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KAST
Astoria, United States
Runway 32
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight1,188 kg
Fuel59 kg
Wind340° · 6 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

97.55 %
KTMK
Tillamook, United States
Runway 31
Elevation20 ft asl
Weight1,179 kg
Fuel49 kg
Wind310° · 8 kn · 3 kn cross
19 Oct 2026 0:34 56 nm Diamond DA40 10 kg
Departure Score
96.04 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
96.60 %

What went well

Touched down at -90 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 434 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 41 ft and 74 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Arrival Approach — 500 ft gate 86 %, −0.95 points
Departure Taxi — Taxi Lights at 0 %, −0.67 points
Departure Climb 2 — bank angle up to 13.2 ° at 77 %, −0.39 points

Next time

Departure

Use smoother, smaller aileron inputs to keep the wings level and hold bank angle near wings-level during the climb.

What happened: During the climb, bank angle rose to 0.8°, more roll than the climb out called for.

Watch for: Attitude indicator: wings level during the climb

See Departure Climb 2

Arrival

Make small rudder corrections against a fixed point at the far end of the runway to hold the centreline.

What happened: You drifted off the centreline on the approach.

Watch for: Runway centreline: tracked all the way to the threshold.

See Arrival Approach

Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 18 stages, 16 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 25 minutes and covered 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 7 kt0 kt min to max 14 kt 0 3 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 4 ktmax 4 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °2.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 2.0 2.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.3 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Avionics Managed Activated 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 32 at KAST Astoria Regional Airport, Average speed was 11 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 5 kt0 kt min to max 16 kt 2 16 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °2.8 ° min to max 3.5 ° 3.3 3.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.98 g

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 6 kt
Departure Roll 96.00Departure roll runway 32 at KAST Astoria Regional Airport. Takeoff distance 512 m 38 % of runway. Rotation speed was 77 kt. Local weather - Temperature 14 °C. Wind 6 kt at 339 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 6 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 512 m38 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 77 ktTarget 67 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.94 m right1.85 m left to 2.94 m right 1.85 -2.94 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.14 g 1.00 1.14 g
80 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °0.2 ° min to max 3.7 ° 2.9 3.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 32 KAST Astoria Regional Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.5 °0.4 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.4 °
100 % Average speed 80 kt79 kt min to max 80 kt 79 80 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.2 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.2 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.91 g min to max 1.25 g 1.19 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 231 fpm92 fpm min to max 296 fpm 92 296 fpm
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 37 ft agl 0 37 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °4.0 ° min to max 7.2 ° 4.0 6.6 °
Departure Climb 2 94.18Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 32 KAST Astoria Regional Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 -0.3 °
100 % Average speed 83 kt80 kt min to max 92 kt 80 92 kt
77 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 13.2 ° 0.4 13.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.90 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 439 fpm300 fpm min to max 769 fpm 300 765 fpm
Info Average altitude 101 ft agl38 ft agl min to max 380 ft agl 38 380 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.7 °4.6 ° min to max 8.0 ° 6.6 6.5 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 108 ft agl · 82 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 32 KAST Astoria Regional Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 93 kt92 kt min to max 93 ktTarget 89 kt, 4 kt fast 92 93 kt
100 % Average bank angle 13.3 °13.2 ° min to max 13.3 ° 13.3 13.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g1.01 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.01 g
100 % Landing gear fixed
Info Heading variation -1.1 °-1.5 ° min to max -0.8 ° -0.8 -1.5 °
Info Average VSI 770 fpm766 fpm min to max 774 fpm 766 774 fpm
Info Average altitude 413 ft agl393 ft agl min to max 433 ft agl 393 433 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.1 °6.7 ° min to max 7.2 ° 6.7 7.2 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead KAST Astoria Regional Airport Astoria (Oregon, United States). Climbing from 456 ft asl to 2,527 ft asl, an increase of 2,072 ft in 3 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 90 kt81 kt min to max 106 kt 93 106 kt
100 % Average bank angle 5.3 °0.0 ° min to max 16.8 ° 13.5 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.09 g 1.02 0.96 g
Info Average VSI 771 fpm289 fpm min to max 1,135 fpm 774 289 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,432 ft asl456 ft asl min to max 2,527 ft asl 456 2,527 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.8 °0.8 ° min to max 11.6 ° 7.3 0.8 °
Info Turn coordination 3-12 min to max 21 -7 5

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,060 ft agl · 100 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south of Jeffers Garden (Oregon, United States) and lasted 8 minutes, covering 17 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±626 ft of 2,761 ft asl2,493 ft asl min to max 2,810 ft asl 2,524 2,796 ft asl
100 % Average speed 121 kt111 kt min to max 127 kt 113 119 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.4 °0.0 ° min to max 18.4 ° 0.5 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.10 g 0.95 1.03 g
Info Turn coordination -15-28 min to max 15 -3 -22
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-2.9 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.3 0.1 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 2,257 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 2,257 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,375 ft agl · 125 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,373 ft agl · 125 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,375 ft agl · 125 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2,375 ft agl · 125 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,464 ft agl · 117 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,464 ft agl · 117 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 2,682 ft agl · 123 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 2,682 ft agl · 123 kt
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 6 miles north east of Nehalem (Oregon, United States). Climbing from 2,819 ft asl to 3,420 ft asl, an increase of 601 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 112 kt105 kt min to max 121 kt 121 105 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.4 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.6 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.02 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 355 fpm144 fpm min to max 411 fpm 144 392 fpm
Info Average altitude 3,119 ft asl2,819 ft asl min to max 3,420 ft asl 2,819 3,420 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °0.2 ° min to max 2.9 ° 0.2 2.9 °
Info Turn coordination -17-28 min to max -14 -16 -14
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles north east of Nehalem (Oregon, United States) and lasted 7 minutes, covering 14 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±674 ft of 3,473 ft asl3,085 ft asl min to max 3,507 ft asl 3,485 3,085 ft asl
100 % Average speed 121 kt104 kt min to max 134 kt 104 134 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.1 ° min to max 4.0 ° 0.6 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.90 g min to max 1.04 g 0.96 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination -21-29 min to max -11 -13 -29
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-2.8 ° min to max 2.2 ° 2.2 -2.8 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 3,062 ft agl · 128 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 3,062 ft agl · 128 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north east of Idaville (Oregon, United States). Descent from 2,999 ft asl to 1,388 ft asl, a decrease of 1,612 ft in 3 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 126 kt113 kt min to max 135 kt 134 113 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.1 ° min to max 12.8 ° 1.0 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.88 g min to max 1.11 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -499 fpm-1,014 fpm min to max -292 fpm -503 -399 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,810 ft asl1,388 ft asl min to max 2,999 ft asl 2,999 1,388 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.5 °-4.6 ° min to max -1.2 ° -2.8 -1.2 °
Info Turn coordination -22-39 min to max -5 -31 -7

Events

Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 2,069 ft agl · 137 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Deactivated 2,069 ft agl · 137 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 2,069 ft agl · 137 kt
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of KTMK Tillamook Airport Tillamook (Oregon, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±569 ft of 1,107 ft asl812 ft asl min to max 1,383 ft asl 1,383 812 ft asl
100 % Average speed 98 kt79 kt min to max 113 kt 113 79 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.8 °0.0 ° min to max 24.9 ° 1.4 3.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.90 g min to max 1.16 g 0.96 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination -17-40 min to max 9 -14 5
Info Average pitch angle -1.6 °-6.4 ° min to max 1.6 ° -1.5 -5.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 786 ft agl · 109 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 772 ft agl · 96 kt
Arrival Approach 85.71Final approach to runway 31 at KTMK Tillamook Airport. Descent from 930 ft agl to 75 ft agl in 84 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
0 % On centrelinefailed
100 % On speedpassed
100 % Wings levelpassed
Arrival Landing 99.93Landing on runway 31 at KTMK Tillamook Airport, runway length 1,524 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 74 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 74 kt. Target 71 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 2.53 m left2.53 m left to 0.35 m left 2.53 0.35 m
99 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.5 2.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 0.98 g
Info Average speed 70 kt61 kt min to max 74 kt 74 61 kt
Info Average VSI -373 fpm-471 fpm min to max -235 fpm -471 -235 fpm
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl-12 ft agl min to max 41 ft agl 41 -12 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-2.5 ° min to max 3.0 ° -2.5 2.5 °
07515022530037545052501122344556Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525-15-12-9-6-303691215Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 100.00Touchdown distance was good at 434 m. Touchdown speed at 61 kt was good. Touchdown rate was excellent at -90 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 8 kt at 310 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -90 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 434 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 61 ktTarget below 71 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 0.45 m left0.35 m left 0.35 0.45 m
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.1 ° min to max 2.2 ° 2.2 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.96 g min to max 1.13 g 0.98 1.08 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 60 kt60 kt min to max 61 kt 61 60 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °2.0 ° min to max 2.5 ° 2.5 2.0 °
Arrival Rollout 99.88Total landing distance 636 m, 42 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 636 m42 % of runway.
99.7 % Runway alignment max 4.17 m left4.17 m left to 0.24 m right 4.17 0.14 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.06 g 1.06 1.00 g
Info Average speed 42 kt30 kt min to max 52 kt 52 30 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °1.6 ° min to max 2.4 ° 2.1 2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 1.1 0.4 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 17 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 14 kt4 kt min to max 30 kt 30 10 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °2.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 2.2 3.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.5 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 1.01 0.99 g
Arrival Taxi 97.50Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 5 kt0 kt min to max 10 kt 9 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 2 ktmax 4 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °2.3 ° min to max 3.8 ° 3.4 3.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 7 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 78 kt with 0.5° of pitch. Climb 3 held close to its 89 kt target, at 93 kt on average.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 89120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF0.5° off6° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 25 kt 2.9° 0 s
Liftoff375 m · target 67 78 kt 0.5° 15.4 s
35 ft595 m · 5.9 s after liftoff 80 kt 6.4° 21.3 s
Climb 31,852 m · 393 ft to 433 ft · target 89 93 kt avg 6.7° 51.7 s
End of Climb 31,983 m · 433 ft 93 kt 7.2° 54.7 s

Takeoff from KAST 32

Taxi lightsFail
Off
Takeoff roll100.00
512m38 %
Rotation speed100.00
77kttarget 67, 10 fast
Liftoff speed
78kt
Runway alignment100.00
2.94m R
Bounce on takeoff80.00
Yes
Climb 3 speed100.00
93kttarget 89
Rate of climb100.00
230fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 433 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 703 m of runway left; then climbing at 660 fpm on average to 433 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

500 ft250 ft0CLIMB 393 kt avgtarget 89THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 78 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,362 m runway.

Rolled from 64 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 1.9 m at the widest, and lifted off 1.6 m right. Airborne 32 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 1.86 m LROLL 64 M INAirborne 438 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 438 m of 1,362 m · 32 %
Behind the start of the roll, 64 mTakeoff roll, 375 m Left ahead, 923 m

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.

Seven checks, one gate500 ft 85.716 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate530 fpm
On glideslope4.9°
On centreline2.5° off
On speed+8.0 kt
Wings level4° bank

At the 500 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 1.0 nm, about 580 ft above the runway, to the threshold, after the 500 ft gate. The last to settle was the centreline.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Landing flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KTMK 31

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3.5° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 1.7 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 230 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3.5° here, which is about 370 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 60 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,5501,1808004303.5° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND564268500 ft gate6 of 7on centreline762 ft · 79 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 156 m right of the centreline at 1.7 nm, then inside the band from 1.0 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND29 m R1 m R108 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 36 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +1 kt and +24 kt on the approach speed of 71 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 71+6 kt+2 kt+4 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KTMK 31

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
41ft
Threshold speed100.00
74kttarget 71, 3 fast
Centreline offset100.00
2.53m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
434m
Centreline100.00
0.45m L
Speed100.00
61kttarget 71 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-90fpm
Impact100.00
1.13G
BouncesOk
None
The flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

The crosswind

3 kt across from the left, which takes about 3° of crab to hold the centreline at 61 kt. Touched down with 3° of it still on, 2° of bank.

Wind 310° at 8 kt · 7 kt head · 3 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 54 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 10 s, an average deceleration of 0.13 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

020406030 kt · 210 mtouchdown218 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 41 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 16 ft. Touched down 434 m in, 130 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

41 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 16 ft · −288 fpm · −1° · 73 ktdescent slowed at 1 ft · −33 fpm · 3°−90 fpm · 2.5° nose up · 61 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 41 ft, down at 434 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 290 fpm at the flare to 90 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.5° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−3°4°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−90 fpm at touchdown2.5° at touchdown, +3.5° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,524 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 5.3 m left on the rollout, back to 0.2 m left by the end.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 3 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 434 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 434 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 630 m of 1,524 m · 41 %
In the air over the runway, 434 mRollout, 195 m Left over, 894 m
Rollout distance100.00
195m41 % used
Rollout alignment99.73
4.17m L

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Flight narrative

The Diamond DA40 departed KAST Astoria Regional Airport on runway 32. The take-off roll was 512 m, using 38 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 77 kt. Local weather at departure was 14 °C with wind 6 kt from 339°, giving a 1 kt cross-wind and a 6 kt head-wind.

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 34 seconds, averaging 450 fpm and reaching 93 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then climbed from 456 ft asl to 2,527 ft asl in 3 minutes while covering 5 nm, remaining overhead KAST Astoria. Level flight continued at 2,800 ft asl for 8 minutes, covering 17 nm, beginning 2 nm south of Jeffers Garden. A further climb from 2,819 ft asl to 3,420 ft asl lasted 2 minutes and covered 3 nm, starting 6 nm north-east of Nehalem. The aircraft then cruised level at 3,500 ft asl for 7 minutes, covering 14 nm, beginning 3 nm north-east of Nehalem. Descent began from 2,999 ft asl to 812 ft asl in 5 minutes, covering 11 nm, starting 1 nm north-east of Idaville.

For the final approach to runway 31 at KTMK Tillamook Airport, descent from 930 ft agl to 75 ft agl was completed in 84 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, speed, and wings level; the centreline check was not met. The aircraft was configured on final with gear down and landing flaps.

Touchdown occurred on runway 31 with a threshold speed of 74 kt. The flare was described as perfect, with little round-out. Touchdown distance was 434 m, speed 61 kt, and rate -90 fpm; runway touchdown alignment was perfect and there was no bounce. Total landing distance was 636 m, representing 42 % of the 1,524 m runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good. Local weather at landing was 16 °C with wind 8 kt from 310°, giving a 3 kt cross-wind and a 7 kt head-wind.

After landing, the aircraft taxied to parking in 3 minutes, covering less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 56 nm in 34 minutes and used 10 kg of fuel.

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