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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Make small rudder corrections against a point at the far end to hold the centreline.
What happened: During the ground roll you drifted 12 m off the runway centreline.
Watch for: Watch runway alignment against the centreline, correcting with small rudder inputs.
See Departure Roll
Arrival
Fly the flare as one continuous check of the sink rate from 34 ft, holding back pressure steadily rather than adjusting pitch piecemeal.
What happened: The flare drifted away from its intended profile rather than tracking it smoothly from 34 ft down to touchdown.
Watch for: Watch radio altitude and VSI through the flare, aiming to arrest the sink smoothly from 34 ft to touchdown.
See Arrival Landing
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 27 stages, 26 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 66 kt with 9.4° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 993 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft with 1,267 m of runway left; then climbing at 610 fpm on average to 993 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 2,403 m runway.
Rolled from 921 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 11 m at the widest, and lifted off 11 m right. Airborne 43 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.
At the 1,000 ft gate: gear still up, no landing flap set and centreline more than 1° off.
At the 500 ft gate: gear still up and no landing flap set.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 1.4 to 0.4 nm, then not again: fast from 0.4 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 210 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 801 m left of the centreline, then inside the band from 2.7 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 38 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 23 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 4 nm to 1.4 nm (up to +50 kt), then inside the band to 0.4 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +17 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Good landing flare
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 3° right of the track, 2° of bank.
Wind 038° at 2 kt · 2 kt head · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 793 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 26 ft, 24 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 526 m in, 221 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 793 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 440 fpm at 25 ft to 110 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.7° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 793 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 4.9 m right on the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
Touched down 526 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 1.09 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a departure roll from runway 30 at Forlì Airport (LIPK), with the Tecnam P2006T MKII taking off in 117 meters, which is just 5% of the runway. The aircraft lifted off at a speed of 66 knots, taking advantage of the favorable weather conditions - a temperature of 28 degrees Celsius and a light wind of 4 knots at a direction of 21 degrees.
As the aircraft climbed out of Forlì Airport, it began its initial climb at an altitude of 1,103 feet above sea level, and within 3 minutes, it had reached 3,980 feet, covering a distance of 3 nautical miles. This marked the start of the enroute level cruise phase, which lasted for 3 minutes and covered 8 nautical miles.
However, the flight soon entered its first descent phase, during which the aircraft lost 576 feet in altitude in just 2 minutes, covering 4 nautical miles. After level cruising for a short while near Cesena, the aircraft began its second descent phase from 3,164 feet to 489 feet, losing 2,676 feet in the process. The flight then entered a series of level cruises and climbs, during which the aircraft covered various distances and changed altitudes.
One of these climbs was particularly notable, as the aircraft increased its altitude by 3,442 feet in just 3 minutes, covering 6 nautical miles. The flight then began its final descent phase, during which it lost 605 feet in altitude in 2 minutes, covering 4 nautical miles. The aircraft then entered another level cruise phase and began its final descent into Lugo Francesco Baracca Airfield (LIDG), where the flight intended to land on runway 03.
As the aircraft began its final approach to runway 03, it was flying at an altitude of 1,472 feet above ground level and was heading at a direction of 47 degrees. The aircraft was at a distance of 4 nautical miles from the airport, and the wind was light, blowing at a speed of 2 knots from a direction of 38 degrees.
The landing was completed with the aircraft touching down at the end of the runway, 708 meters from the start of the threshold. The touchdown point was long, using more than 50% of the available runway, but the touchdown speed was good at 64 knots, and the touchdown rate was perfect at 14 feet per minute. The runway touchdown alignment was also perfect.
After landing, the aircraft taxied off the runway, using the remaining 89% of the runway's length, and the runway rollout alignment was very good. In total, the flight distance was 79 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 51 minutes, consuming 21 kilograms of fuel in the process.
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