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UBBL
Lankaran, Azerbaijan
Runway 15
Elevation-43 ft asl
Weight4,171 kg
Fuel645 kg
Wind120° · 17 kn · 9 kn cross

Flight Score

91.29 %
UBBL
Lankaran, Azerbaijan
Runway 15
Elevation-43 ft asl
Weight4,116 kg
Fuel586 kg
Wind120° · 17 kn · 9 kn cross
20 Feb 2026 0:08 25 nm Honda HA420 59 kg
Departure Score
93.38 %
Pattern Score
83.98 %
Arrival Score
96.51 %

What went well

Touched down at -92 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 389 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 34 ft and 107 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Pattern Entry — GPWS warning; bank angle up to 52.8 ° at 31 %, −2.14 points
Pattern Base Leg Turn — Angle to runway (45 degrees) 16.9 ° at 8 %, −1.84 points
Departure Climb 2 — scored 90.00 %, −1.11 points

Next time

Departure

Apply small rudder corrections against a point at the far end of the runway to hold the centreline during the roll.

What happened: The aircraft tracked 9.4 m off the runway centreline during the ground roll, and flights with this pattern usually carry extra bank, around 4.6°, into the first climb.

Watch for: Heading indicator: wings level, tracking the runway centreline

See Departure RollDeparture Climb 1

Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.

Read more in Pattern Work

Start to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 15 at UB10 Lenkoran, Average speed was 33 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 21 kt0 kt min to max 40 kt 0 40 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °0.4 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.4 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Landing Gear Activated 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Departure Roll 92.64Departure roll runway 15 at UB10 Lenkoran. Takeoff distance 2,506 m 76 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 118 kt. Local weather - Temperature 14 °C. Wind 17 kt at 120 °. Crosswind: 9 kt Headwind: 15 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Takeoff distance 2,506 m76 % of runway
90 % Liftoff speed was 118 ktTarget 135 kt
77 % Runway alignment max 9.42 m right0.00 m left to 9.42 m right -6.72 -1.09 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.98 g min to max 1.05 g 0.99 1.05 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °0.8 ° min to max 8.5 ° 0.8 8.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.1 2.2 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 4 ft agl · 117 kt
Departure Climb 1 97.50Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 15 UB10 Lenkoran.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 122 kt118 kt min to max 126 kt 118 126 kt
90 % Average bank angle 4.6 °2.4 ° min to max 5.8 ° 2.4 4.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.28 g1.06 g min to max 1.40 g 1.06 1.17 g
Info Average VSI 965 fpm483 fpm min to max 1,432 fpm 483 1,432 fpm
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 28 ft agl 0 28 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 14.0 °8.8 ° min to max 16.1 ° 8.8 15.7 °
Departure Climb 2 90.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 15 UB10 Lenkoran.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 141 kt126 kt min to max 188 kt 126 188 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.1 ° min to max 4.3 ° 3.9 4.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.97 g0.83 g min to max 1.15 g 1.15 0.87 g
Info Average VSI 1,652 fpm252 fpm min to max 2,274 fpm 1,462 252 fpm
Info Average altitude 419 ft agl30 ft agl min to max 1,074 ft agl 30 1,074 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.2 °3.3 ° min to max 15.6 ° 15.6 3.3 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 127 ft agl · 124 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 127 ft agl · 124 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 385 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 835 ft agl · 152 kt
Pattern Entry 67.86Left hand pattern entry from runway 15 UB10 Lenkoran. Distance was 1 nm in 12 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 215 kt194 kt min to max 232 kt 194 232 kt
31 % Average bank angle 44.5 °26.4 ° min to max 52.8 ° 26.4 52.8 °
91 % Average g force 1.35 g0.94 g min to max 1.83 g 0.94 1.83 g
Info Average VSI -495 fpm-1,042 fpm min to max -112 fpm -112 -1,042 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,065 ft agl1,012 ft agl min to max 1,106 ft agl 1,106 1,012 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °0.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° 2.4 0.6 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 992 ft agl · 215 kt
Pattern Crosswind 96.80Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 15 UB10 Lenkoran. Distance was less than 1 nm in 8 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -0.5 °-18.0 ° min to max 14.6 ° 14.6 -18.0 °
100 % Average speed 238 kt235 kt min to max 243 kt 235 240 kt
68 % Average g force 1.45 g1.09 g min to max 1.81 g 1.80 1.25 g
Info Average VSI 229 fpm-905 fpm min to max 763 fpm -905 683 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,002 ft agl982 ft agl min to max 1,040 ft agl 996 1,040 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 39.2 °31.9 ° min to max 44.6 ° 44.6 34.7 °
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °0.8 ° min to max 3.9 ° 0.8 3.9 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Pattern Entry 992 ft agl · 215 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 898 ft agl · 237 kt
Pattern Downwind Turn 84.96Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 2 nm. Angle to the runway's far end 54.0 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
84 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 54.0 °.
100 % Average speed 231 kt224 kt min to max 237 kt 237 224 kt
67 % Average bank angle 32.8 °9.4 ° min to max 37.9 ° 34.6 9.4 °
97 % Average g force 1.17 g0.73 g min to max 1.61 g 1.30 0.76 g
Info Average VSI 35 fpm-887 fpm min to max 1,085 fpm 797 177 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,078 ft agl1,040 ft agl min to max 1,115 ft agl 1,052 1,065 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °0.2 ° min to max 4.9 ° 4.0 1.8 °
Pattern Downwind 97.95Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 8 nm in 123 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Heading -6.0 °-17.6 ° min to max -4.2 ° -4.2 -17.6 °
100 % Average altitude 989 ft agl969 ft agl min to max 1,065 ft agl 1,065 969 ft agl
100 % Average speed 215 kt206 kt min to max 226 kt 225 208 kt
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.88 g min to max 1.23 g 0.91 1.13 g
Info Average VSI -46 fpm-311 fpm min to max 162 fpm -155 61 fpm
Info Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 24.6 ° 3.2 24.6 °
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °1.4 ° min to max 3.5 ° 1.4 3.1 °

Events

Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 960 ft agl · 221 kt
Info 49 Activated 960 ft agl · 221 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 936 ft agl · 220 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 934 ft agl · 219 kt
Info 49 Deactivated 934 ft agl · 219 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 72.34Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 5 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 16.9 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
8 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 16.9 °.
100 % Average speed 167 kt120 kt min to max 207 kt 207 120 kt
100 % Average bank angle 13.7 °0.0 ° min to max 26.4 ° 25.0 6.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.78 g min to max 1.27 g 1.08 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -186 fpm-711 fpm min to max 605 fpm 103 -596 fpm
Info Average altitude 690 ft agl430 ft agl min to max 980 ft agl 967 430 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °-0.1 ° min to max 7.1 ° 3.1 3.9 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 859 ft agl · 190 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 859 ft agl · 190 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 795 ft agl · 191 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 452 ft agl · 175 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 452 ft agl · 175 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 536 ft agl · 136 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 512 ft agl · 131 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 409 ft agl · 119 kt
Arrival Final 3 100.00Approaching runway 15 at UB10 Lenkoran from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 418 ft agl to 298 ft agl. A decrease of 120 ft in 28 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 1.4 °1.3 ° min to max 1.4 °Target 3.0 ° 1.4 1.3 °
100 % Average speed 103 kt95 kt min to max 119 kt 119 99 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.4 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 2.7 ° 2.7 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.16 g 1.07 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -229 fpm-544 fpm min to max 48 fpm -544 -234 fpm
Info Average altitude 364 ft agl298 ft agl min to max 418 ft agl 418 298 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.4 °4.2 ° min to max 7.6 ° 4.2 7.2 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 337 ft agl · 95 kt
Arrival Final 2 98.15Approaching runway 15 at UB10 Lenkoran from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 418 ft agl to 202 ft agl. A decrease of 216 ft in 67 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 1.5 °1.3 ° min to max 1.8 °Target 3.0 ° 1.4 1.7 °
100 % Average speed 105 kt95 kt min to max 119 kt 119 110 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.2 °
91 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 6.4 ° 2.7 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.16 g 1.07 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -178 fpm-544 fpm min to max 256 fpm -544 -357 fpm
Info Average altitude 310 ft agl202 ft agl min to max 418 ft agl 418 202 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.8 °3.4 ° min to max 7.9 ° 4.2 3.4 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 337 ft agl · 95 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 261 ft agl · 100 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 258 ft agl · 104 kt
11.251.51.752100150200250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-80-60-40-20020406080Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 95.55Approaching runway 15 at UB10 Lenkoran from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 195 ft agl to 53 ft agl. A decrease of 142 ft in 30 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.0 °1.6 ° min to max 2.2 °Target 3.0 ° 1.7 2.2 °
100 % Average speed 107 kt104 kt min to max 113 kt 110 107 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.3 °
78 % Average bank angle 3.2 °0.0 ° min to max 12.0 ° 0.5 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.86 g min to max 1.15 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -272 fpm-701 fpm min to max -37 fpm -361 -256 fpm
Info Average altitude 90 ft agl53 ft agl min to max 195 ft agl 195 53 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °2.0 ° min to max 5.8 ° 3.4 4.5 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Arrival Final 2 261 ft agl · 100 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 151 ft agl · 110 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 121 ft agl · 110 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 103 ft agl · 107 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 172 ft agl · 110 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 147 ft agl · 111 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 89 ft agl · 108 kt
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 99.67Landing on runway 15 at UB10 Lenkoran, runway length 3,298 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 107 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 107 kt. Target 104 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.08 m right0.05 m right to 0.08 m right -0.08 -0.05 m
97 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 4.0 ° 0.6 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.96 g min to max 1.09 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average speed 101 kt94 kt min to max 107 kt 107 94 kt
Info Average VSI -219 fpm-350 fpm min to max -43 fpm -257 -43 fpm
Info Average altitude 14 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 35 ft agl 35 2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °4.4 ° min to max 8.3 ° 4.5 8.3 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Arrival Final 1 103 ft agl · 107 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 35 ft agl · 106 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 16 ft agl · 100 kt
07515022530037545001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 94.12Touchdown distance was good at 388 m. Touchdown speed at 94 kt was good. Touchdown rate was perfect at -43 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 8.3 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 12 °C. Wind 13 kt at 120 °. Crosswind: 7 kt Headwind: 12 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -43 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 389 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 94 ktTarget below 96 kt
81 % Runway alignment max 8.32 m right8.29 m right -8.24 -8.21 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.2 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.97 g min to max 1.12 g 1.00 1.02 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 92 kt91 kt min to max 94 kt 94 91 kt
Info Average pitch angle 8.4 °8.0 ° min to max 8.5 ° 8.3 8.0 °
Arrival Rollout 91.56Total landing distance 943 m, 29 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 8.2 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 943 m29 % of runway.
81 % Runway alignment max 8.20 m right0.00 m left to 8.20 m right -8.20 -7.55 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Average speed 69 kt39 kt min to max 73 kt 73 39 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °-0.0 ° min to max 8.0 ° 8.0 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.4 0.1 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 3 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 4 ft agl · 88 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 34 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 20 kt11 kt min to max 29 kt 29 11 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 0.99 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 117 kt with 7.6° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

210 kt14070020°10°0°LIFTOFF7.6° off15° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 51 kt 0.8° 0 s
80 kt107 m 80 kt 1.2° 3.8 s
Liftoff344 m · target 117 117 kt 7.6° 9.1 s
35 ft521 m · 3.2 s after liftoff 126 kt 15.4° 12.3 s
End of the climb3,071 m · 1,074 ft 188 kt 3.3° 48.9 s

Takeoff from UBBL 15

Takeoff roll96.63
2,501m76 %
Liftoff speed90.40
117kton target
Runway alignment76.77
9.42m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb97.50
965fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 1,074 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 626 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,620 fpm on average to 1,074 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

1,250 ft625 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 117 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 3,298 m runway.

Rolled from 2,152 m in, drifted 9.6 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off, in 7 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 76 % of the way down the runway, past the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS7 kn75 %widest 9.56 m RROLL 2,152 M INAirborne 2,496 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 2,496 m of 3,298 m · 76 %
Behind the start of the roll, 2,152 mTakeoff roll, 344 m Left ahead, 802 m

The circuit to UBBL 15

Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.

Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 2.1 nm out at 213 kt

How to read this

The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.

45° to the thresholdTHRLANDING123crosswinddownwind90+75-89under 75not a circuit legtextbook circuit

Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded

How to read this

The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.

05001,0001,5000°30°HEIGHT ftBANKcircuit height 1,000 ftturn crosswind from 500 ft53°138°226°3distance flown →
HeightBankA turnCircuit height ±50 ft30° of bank
1Crosswind turn
Turned at
1,021 ft
Bank
53°
Speed
226 kt

Steep: 53° of bank.

Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.

Read more in Pattern Work
2Onto downwind
Bank
38°
Height
989 ft on 1,000 ft
Speed
215 kt
Out
1.3 nm 2.1 suits 213 kt

Steep: 38° of bank.

The 45-degrees-behind-the-wing cue assumes you can turn your head and use peripheral vision. Downwind spacing cues like "put the wingtip halfway up the strut" assume a fixed, known eyepoint. Neither survives a monitor unmodified. If you fly on a fixed monitor, stop pretending and fly a numbers-based circuit.

Read more in Pattern Work
3Base turn
Angle
17° target 45°
Bank
26°
Height
949 ft

Late: turned base with the threshold 17° behind, against 45°.

The stopwatch. From abeam the threshold, fly roughly 30 to 45 seconds before turning base, in nil wind at 172 speeds. Treat that as a starting value and calibrate it. If your finals keep coming out at 400 ft instead of 500, add a few seconds. Then adjust for wind, roughly a second per knot of headwind on final (a headwind on final is a tailwind on downwind, carrying you further from the field per second).

Read more in Pattern Work
Entry68Crosswind97Turn onto downwind85Downwind98Base turn72

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate for a circuit: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate is an instrument-approach check and does not apply.

Seven checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 1.0 to 0.3 nm, then not again: right of the centreline from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to UBBL 15

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 810 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND508520310210121500 ft gate7 of 7283 ft · 110 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 1,161 m right of the centreline, then inside it from 3.0 to 0.3 nm, then 24 m right of it from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND1161 m R107 m R29 m R10 m R8 m R24 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 56 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 34 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Outside the speed band twice; furthest −17 kt at 2.1 nm.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

100120140160180 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 112+37 kt+18 kt−15 kt−5 kt−0 kt−5 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on UBBL 15

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
34ft
Threshold speed100.00
107kttarget 110, 3 slow
Centreline offset100.00
0.08m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
389m
Centreline80.77
8.32m R
Speed100.00
93kttarget 110 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-92fpm
Impact100.00
1.12G
Bounces80.00
1
The flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

The crosswind

8 kt across from the left, which takes about 5° of crab to hold the centreline at 94 kt. Touched down with the nose 6° into wind, wings level.

Wind 120° at 17 kt · 15 kt head · 8 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 76 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 18 s, an average deceleration of 0.14 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608010060 kt · 507 m30 kt · 573 mtouchdown596 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 34 ft, 16 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 389 m in, 84 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

34 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −92 fpm · 8.3° nose up · 94 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 34 ft, down at 389 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 280 fpm at 35 ft to 90 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.8° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−92 fpm at touchdown8.3° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,298 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 8.2 m right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 8.3 m right at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 8 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 389 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 389 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.12 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 887 m of 3,298 m · 27 %
In the air over the runway, 389 mRollout, 498 m Left over, 2,412 m
Rollout distance100.00
498m27 % used
Rollout alignment81.23
8.20m R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight in question was conducted using a Honda HA420 aircraft, departing from runway 15 at UB10 Lenkoran. The takeoff distance was 2,506 meters, which is 76% of the runway length. The aircraft lifted off at a speed of 118 knots. At the time of departure, the local weather conditions were characterized by a temperature of 14 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 17 knots from a direction of 120 degrees. This resulted in a crosswind of 9 knots and a headwind of 15 knots.

As the aircraft entered the left-hand pattern, it took 12 seconds to cover a distance of 1 nautical mile. The subsequent left-hand pattern crosswind turn was completed in less than 1 nautical mile in 8 seconds. The pattern downwind turn covered a distance of 2 nautical miles, with an angle to the runway of 54.0 degrees. The downwind leg of the pattern was 8 nautical miles long and took 123 seconds to complete. The base leg turn covered a distance of 5 nautical miles, with an angle to the runway of 16.9 degrees.

The final approach to runway 15 was made from the northwest, with a heading of 153.0 degrees at a distance of 3 nautical miles and an altitude of 418 feet above ground level. The landing was conducted with a threshold speed of 107 knots, which was considered good. The touchdown distance was 386 meters, and the touchdown speed was 94 knots, both of which were also considered good. The touchdown rate was perfect at -43 feet per minute.

However, the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned from the centreline by 8.3 meters. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 12 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 13 knots from a direction of 120 degrees, resulting in a crosswind of 7 knots and a headwind of 12 knots. The total landing distance was 943 meters, which is 29% of the runway length. The runway rollout alignment was also slightly misaligned from the centreline by 8.2 meters.

The total flight distance was 25 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 8 minutes. The aircraft used a total of 59 kilograms of fuel during the flight.

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