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LIPR
Rimini, Italy
Runway 31
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight1,175 kg
Fuel117 kg
Wind190° · 3 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

98.66 %
LIPR
Rimini, Italy
Runway 31
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight1,175 kg
Fuel105 kg
Wind190° · 3 kn · 2 kn cross
4 Oct 2025 0:25 17 nm Tecnam P2006T MKII 12 kg
Departure Score
98.16 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
97.81 %

What went well

Touched down at -130 fpm — a soft arrival
Straight touchdown — 2.80 m off the centreline, no bounce
1.14 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was too high at 88 kt at 80 %, Flare profile at 83 %, −0.46 points
Departure Roll — Liftoff speed was 72 kt at 80 %, −0.36 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 4.60 m left at 94 %, −0.12 points
Arrival Final 4 — Heading variation -2.9 ° at 88 %, −0.06 points

Next time

Departure

Ease the nose up sooner to lift off at 60 kt instead of letting speed build on the ground.

What happened: The aircraft lifted off at 72 kt, 12 kt above the target liftoff speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 60 kt at liftoff

See Departure Roll

Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 16 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 95.72Departure roll runway 31 at LIPR Federico Fellini International Airport. Takeoff distance 73 m 3 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 72 kt. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 3 kt at 190 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Tailwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 73 m3 % of runway
80 % Liftoff speed was 72 ktTarget 60 kt
99 % Runway alignment max 3.44 m left3.44 m left to 0.00 m left 3.44 0.84 m
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.12 g 0.99 1.12 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °1.2 ° min to max 7.0 ° 1.2 7.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.1 1.1 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 1 ft agl · 73 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 1 ft agl · 73 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 1 ft agl · 73 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1 ft agl · 73 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 1 ft agl · 73 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 1 ft agl · 73 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1 ft agl · 73 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 1 ft agl · 73 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1 ft agl · 73 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1 ft agl · 73 kt
Departure Climb 1 98.85Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 31 LIPR Federico Fellini International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.5 °
100 % Average speed 74 kt72 kt min to max 76 kt 72 75 kt
95 % Average bank angle 2.5 °0.1 ° min to max 3.8 ° 1.2 3.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.97 g min to max 1.21 g 1.14 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 545 fpm367 fpm min to max 606 fpm 367 606 fpm
Info Average altitude 23 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 49 ft agl 0 49 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.2 °7.2 ° min to max 8.8 ° 7.2 8.4 °
Departure Climb 2 98.68Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 31 LIPR Federico Fellini International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.7 °0.5 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.5 1.3 °
100 % Average speed 78 kt75 kt min to max 93 kt 75 93 kt
95 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 4.0 ° 3.8 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.87 g min to max 1.07 g 0.99 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 622 fpm378 fpm min to max 813 fpm 606 704 fpm
Info Average altitude 122 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 382 ft agl 50 382 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.4 °6.5 ° min to max 9.6 ° 8.4 8.8 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 69 ft agl · 76 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 250 ft agl · 81 kt
Departure Climb 3 99.40Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 31 LIPR Federico Fellini International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 2.0 °1.5 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.5 2.1 °
100 % Average speed 96 kt92 kt min to max 99 kt 93 92 kt
97 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 0.9 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.87 g min to max 1.10 g 1.07 0.95 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 744 fpm502 fpm min to max 1,056 fpm 850 800 fpm
Info Average altitude 690 ft agl397 ft agl min to max 989 ft agl 397 989 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °6.2 ° min to max 9.7 ° 9.7 7.5 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 973 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 973 ft agl · 94 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Rimini (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Climbing from 1,032 ft asl to 3,882 ft asl, an increase of 2,850 ft in 5 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 98 kt84 kt min to max 106 kt 92 93 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.8 °0.0 ° min to max 23.9 ° 0.7 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.84 g min to max 1.13 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 606 fpm-15 fpm min to max 930 fpm 763 532 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,055 ft asl1,032 ft asl min to max 3,882 ft asl 1,032 3,882 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.8 °1.9 ° min to max 9.0 ° 7.5 7.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 1,194 ft agl · 97 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 1,194 ft agl · 97 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 1,216 ft agl · 100 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 3,872 ft agl · 99 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 3,872 ft agl · 99 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile east of Rimini (Emilia-Romagna, Italy) and lasted 12 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±697 ft of 3,939 ft asl3,925 ft asl min to max 3,955 ft asl 3,938 3,944 ft asl
100 % Average speed 122 kt97 kt min to max 126 kt 97 122 kt
100 % Average bank angle 15.3 °0.0 ° min to max 26.0 ° 0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.95 g min to max 1.13 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °1.3 ° min to max 3.8 ° 3.8 1.8 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3,890 ft agl · 132 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 3,890 ft agl · 132 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 3,756 ft agl · 133 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 3,756 ft agl · 133 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3,882 ft agl · 132 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 3,931 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 3,931 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 3,931 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 3,931 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 3,926 ft agl · 130 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Riccione (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Descent from 3,871 ft asl to 2,333 ft asl, a decrease of 1,538 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 131 kt124 kt min to max 135 kt 127 124 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.06 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -938 fpm-1,205 fpm min to max -740 fpm -763 -1,023 fpm
Info Average altitude 3,167 ft asl2,333 ft asl min to max 3,871 ft asl 3,871 2,333 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.3 °-3.5 ° min to max -1.3 ° -1.6 -2.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 3,628 ft agl · 143 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 3,628 ft agl · 143 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north of Gabicce Mare (Marche, Italy) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±615 ft of 1,855 ft asl1,572 ft asl min to max 2,298 ft asl 2,298 1,572 ft asl
100 % Average speed 99 kt85 kt min to max 123 kt 123 100 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.0 °0.0 ° min to max 17.8 ° 7.1 3.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.79 g min to max 1.38 g 1.05 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °-3.8 ° min to max 7.6 ° -2.1 -3.2 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,810 ft agl · 88 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,857 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,700 ft agl · 102 kt
Arrival Final 4 98.78Approaching runway 31 at LIPR Federico Fellini International Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,531 ft agl to 891 ft agl. A decrease of 640 ft in 32 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.2 °2.8 ° min to max 3.6 °Target 3.0 ° 3.6 2.8 °
100 % Average speed 108 kt101 kt min to max 111 kt 101 109 kt
88 % Heading variation -2.9 °-3.6 ° min to max -2.2 ° -3.6 -2.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.1 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.86 g min to max 1.08 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -1,152 fpm-1,307 fpm min to max -881 fpm -939 -1,103 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,192 ft agl891 ft agl min to max 1,531 ft agl 1,531 891 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -4.7 °-6.0 ° min to max -3.2 ° -3.2 -4.9 °
33.253.53.7548509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-670-503-335-1680168335503670Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 3 99.92Approaching runway 31 at LIPR Federico Fellini International Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 855 ft agl to 666 ft agl. A decrease of 189 ft in 32 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.7 °2.4 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 2.7 3.1 °
100 % Average speed 102 kt93 kt min to max 109 kt 109 93 kt
99 % Heading variation -1.7 °-2.1 ° min to max -1.3 ° -2.1 -1.3 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.1 ° min to max 2.9 ° 0.5 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.89 g min to max 1.18 g 0.99 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -393 fpm-1,136 fpm min to max 222 fpm -1,093 -36 fpm
Info Average altitude 702 ft agl662 ft agl min to max 855 ft agl 855 666 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-5.0 ° min to max 3.6 ° -5.0 1.5 °
22.252.52.7536006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-300-225-150-75075150225300Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 99.76Approaching runway 31 at LIPR Federico Fellini International Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 665 ft agl to 349 ft agl. A decrease of 316 ft in 33 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.3 °3.2 ° min to max 3.4 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 3.2 °
100 % Average speed 97 kt93 kt min to max 100 kt 93 99 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.6 °-1.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -1.2 -0.1 °
99 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° 1.7 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.86 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 0.94 g
Info Average VSI -529 fpm-763 fpm min to max -33 fpm -33 -704 fpm
Info Average altitude 528 ft agl349 ft agl min to max 665 ft agl 665 349 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-1.9 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 -0.7 °
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600650700Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-130-98-65-330336598130Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 99.80Approaching runway 31 at LIPR Federico Fellini International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 338 ft agl to 38 ft agl. A decrease of 300 ft in 30 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.5 °1.8 ° min to max 3.3 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 1.8 °
100 % Average speed 92 kt88 kt min to max 98 kt 98 88 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.1 0.1 °
99 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 2.2 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.90 g min to max 1.10 g 1.06 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -558 fpm-915 fpm min to max -428 fpm -638 -631 fpm
Info Average altitude 100 ft agl38 ft agl min to max 338 ft agl 338 38 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.2 °-4.1 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.3 -1.0 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 90.32Landing on runway 31 at LIPR Federico Fellini International Airport, runway length 2,376 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was too high at 88 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
80 % Threshold speed was too high at 88 kt. Target 70 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
83 % Very good landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.03 m left0.03 m left to 0.01 m left 0.02 0.03 m
96 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 3.8 ° 1.1 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.19 g 1.03 1.02 g
Info Average speed 80 kt70 kt min to max 88 kt 88 70 kt
Info Average VSI -172 fpm-629 fpm min to max 4 fpm -629 -115 fpm
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl2 ft agl min to max 28 ft agl 28 2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °-0.9 ° min to max 4.9 ° -0.9 4.9 °
07515022530037545052560001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525600-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 98.60Touchdown point was 100 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 70 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -115 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 3 kt at 190 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Tailwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Touchdown rate was -115 fpm.
92 % Touchdown distance was 534 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 70 ktTarget below 70 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.80 m left2.76 m left 2.74 2.80 m
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.4 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.4 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g1.02 g min to max 1.14 g 1.02 1.05 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 70 kt69 kt min to max 70 kt 70 69 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °4.9 ° min to max 5.3 ° 4.9 5.3 °
Arrival Rollout 97.46Total landing distance 749 m, 32 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 749 m32 % of runway.
94 % Runway alignment max 4.60 m left4.60 m left to 0.00 m left 2.81 2.61 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 1.05 1.00 g
Info Average speed 67 kt37 kt min to max 71 kt 71 37 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °0.8 ° min to max 5.4 ° 5.3 0.9 °
Info Average bank angle 1.5 °0.2 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.7 0.5 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 22 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 23 kt13 kt min to max 32 kt 32 13 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °0.6 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.7 0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.01 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 72 kt with 6.3° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF6.3° off8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH020406080 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 69 kt 1.2° 0 s
Liftoff68 m · target 60 72 kt 6.3° 1.5 s
35 ft235 m · 4.2 s after liftoff 75 kt 8.3° 5.7 s
End of Climb 34,195 m · 990 ft 92 kt 7.5° 87 s

Takeoff from LIPR 31

Takeoff roll100.00
1,323m56 %
Liftoff speed80.00
72kttarget 60, 12 fast
Runway alignment98.59
3.44m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb98.85
545fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 990 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 887 m of runway left; then climbing at 690 fpm on average to 990 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 72 ktSCALE CHANGES3.1 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,376 m runway.

Rolled from 1,255 m in, drifted 3.6 m left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 55 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS3 kn75 %widest 3.60 m LROLL 1,255 M INAirborne 1,322 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,322 m of 2,376 m · 56 %
Behind the start of the roll, 1,255 mTakeoff roll, 68 m Left ahead, 1,054 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

At the 1,000 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.

At the 500 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 1.4 to 0.5 nm, then not again: fast from 0.5 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to LIPR 31

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 290 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,6046594012291,000 ft gate6 of 7on centreline1,051 ft · 111 kt500 ft gate6 of 7on centreline602 ft · 96 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 596 m right of the centreline, then inside the band from 1.4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND596 m R120 m R5 m R4 m R317 m R68 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 41 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 24 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 0.5 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +15 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 81+19 kt+15 kt+19 kt+15 kt+7 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on LIPR 31

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
27ft
Threshold speed79.53
87kttarget 81, 6 fast
Centreline offset100.00
0.03m L

Touchdown

Past threshold91.58
534m
Centreline100.00
2.80m L
Speed100.00
70kttarget 78 or less
Touchdown rate99.47
-130fpm
Impact100.00
1.14G
BouncesOk
None
The flare83.26

Very good landing flare

The crosswind

Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.

Wind 190° at 3 kt · 1 kt tail · 2 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 72 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 9 s, an average deceleration of 0.25 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 132 m30 kt · 250 mtouchdown260 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 27 ft, 23 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 534 m in, 229 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

27 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −130 fpm · 4.9° nose up · 70 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 27 ft, down at 534 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 590 fpm at 25 ft to 130 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.8° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−130 fpm at touchdown4.9° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,376 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 2.8 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 4 m left at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 534 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 534 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 728 m of 2,376 m · 31 %
In the air over the runway, 534 mRollout, 194 m Left over, 1,648 m
Rollout distance100.00
194m30 % used
Rollout alignment94.36
4.60m L

The rest of the report

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Flight narrative

The Tecnam P2006T MKII aircraft departed from runway 31 at LIPR Federico Fellini International Airport, covering a takeoff distance of 73 meters, which is just 3% of the runway length. The aircraft lifted off at a speed of 72 knots, and the local weather conditions at the time of departure were characterized by a temperature of 16 degrees Celsius and a gentle wind blowing at 3 knots from a direction of 190 degrees.

As the aircraft climbed away from the airport, it began its enroute climb, which started overhead the city of Rimini in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. The climb was steep, with the aircraft ascending from an altitude of 1,032 feet above sea level to 3,882 feet in just 5 minutes, covering a distance of 1 nautical mile. This impressive climb rate allowed the aircraft to reach a cruising altitude quickly, and it then leveled off and began its enroute level cruise.

The enroute level cruise lasted for 12 minutes, during which the aircraft covered a distance of 4 nautical miles. This was followed by a descent, which started overhead the town of Riccione in the Emilia-Romagna region. The descent was equally impressive, with the aircraft dropping from an altitude of 3,871 feet to 2,333 feet in just 2 minutes, covering a distance of 4 nautical miles. The aircraft then leveled off again and began another enroute level cruise, this time lasting for just 3 minutes and covering a distance of 2 nautical miles.

As the aircraft approached the end of its journey, it began its final approach to runway 31 at LIPR Federico Fellini International Airport. The approach was made from the southeast, with the aircraft heading 299.0 degrees at a distance of 4 nautical miles from the runway. The aircraft then touched down on the runway, with the touchdown point being 98 meters beyond the touchdown zone. The touchdown speed was a little fast at 70 knots, but the touchdown rate was smooth at -115 feet per minute.

The runway touchdown alignment was very good, and the runway rollout alignment was also excellent. The total landing distance was 749 meters, which is just 32% of the runway length. The aircraft used a total of 12 kilograms of fuel during the flight, which lasted for 25 minutes and covered a total distance of 17 nautical miles.

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