Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Maintain the centreline
See Departure Roll
A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 11 stages, 10 in the score
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 56 kt with 3.9° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 99 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 563 ft of runway left.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 1,875 ft runway.
Rolled from 506 ft in, drifted left of the centreline, 14 ft at the widest, and lifted off 14 ft left. Airborne 46 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
High from 1.2 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to 380 ft over).
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 1,200 ft left of the centreline at 1.2 nm, then inside the band from 0.6 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −8 kt and +3 kt on the approach speed of 65 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
6 kt across from the right, which takes about 7° of crab to hold the centreline at 49 kt. Touched down with 7° of it still on, wings level.
Wind 340° at 7 kt · 3 kt head · 6 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 3,379 ft of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 20 ft, 30 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 464 ft in, 536 ft short of the ideal 1,000 ft.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 3,379 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 500 fpm at 20 ft to 90 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.8° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 3,379 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 10 ft left of the centreline.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 464 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.08 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
This flight was conducted in a PA28 Warrior II aircraft, departing from Cheboygan County Airport (KSLH) in Michigan, United States. The taxiing process from the parking area to the runway took approximately 1 minute and covered a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The departure roll took place on runway 35, with a takeoff distance of 379 feet, which is 20% of the runway length. The aircraft lifted off at a speed of 56 knots.
The local weather conditions at the time of departure were characterized by a temperature of 61°F and a wind speed of 7 knots from a direction of 339°. This resulted in a crosswind of 1 knot and a headwind of 7 knots. The aircraft began its enroute climb after departing the airport, reaching an altitude of 1,778 feet above sea level (asl) from an initial altitude of 735 feet asl. This climb, which lasted for 2 minutes, covered a distance of 3 nautical miles.
Following the climb, the aircraft entered a level cruise phase, which lasted for 4 minutes and covered a distance of 4 nautical miles. This phase began 3 miles north of the Cheboygan County Airport. The final approach to runway 28 at Bois Blanc Airport (6Y1) was conducted from the east, with the aircraft heading 278.0° at an altitude of 542 feet above ground level (agl) and a distance of 1 nautical mile from the runway threshold.
The landing on runway 28 was successful, with the aircraft touching down at a speed of 49 knots and a distance of 457 feet. The touchdown rate was excellent at -91 feet per minute, and the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 10 feet from the centerline. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were similar to those at the time of departure, with a temperature of 61°F and a wind speed of 7 knots from a direction of 339°, resulting in a crosswind of 6 knots and a headwind of 3 knots.
The total flight distance was 7 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 7 minutes. The aircraft used a total of 5 pounds of fuel during the flight.
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