min to max 313 kn 304 313 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.2 ° min to max 2.1 ° 0.8 2.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.92 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-0.3 ° min to max 1.1 ° 1.1 -0.3 °
Enroute Climb 3 100.00Enroute climb started 5 miles north west of Lutago (Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy). Climbing from 22,121 ft asl to 23,128 ft asl, an increase of 1,007 ft in 1 minutes and covering 10 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 307 kn304 kn min to max 314 kn 314 305 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.3 °0.4 ° min to max 7.2 ° 2.6 6.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.91 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 718 ft/m207 ft/m min to max 1,135 ft/m 207 484 ft/m
Info Average altitude 22,765 ft asl22,121 ft asl min to max 23,128 ft asl 22,121 23,128 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-0.1 ° min to max 1.2 ° -0.1 0.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 4 60.00Enroute descent started 4 miles south of Gerlos (Politischer Bezirk Schwaz, Tirol, Austria). Descent from 23,135 ft asl to 5,267 ft asl, a decrease of 17,868 ft in 11 minutes and covering 59 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 269 kn219 kn min to max 309 kn 305 229 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.8 °0.1 ° min to max 9.0 ° 6.1 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.87 g min to max 1.11 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -1,309 ft/m-5,450 ft/m min to max 518 ft/m 443 518 ft/m
Info Average altitude 15,265 ft asl5,267 ft asl min to max 23,178 ft asl 23,135 5,267 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-8.8 ° min to max 2.4 ° 0.7 2.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 9,289 ft agl
Enroute Level 4 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile east of Unterreit (Upper Bavaria, Bavaria, Germany) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 5,253 ft asl5,189 ft asl min to max 5,308 ft asl 5,308 5,189 ft asl
100 % Average speed 215 kn212 kn min to max 220 kn 220 212 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.1 ° min to max 3.7 ° 3.7 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.10 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °0.9 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.7 1.3 °
Enroute Climb 4 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile west of Jettenbach (Upper Bavaria, Bavaria, Germany). Climbing from 5,183 ft asl to 5,376 ft asl, an increase of 193 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 212 kn208 kn min to max 214 kn 214 208 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.9 °1.2 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.2 2.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 301 ft/m88 ft/m min to max 554 ft/m 88 554 ft/m
Info Average altitude 5,263 ft asl5,183 ft asl min to max 5,376 ft asl 5,183 5,376 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °1.8 ° min to max 3.3 ° 1.8 3.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 5 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north west of Aschau am Inn (Upper Bavaria, Bavaria, Germany). Descent from 5,470 ft asl to 5,278 ft asl, a decrease of 193 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 210 kn204 kn min to max 217 kn 204 217 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.2 °2.9 ° min to max 9.0 ° 2.9 9.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -337 ft/m-800 ft/m min to max 561 ft/m 561 -216 ft/m
Info Average altitude 5,400 ft asl5,278 ft asl min to max 5,510 ft asl 5,470 5,278 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-0.2 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.4 1.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 5 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Rattenkirchen (Upper Bavaria, Bavaria, Germany) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 5,283 ft asl5,201 ft asl min to max 5,335 ft asl 5,275 5,201 ft asl
100 % Average speed 217 kn214 kn min to max 220 kn 217 220 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.6 °0.9 ° min to max 9.8 ° 9.8 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °0.3 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.3 0.9 °
Enroute Descent 6 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile west of Buchbach (Upper Bavaria, Bavaria, Germany). Descent from 5,177 ft asl to 5,012 ft asl, a decrease of 165 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 224 kn221 kn min to max 227 kn 221 227 kn
100 % Average bank angle 12.2 °10.1 ° min to max 16.2 ° 10.4 10.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.96 g min to max 1.10 g 1.02 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -322 ft/m-492 ft/m min to max -127 ft/m -281 -448 ft/m
Info Average altitude 5,100 ft asl5,012 ft asl min to max 5,177 ft asl 5,177 5,012 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °0.1 ° min to max 1.3 ° 1.0 0.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 6 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south west of Velden (Lower Bavaria, Bavaria, Germany) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 4,942 ft asl4,886 ft asl min to max 5,005 ft asl 5,005 4,923 ft asl
100 % Average speed 228 kn226 kn min to max 230 kn 227 226 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.4 °4.9 ° min to max 9.8 ° 9.8 4.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.89 g min to max 1.04 g 1.02 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-0.6 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.2 1.1 °
Enroute Descent 7 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Taufkirchen (Upper Bavaria, Bavaria, Germany). Descent from 4,922 ft asl to 3,264 ft asl, a decrease of 1,658 ft in 2 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 222 kn212 kn min to max 226 kn 226 222 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.0 °0.0 ° min to max 7.8 ° 6.9 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.84 g min to max 1.04 g 1.03 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -479 ft/m-1,511 ft/m min to max 336 ft/m -16 -1,511 ft/m
Info Average altitude 4,600 ft asl3,264 ft asl min to max 4,957 ft asl 4,922 3,264 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-2.7 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.3 -2.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started overhead Taufkirchen (Upper Bavaria, Bavaria, Germany).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 218 kn208 kn min to max 224 kn 222 208 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 0.6 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -1,145 ft/m-1,533 ft/m min to max -774 ft/m -1,532 -1,067 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,642 ft asl2,069 ft asl min to max 3,238 ft asl 3,238 2,069 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.5 °-2.6 ° min to max -0.7 ° -2.6 -1.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,327 ft agl · 225 kt
Arrival Final 4 86.33Approaching runway 26L at EDDM Munich from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 575 ft agl to 465 ft agl. A decrease of 110 ft in 11 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
54 % Approach angle 1.4 °1.4 ° min to max 1.5 °Target 3.0 ° 1.5 1.5 °
100 % Average speed 206 kn201 kn min to max 208 kn 208 201 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.2 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.98 g min to max 1.16 g 1.01 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -681 ft/m-1,086 ft/m min to max 139 ft/m -1,062 139 ft/m
Info Average altitude 498 ft agl460 ft agl min to max 575 ft agl 575 465 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-1.2 ° min to max 2.5 ° -1.2 2.5 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 480 ft agl · 206 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 462 ft agl · 202 kt
33.253.53.7543504004505005506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-120-90-60-300306090120Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 3 79.04Approaching runway 26L at EDDM Munich from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 467 ft agl to 367 ft agl. A decrease of 100 ft in 17 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
30 % Approach angle 1.7 °1.5 ° min to max 1.7 °Target 3.0 ° 1.5 1.7 °
100 % Average speed 195 kn193 kn min to max 200 kn 200 193 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -0.0 °
99.7 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 1.9 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.95 g min to max 1.08 g 1.01 1.05 g
Info Average VSI -313 ft/m-644 ft/m min to max 129 ft/m 129 -400 ft/m
Info Average altitude 432 ft agl367 ft agl min to max 470 ft agl 467 367 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.3 ° min to max 2.5 ° 2.5 1.5 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 457 ft agl · 196 kt
22.252.52.7533003504004505005506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-110-83-55-280285583110Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 77.82Approaching runway 26L at EDDM Munich from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 362 ft agl to 194 ft agl. A decrease of 168 ft in 18 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
26 % Approach angle 1.8 °1.7 ° min to max 1.9 °Target 3.0 ° 1.7 1.8 °
100 % Average speed 190 kn186 kn min to max 193 kn 193 186 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° -0.0 0.2 °
99.97 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 1.9 2.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.90 g min to max 1.14 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -519 ft/m-875 ft/m min to max -319 ft/m -337 -515 ft/m
Info Average altitude 288 ft agl194 ft agl min to max 362 ft agl 362 194 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-0.2 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.4 1.2 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Arrival Final 3 457 ft agl · 196 kt
11.251.51.752100150200250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-90-68-45-23023456890Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 86.95Approaching runway 26L at EDDM Munich from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 187 ft agl to 42 ft agl. A decrease of 144 ft in 16 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
35 % Approach angle 1.9 °1.6 ° min to max 2.5 °Target 3.0 ° 1.9 2.5 °
100 % Average speed 174 kn170 kn min to max 185 kn 185 170 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 1.4 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.93 g min to max 1.25 g 0.95 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -481 ft/m-737 ft/m min to max -233 ft/m -493 -244 ft/m
Info Average altitude 68 ft agl42 ft agl min to max 187 ft agl 187 42 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °0.3 ° min to max 3.1 ° 1.0 2.2 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Arrival Final 3 457 ft agl · 196 kt
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-70-53-35-18018355370Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 74.53Landing on runway 26L at EDDM Munich, runway length 3,844 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was too high at 170 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
64 % Threshold speed was too high at 170 kn. Target 140 kn
75 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.1 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.7 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.16 g 0.98 1.01 g
Info Average speed 163 kn157 kn min to max 170 kn 170 157 kn
Info Average VSI -118 ft/m-342 ft/m min to max 159 ft/m -246 -102 ft/m
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 27 ft agl 27 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °2.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 2.2 3.3 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Arrival Final 3 457 ft agl · 196 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 22 ft agl · 157 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 19 ft agl · 163 kt
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,35001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,350-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 81.36Touchdown point was 768 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 157 knwas fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -102 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature -1 °C. Wind 3 kn at 250 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Headwind: 3 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
94 % Touchdown VSI was -102 ft/m.
0 % Touchdown distance was 1,178 mTarget 457 m
89 % Speed at touchdown 157 knTarget 143 kn
99.96 % Runway alignment max 1.54 m1.39 m right -1.21 -1.54 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.2 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g1.01 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 1.05 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 157 kn157 kn min to max 157 kn 157 157 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °3.3 ° min to max 3.3 ° 3.3 3.3 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Arrival Landing 22 ft agl · 157 kt
Arrival Rollout 98.23Total landing distance 2,832 m, 74 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 2,832 m74 % of runway.
96 % Runway alignment max 4.95 m2.66 m left to 2.29 m right -1.56 1.41 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 1.00 g
Info Average speed 141 kn77 kn min to max 152 kn 152 77 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °-0.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.3 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.0 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Arrival Landing 22 ft agl · 157 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 14 ft agl · 155 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 14 ft agl · 155 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 46 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 42 kn16 kn min to max 73 kn 73 16 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.2 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 10 kn0 kn min to max 17 kn 16 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.8 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Info Parking Brake On 13 ft agl · 2 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 144 kt with 5.7° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

210 kt14070020°10°0°LIFTOFF5.7° off8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090120150 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 6 kt 0.5° 0 s
80 kt306 m 80 kt 0.8° 126 s
Liftoff913 m 144 kt 5.7° 136 s
35 ft1,308 m · 4.8 s after liftoff 170 kt 7.6° 141 s
End of Climb 33,043 m · 932 ft 203 kt 15.3° 159 s

Takeoff from LIPB 19

Takeoff roll100.00
789m64 %
Liftoff speed100.00
144kt
Runway alignment88.76
4.78m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb100.00
280fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 932 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 39 m of runway left; then climbing at 2,480 fpm on average to 932 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 144 ktSCALE CHANGES1.7 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,228 m runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted 4.8 m left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 64 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 4.78 m LAirborne 794 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 794 m of 1,228 m · 65 %
Takeoff roll, 794 m Left ahead, 434 m

The approach to EDDM 26L

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Low from 4 nm to the threshold (up to 610 ft under).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND703444365307212107
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 8× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 48 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR122 m L0122 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND48 m L7 m L6 m R3 m R6 m L9 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on EDDM 26L

Over the threshold

Threshold height58.98
26ft
Threshold speed64.29
169kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.02m L

Touchdown

Past threshold0.00
1,178m
Centreline99.96
1.54m R
Speed88.73
157kt
Touchdown rate94.48
-102fpm
Impact100.00
1.06G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 250° at 3 kt · 3 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 153 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 55 s, an average deceleration of 0.12 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012016060 kt · 2,429 m30 kt · 2,555 mtouchdown2,657 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 2,906 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 26 ft, 24 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,178 m in, 873 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 2,906 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

26 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −102 fpm · 3.3° nose up · 157 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 26 ft, down at 1,178 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From 26 ft the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 220 fpm before coming down at 100 fpm to touch. The nose came up 1.2° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−102 fpm at touchdown3.3° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 2,906 m of the 3,844 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 1.5 m right of the centreline, and stayed within 2.6 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

1,0002,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 1,178 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 1,178 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 2,784 m of 3,844 m · 72 %
In the air over the runway, 1,178 mRollout, 1,607 m Left over, 1,060 m
Rollout distance100.00
1,607m72 % used
Rollout alignment96.06
2.66m L

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