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KBFL
Bakersfield, United States
Runway 30R
Elevation509 ft asl
Weight1,236 kg
Fuel208 kg
Wind330° · 3 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

94.86 %
KSMX
Santa Maria, United States
Runway 30
Elevation217 ft asl
Weight1,207 kg
Fuel180 kg
Wind270° · 3 kn · 2 kn cross
25 May 2025 0:57 91 nm Piper PA28 Turbo Arrow IV 29 kg
Departure Score
88.46 %
Enroute Score
99.69 %
Arrival Score
96.43 %

What went well

Touched down at -272 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 288 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 37 ft and 77 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Taxi — peak taxi speed 43 kt at 0 %, −2.67 points
Arrival Final 1 — bank angle up to 10.9 ° at 79 %, Approach angle 3.7 ° at 81 %, −0.62 points
Departure Roll — Runway alignment max 15.14 m at 56 %, −0.59 points

Next time

Monitor your taxi speed

See Departure Taxi

Twenty knots on a monitor produces the visual sensation of about ten. The advice to "taxi at a walking pace" cannot fix this, because your sense of walking pace is exactly the thing that's broken. Put the groundspeed readout in your scan and obey it for the next fifty flights, the way a student pilot leans on the airspeed indicator before learning to read attitude.

Read more in How to Taxi Anywhere

Start to finish · 21 stages, 19 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 60.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 2 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 35 kt0 kt min to max 43 kt 1 15 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 12 ktmax 16 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-0.3 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.4 1.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.4 0.5 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 2 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 30R at KBFL Meadows Field, Average speed was 24 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 23 kt0 kt min to max 40 kt 17 40 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-0.1 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.0 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.4 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 91.18Departure roll runway 30R at KBFL Meadows Field. Takeoff distance 389 m 17 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 78 kt. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 2 kt at 329 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 389 m17 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 78 ktTarget 70 kt
56 % Runway alignment max 15.14 m15.14 m left to 0.00 m left 8.34 15.14 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 1.08 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.4 ° min to max 4.5 ° 0.5 4.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.2 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.4 1.7 °
Departure Climb 1 98.66Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 30R KBFL Meadows Field.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.4 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.4 -0.3 °
100 % Average speed 84 kt78 kt min to max 89 kt 78 89 kt
95 % Average bank angle 2.5 °0.4 ° min to max 4.0 ° 1.8 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.96 g min to max 1.11 g 1.09 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 338 fpm297 fpm min to max 388 fpm 365 388 fpm
Info Average altitude 25 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 49 ft agl 1 49 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.5 °4.6 ° min to max 6.6 ° 4.6 6.0 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 34 ft agl · 89 kt
Departure Climb 2 99.93Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 30R KBFL Meadows Field.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.3 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 92 kt89 kt min to max 104 kt 89 104 kt
99.7 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° 0.4 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.94 g min to max 1.06 g 1.06 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 677 fpm395 fpm min to max 1,210 fpm 395 990 fpm
Info Average altitude 108 ft agl49 ft agl min to max 399 ft agl 49 399 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.8 °6.0 ° min to max 8.5 ° 6.1 6.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 171 ft agl · 98 kt
Departure Climb 3 92.53Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 30R KBFL Meadows Field.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -1.8 °-2.9 ° min to max -1.0 ° -1.0 -2.9 °
100 % Average speed 103 kt100 kt min to max 107 kt 105 100 kt
63 % Average bank angle 4.1 °0.0 ° min to max 16.2 ° 1.5 16.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.05 g 1.02 1.00 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,559 fpm1,019 fpm min to max 1,900 fpm 1,019 1,392 fpm
Info Average altitude 727 ft agl416 ft agl min to max 1,021 ft agl 416 1,021 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.6 °6.6 ° min to max 11.1 ° 6.6 9.4 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north west of KBFL Meadows Field Bakersfield (California, United States). Climbing from 1,529 ft asl to 9,127 ft asl, an increase of 7,598 ft in 7 minutes and covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 109 kt97 kt min to max 125 kt 101 120 kt
100 % Average bank angle 12.1 °0.0 ° min to max 35.4 ° 18.3 5.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.84 g min to max 1.19 g 1.00 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 983 fpm-319 fpm min to max 2,659 fpm 1,361 240 fpm
Info Average altitude 6,094 ft asl1,529 ft asl min to max 9,127 ft asl 1,529 9,127 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.7 °-1.6 ° min to max 13.9 ° 9.2 0.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 6,258 ft agl · 124 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 6,258 ft agl · 124 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 6,753 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 6,753 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Parking Brake On 8,389 ft agl · 143 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 6 miles south west of Rosedale (California, United States) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 12 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 9,508 ft asl9,150 ft asl min to max 9,644 ft asl 9,150 9,277 ft asl
100 % Average speed 122 kt117 kt min to max 126 kt 122 126 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 8.2 ° 0.4 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.05 g 1.01 1.05 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-6.3 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.3 -6.3 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 8,961 ft agl · 143 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 8,961 ft agl · 143 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 9,323 ft agl · 145 kt
Info Parking Brake On 9,324 ft agl · 144 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 9,323 ft agl · 144 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north east of Ford City (California, United States). Descent from 9,132 ft asl to 3,286 ft asl, a decrease of 5,846 ft in 10 minutes and covering 20 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 115 kt94 kt min to max 125 kt 125 94 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.3 °0.0 ° min to max 35.5 ° 0.1 13.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.86 g min to max 1.22 g 1.04 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -544 fpm-1,286 fpm min to max 93 fpm -384 74 fpm
Info Average altitude 4,763 ft asl3,281 ft asl min to max 9,132 ft asl 9,132 3,286 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-5.6 ° min to max 3.8 ° -1.5 3.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 1,260 ft agl · 130 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 1,260 ft agl · 130 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south of L88 New Cuyama New Cuyama (California, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 3,278 ft asl3,203 ft asl min to max 3,329 ft asl 3,287 3,239 ft asl
100 % Average speed 108 kt92 kt min to max 118 kt 94 115 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.6 °0.0 ° min to max 21.3 ° 14.9 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.92 g min to max 1.12 g 1.02 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-2.1 ° min to max 4.6 ° 3.8 -0.6 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile west of New Cuyama (California, United States). Descent from 3,236 ft asl to 2,527 ft asl, a decrease of 709 ft in 2 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 111 kt106 kt min to max 116 kt 116 107 kt
100 % Average bank angle 14.6 °0.0 ° min to max 25.4 ° 1.4 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.90 g min to max 1.16 g 1.02 0.95 g
Info Average VSI -473 fpm-1,298 fpm min to max 159 fpm -184 -1,298 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,996 ft asl2,527 ft asl min to max 3,247 ft asl 3,236 2,527 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-6.6 ° min to max 2.2 ° -0.4 -6.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 663 ft agl · 118 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 538 ft agl · 116 kt
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile west of New Cuyama (California, United States). Climbing from 2,482 ft asl to 8,179 ft asl, an increase of 5,697 ft in 7 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 96 kt75 kt min to max 141 kt 106 141 kt
100 % Average bank angle 8.8 °0.0 ° min to max 37.9 ° 0.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.82 g min to max 1.22 g 1.08 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 828 fpm-1,316 fpm min to max 2,360 fpm -1,316 153 fpm
Info Average altitude 4,118 ft asl2,295 ft asl min to max 8,179 ft asl 2,482 8,179 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.9 °-4.7 ° min to max 14.3 ° -4.7 -1.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 173 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 214 ft agl · 90 kt
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 7 miles west of New Cuyama (California, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 8,186 ft asl8,132 ft asl min to max 8,244 ft asl 8,191 8,132 ft asl
100 % Average speed 146 kt137 kt min to max 152 kt 146 137 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.2 ° min to max 4.0 ° 2.8 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.92 g min to max 1.12 g 1.01 0.92 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-4.5 ° min to max -0.4 ° -1.6 -4.5 °
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started 12 miles west of New Cuyama (California, United States). Descent from 8,005 ft asl to 2,194 ft asl, a decrease of 5,810 ft in 12 minutes and covering 25 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 136 kt122 kt min to max 149 kt 138 122 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.2 °0.1 ° min to max 38.4 ° 0.6 3.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.79 g min to max 1.26 g 1.04 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -655 fpm-2,550 fpm min to max 730 fpm -595 148 fpm
Info Average altitude 4,634 ft asl2,194 ft asl min to max 8,005 ft asl 8,005 2,194 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.4 °-9.7 ° min to max 2.0 ° -3.8 0.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 4 97.17Enroute level cruise started 1 mile west of Santa Maria (California, United States) and lasted 4 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
91 % Average altitude 1,493 ft asl470 ft asl min to max 2,276 ft asl 2,172 470 ft asl
100 % Average speed 117 kt91 kt min to max 138 kt 120 91 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.5 °0.1 ° min to max 38.0 ° 0.2 3.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.86 g min to max 1.25 g 1.02 1.07 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -2.2 °-12.4 ° min to max 7.2 ° -2.1 -2.6 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,520 ft agl · 131 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,288 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,037 ft agl · 107 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 785 ft agl · 116 kt
Arrival Final 1 90.70Approaching runway 30 at KSMX Santa Maria Public Airport Captain G Allan Hancock Field from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 229 ft agl to 74 ft agl. A decrease of 155 ft in 9 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
81 % Approach angle 3.7 °2.9 ° min to max 5.1 °Target 3.5 ° 5.1 2.9 °
100 % Average speed 79 kt78 kt min to max 87 kt 87 78 kt
93 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.7 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.7 0.1 °
79 % Average bank angle 4.1 °0.3 ° min to max 10.9 ° 3.9 6.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.91 g min to max 1.11 g 0.92 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -903 fpm-981 fpm min to max -765 fpm -765 -924 fpm
Info Average altitude 109 ft agl74 ft agl min to max 229 ft agl 229 74 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.2 °-4.2 ° min to max -1.7 ° -4.2 -2.7 °
00.250.50.751050100150Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 98.13Landing on runway 30 at KSMX Santa Maria Public Airport Captain G Allan Hancock Field, runway length 2,441 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 78 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 78 kt. Target 75 kt
97 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
88 % Average bank angle 3.4 °0.1 ° min to max 6.6 ° 6.4 2.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.93 g min to max 1.25 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average speed 71 kt64 kt min to max 78 kt 78 64 kt
Info Average VSI -405 fpm-925 fpm min to max -105 fpm -924 -271 fpm
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl-6 ft agl min to max 37 ft agl 37 -6 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.6 °-2.5 ° min to max 4.7 ° -2.5 3.3 °
07515022530001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-25-20-15-10-50510152025Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 98.26Touchdown distance was good at 286 m. Touchdown speed at 64 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -271 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 12 °C. Wind 3 kt at 269 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
94 % Touchdown VSI was -271 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 286 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 64 ktTarget below 72 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 0.61 m0.52 m left 0.44 0.50 m
95 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.2 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.6 2.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.14 g1.02 g min to max 1.26 g 1.02 1.12 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 62 kt60 kt min to max 64 kt 64 60 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-1.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.3 -0.9 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 376 m, 15 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 376 m15 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 3.04 m0.42 m left to 2.63 m right 0.42 -2.63 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.10 g 1.10 0.99 g
Info Average speed 47 kt34 kt min to max 56 kt 56 34 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.0 °-2.3 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.7 -1.1 °
Info Average bank angle 1.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 2.3 2.3 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 16 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 15 kt7 kt min to max 28 kt 28 10 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-1.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° -0.8 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.2 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 1.00 g

Events

Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 7 kt
Arrival Taxi 95.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 13 kt0 kt min to max 21 kt 11 5 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 11 ktmax 16 kt 0 5 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-1.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.9 -0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.5 0.2 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Flaps Position 2 2 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 3 2 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 78 kt with 3.3° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF3.3° off5° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 40 kt 0.5° 0 s
Liftoff323 m · target 70 78 kt 3.3° 10.6 s
35 ft651 m · 7.8 s after liftoff 86 kt 4.9° 18.4 s
End of Climb 33,103 m · 1,021 ft 100 kt 9.4° 67 s

Takeoff from KBFL 30R

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
389m17 %
Liftoff speed100.00
78kttarget 70, 8 fast
Runway alignment55.92
15.14m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb98.66
337fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 1,021 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,425 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,080 fpm on average to 1,021 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,250 ft625 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 78 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,256 m runway.

Rolled from 180 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 14 m at the widest, and lifted off 15 m left. Airborne 22 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 14.49 m LROLL 180 M INAirborne 503 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 503 m of 2,256 m · 22 %
Behind the start of the roll, 180 mTakeoff roll, 323 m Left ahead, 1,753 m

The approach to KSMX 30

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3.5° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 0.8 nm, where the final began, to 0.4 nm (up to 420 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3.5° here, which is about 370 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 60 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,5501,1808004303.5° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND418
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 99 m right of the centreline at 0.8 nm.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND96 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 0.8 nm, where the final began, to 0.3 nm (up to +37 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140160 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 75+29 kt+3 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on KSMX 30

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
37ft
Threshold speed100.00
77kttarget 75, 2 fast
Centreline offset100.00
0.04m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
288m
Centreline100.00
0.61m L
Speed100.00
64kttarget 72 or less
Touchdown rate94.05
-272fpm
Impact100.00
1.26G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 5° left of the track, 3° of bank.

Wind 270° at 3 kt · 2 kt head · 2 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 62 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 6 s, an average deceleration of 0.32 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 4 m30 kt · 106 mtouchdown111 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 37 ft, 13 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 288 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

37 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −271 fpm · 3.3° nose up · 64 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 37 ft, down at 288 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 880 fpm at 37 ft to 270 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.9° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−3°4°10°touchdown−271 fpm at touchdown3.3° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,441 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 1.7 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 288 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 288 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 360 m of 2,441 m · 15 %
In the air over the runway, 288 mRollout, 72 m Left over, 2,082 m
Rollout distance100.00
72m15 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
2.63m R

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Flight narrative

The flight in question was conducted in a Piper PA28 Turbo Arrow IV aircraft. The pre-flight taxiing from the parking area to the runway took approximately 2 minutes and covered a distance of 1 nautical mile. The departure roll from runway 30R at KBFL Meadows Field in Bakersfield, California, was successful, with a takeoff distance of 389 meters, which accounted for 17% of the runway length. The liftoff speed was achieved at 78 knots.

The local weather conditions at the time of departure were characterized by a temperature of 29 degrees Celsius, with a wind speed of 2 knots at 329 degrees. The crosswind component was 1 knot, while the headwind component was 2 knots. The aircraft began its enroute climb approximately 1 mile northwest of KBFL Meadows Field, rising from an altitude of 1,529 feet above sea level to 9,127 feet above sea level, an increase of 7,598 feet, in 7 minutes and covering a distance of 11 nautical miles.

Following the initial climb, the aircraft entered a level cruise phase, which started 6 miles southwest of Rosedale, California, and lasted for 5 minutes, covering a distance of 12 nautical miles. The aircraft then began its descent from 9,132 feet above sea level to 3,286 feet above sea level, a decrease of 5,846 feet, in 10 minutes and covering a distance of 20 nautical miles. This descent phase started 1 mile northeast of Ford City, California.

The aircraft then entered another level cruise phase, which began 1 mile south of L88 New Cuyama Airport in New Cuyama, California, and lasted for 2 minutes, covering a distance of 2 nautical miles. The subsequent descent phase started 1 mile west of New Cuyama and resulted in a decrease of 709 feet in altitude, from 3,236 feet above sea level to 2,527 feet above sea level, in 2 minutes and covering a distance of 1 nautical mile.

The aircraft then initiated a climb from 2,482 feet above sea level to 8,179 feet above sea level, an increase of 5,697 feet, in 7 minutes and covering a distance of 7 nautical miles. This climb phase started 1 mile west of New Cuyama. Following the climb, the aircraft entered another level cruise phase, which began 7 miles west of New Cuyama and lasted for 2 minutes, covering a distance of 5 nautical miles.

The aircraft then began its final descent phase, which started 12 miles west of New Cuyama and resulted in a decrease of 5,810 feet in altitude, from 8,005 feet above sea level to 2,194 feet above sea level, in 12 minutes and covering a distance of 25 nautical miles. The subsequent level cruise phase started 1 mile west of Santa Maria, California, and lasted for 4 minutes, covering a distance of 4 nautical miles.

The final approach to runway 30 at KSMX Santa Maria Public Airport, Captain G Allan Hancock Field, was conducted from the south east, with a heading of 309.0 degrees at 0 nautical miles and an altitude of 229 feet above ground level. The landing on runway 30 was successful, with a touchdown distance of 286 meters, which accounted for 15% of the runway length. The touchdown speed was 64 knots, which was within the acceptable range.

The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 12 degrees Celsius, with a wind speed of 3 knots at 269 degrees. The crosswind component was 2 knots, while the headwind component was 2 knots. The total landing distance was 376 meters, and the runway rollout alignment

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