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EGPE
Inverness, Scotland
Runway 23
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight565 kg
Fuel54 kg
Wind270° · 3 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

96.42 %
EGPE
Inverness, Scotland
Runway 23
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight563 kg
Fuel52 kg
Wind270° · 3 kn · 2 kn cross
21 May 2024 0:10 5 nm Just Flight PA38 Tomahawk D-EEQI 2 kg
Departure Score
98.15 %
Enroute Score
99.97 %
Arrival Score
88.99 %

What went well

Touched down at -21 fpm — a soft arrival
Threshold crossed at 21 ft and 57 kt — both inside band
1.04 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Arrival Final 1 — Heading variation 1.9 ° at 0 %, bank angle up to 19.6 ° at 56 %, −2.58 points
Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 80 %, Heading variation 0.1 ° at 80 %, −0.72 points
Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, −0.42 points

Top opportunity

Track the centreline on final

Arrival Final 1

Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 15 stages, 13 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 23 at EGPE Inverness, Average speed was 2 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 7 kn0 kn min to max 22 kn 0 22 kn
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-1.7 ° min to max -1.1 ° -1.7 -1.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Departure Roll 95.00Departure roll runway 23 at EGPE Inverness. Takeoff distance 30 m 2 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kn. Local weather - Temperature 30 °C. Wind 2 kn at 269 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 2 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 30 m2 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 60 knTarget 58 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 0.46 m0.12 m left to 0.34 m right -0.05 0.10 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 1.06 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-1.5 ° min to max 1.4 ° -1.5 1.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.7 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 15.2 m agl from runway 23 EGPE Inverness.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 65 kn60 kn min to max 68 kn 60 68 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.8 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g1.01 g min to max 1.19 g 1.08 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 2.8 m/s1.9 m/s min to max 3.8 m/s 1.9 3.8 m/s
Info Average altitude 6.0 m agl0.0 m agl min to max 14.6 m agl 0.0 14.6 m agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.3 °1.8 ° min to max 7.5 ° 1.8 7.5 °
Departure Climb 2 99.23Departure climb to 121.9 m agl from 23 EGPE Inverness.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.8 ° -0.1 0.7 °
100 % Average speed 68 kn63 kn min to max 74 kn 68 74 kn
97 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.3 ° min to max 3.2 ° 1.5 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.89 g min to max 1.09 g 1.05 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 4.6 m/s2.7 m/s min to max 6.1 m/s 3.9 4.5 m/s
Info Average altitude 40.2 m agl14.9 m agl min to max 117.4 m agl 14.9 117.4 m agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °3.1 ° min to max 10.5 ° 7.6 5.7 °
Departure Climb 3 98.37Departure climb to 304.8 m agl from 23 EGPE Inverness.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 1.8 °0.7 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.7 1.4 °
100 % Average speed 98 kn70 kn min to max 110 kn 73 90 kn
92 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 5.1 ° 0.3 2.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.82 g min to max 1.14 g 1.12 0.99 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1.3 m/s-1.5 m/s min to max 6.5 m/s 5.0 0.5 m/s
Info Average altitude 237.2 m agl122.6 m agl min to max 302.4 m agl 122.6 302.4 m agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.7 °-6.4 ° min to max 8.6 ° 7.8 -2.6 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 826 ft agl · 106 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Culloden (Highland, Scotland) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 323 m asl313 m asl min to max 340 m asl 313 340 m asl
100 % Average speed 81 kn64 kn min to max 95 kn 91 66 kn
100 % Average bank angle 10.8 °0.1 ° min to max 27.5 ° 1.7 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.84 g min to max 1.17 g 1.02 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -1.6 °-4.5 ° min to max 1.2 ° -2.4 0.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 967 ft agl · 88 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Balloch (Highland, Scotland). Climbing from 342 m asl to 526 m asl, an increase of 184.2 m in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 67 kn62 kn min to max 72 kn 66 72 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 5.0 ° 0.1 2.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.86 g min to max 1.06 g 0.97 0.96 g
Info Average VSI 3.0 m/s-0.7 m/s min to max 6.2 m/s 2.0 -0.7 m/s
Info Average altitude 445 m asl342 m asl min to max 528 m asl 342 526 m asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.1 °-11.7 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.5 -10.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile west of Croy (Highland, Scotland) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 559 m asl524 m asl min to max 610 m asl 525 606 m asl
100 % Average speed 75 kn70 kn min to max 78 kn 73 77 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 1.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.07 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -8.5 °-10.9 ° min to max -5.0 ° -10.2 -9.9 °
Enroute Descent 99.89Enroute descent started overhead EGPE Inverness Inverness (Highland, Scotland). Descent from 593 m asl to 560 m asl, a decrease of 32.6 m in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 78 kn75 kn min to max 82 kn 75 82 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.7 °3.0 ° min to max 13.4 ° 3.0 13.4 °
99 % Average g force 0.93 g0.73 g min to max 1.25 g 0.73 1.25 g
Info Average VSI -9.3 m/s-10.8 m/s min to max -6.8 m/s -6.8 -10.8 m/s
Info Average altitude 577 m asl560 m asl min to max 593 m asl 593 560 m asl
Info Average pitch angle -21.7 °-23.3 ° min to max -19.2 ° -21.4 -19.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 99.77Arrival started overhead EGPE Inverness Inverness (Highland, Scotland).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 77 kn69 kn min to max 83 kn 83 80 kn
100 % Average bank angle 16.9 °0.3 ° min to max 31.3 ° 14.2 23.6 °
99 % Average g force 1.02 g0.91 g min to max 1.27 g 1.10 1.15 g
Info Average VSI -8.3 m/s-13.5 m/s min to max -4.8 m/s -9.2 -12.6 m/s
Info Average altitude 350 m asl92 m asl min to max 552 m asl 552 92 m asl
Info Average pitch angle -14.5 °-19.0 ° min to max -9.2 ° -17.8 -16.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 1 69.07Approaching runway 23 at EGPE Inverness from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 72.8 m agl to 8.8 m agl. A decrease of 64.0 m in 12 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Approach angle 2.2 °1.5 ° min to max 5.4 °Target 3.0 ° 5.4 1.5 °
100 % Average speed 63 kn58 kn min to max 80 kn 80 58 kn
0 % Heading variation 1.9 °1.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.0 1.0 °
56 % Average bank angle 3.1 °0.1 ° min to max 19.6 ° 19.6 2.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.95 g min to max 1.16 g 1.09 1.10 g
Info Average VSI -3.3 m/s-11.9 m/s min to max -1.9 m/s -11.9 -1.9 m/s
Info Average altitude 18.5 m agl8.8 m agl min to max 72.8 m agl 72.8 8.8 m agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.5 °-15.8 ° min to max 0.2 ° -15.8 0.2 °
00.250.50.751050100150200Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-110-83-55-280285583110Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 91.37Landing on runway 23 at EGPE Inverness, runway length 1,814 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 58 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 58 kn. Target 62 kn
100 % Target 15.2 m agl
80 % Landing and flare profile
80 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 0.1 °
83 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.0 ° min to max 8.5 ° 2.7 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.88 g min to max 1.14 g 1.11 1.02 g
Info Average speed 44 kn34 kn min to max 58 kn 58 34 kn
Info Average VSI -0.3 m/s-1.9 m/s min to max 0.1 m/s -1.9 -0.1 m/s
Info Average altitude 2.3 m agl0.5 m agl min to max 6.5 m agl 6.5 0.5 m agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °-0.5 ° min to max 7.3 ° 0.4 7.3 °
07515022530037545052560067575082590001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525600675750825900-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 96.91Touchdown point was 276 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 34 kn was good. Touchdown rate was perfect at -0.1 m/s. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 30 °C. Wind 3 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 2 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown VSI was -0.1 m/s.
80 % Touchdown distance was 643 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 34 knTarget 44 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 2.30 m1.58 m left 1.41 2.30 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.1 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 1.02 0.99 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 33 kn31 kn min to max 34 kn 34 31 kn
Info Average pitch angle 7.6 °7.3 ° min to max 8.1 ° 7.3 7.9 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 4 ft agl · 42 kt
Arrival Rollout 98.61Total landing distance 929 m, 51 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 929 m51 % of runway.
97 % Runway alignment max 6.42 m2.52 m left to 3.90 m right 2.52 -3.90 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average speed 38 kn31 kn min to max 40 kn 40 31 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-2.1 ° min to max 7.8 ° 7.8 -2.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.1 0.2 °

Events

Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 37 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 7 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 17 kn6 kn min to max 27 kn 27 6 kn
Info Average pitch angle -1.8 °-2.0 ° min to max -1.7 ° -1.8 -1.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.0 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll500 m · 28 %
100.00Liftoff speed59 kt
100.00Runway alignment0.34 m R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
100.00Rate of climb558 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height21 ft
100.00Threshold speed57 kt
80.40Centreline offset0.30 m L

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on EGPE 23

Past threshold79.38
646m
Centreline100.00
2.30m L
Speed100.00
33kt
Touchdown rate100.00
-21fpm
Impact100.00
1.04G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

21 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 21 ft, down at 646 m

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,814 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 646 m past threshold CLEARED

Touched down 646 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 841 m of 1,814 m · 46 %
Rollout distance100.00
195m46 % used
Rollout alignment96.91
3.90m R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 23 at EGPE Inverness in the Piper PA-38 Tomahawk
98.15 %
95 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 23 at EGPE Inverness. Takeoff distance 30 m 2 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kn. Local weather - Temperature 30 °C. Wind 2 kn at 269 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 2 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 30 m using 1.65 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 60 kn - Target 57 kn
Alignment
100 %
0.12 m left to 0.34 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
0 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
60 35 10
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
2 0.5 -1
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,750-20-15-10-505101520 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
100 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 15.2 m agl from runway 23 EGPE Inverness.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
70 65 60
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
8 4.5 1
Climb Rate fpm
Info
800 350 -100
99.23 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 121.9 m agl from 23 EGPE Inverness.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Bank °
96.92 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
11 7 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,300 850 400
98.37 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 304.8 m agl from 23 EGPE Inverness.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
120 90 60
Bank °
91.87 %
6 3 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 1.5 -6
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,300 450 -400
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7500100200300400500 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50.7511.250100200300400500600700800900 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.50.7511.25-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 23 at EGPE Inverness in the Piper PA-38 Tomahawk
Landing Score 88.99 %
69.07 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 23 at EGPE Inverness from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 72.8 m agl to 8.8 m agl. A decrease of 64.0 m in 12 seconds.
Glideslope
89.79 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
0 %
Poor heading alignment
Glideslope °
89.79 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
81 65 50
Alignment
0 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
55.57 %
20 10 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-381 -1,391 -2,400
00.250.50.751050100150200 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-110-83-55-280285583110 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
91.37 %
Landing
Landing on runway 23 at EGPE Inverness, runway length 1,814 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 58 kn.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was slightly below target at 58 kt. Target 62 kt
Flare
80 %
Good landing flare
Centreline ft
80.4 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
83.26 %
9 4.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
58 44 30
Pitch °
Info
8 4 0
Descent Rate fpm
Info
16 -192 -400
07515022530037545052560067575082590001123344657 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300375450525600675750825900-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
96.91 %
Touchdown
Touchdown point was 276 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 34 kn was good. Touchdown rate was perfect at -0.1 m/s. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 30 °C. Wind 3 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 2 kn.
Bounce on touchdown.
Touchdown
100 %
Touchdown rate was perfect at -21 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 34 kt was good. Target below 38 kn
Distance
79.63 %
Touchdown point was 276 m beyond the touchdown zone.
Alignment
100 %
Runway touchdown alignment was very good.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.6 °
G
100 %
G 0.99 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
98.61 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 929 m, 51 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 929 m using 51.21 % of runway
Alignment
96.91 %
Runway rollout alignment was very good.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
31 25 20
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
8 3 -2
0200400600800 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
Metrics
Metrics

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