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EDDK
Köln (Cologne), Germany
Runway 31R
Elevation249 ft asl
Weight60,660 kg
Fuel5,591 kg
Wind170° · 4 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

99.83 %
EDDH
Hamburg, Germany
Runway 23
Elevation39 ft asl
Weight58,838 kg
Fuel3,568 kg
Wind220° · 5 kn · 1 kn cross
27 Oct 2026 0:55 259 nm Airbus A320ceo 2,023 kg
Departure Score
100.00 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
99.49 %

What went well

Touched down at -166 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 404 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 39 ft and 134 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Arrival Taxi — Landing Lights at 69 %, −0.10 points

Next time

Improve the taxi

See Arrival Taxi

Twenty knots on a monitor produces the visual sensation of about ten. The advice to "taxi at a walking pace" cannot fix this, because your sense of walking pace is exactly the thing that's broken. Put the groundspeed readout in your scan and obey it for the next fifty flights, the way a student pilot leans on the airspeed indicator before learning to read attitude.

Read more in How to Taxi Anywhere

Start to finish · 17 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 11 minutes and covered 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 16 kt0 kt min to max 25 kt 0 12 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 13 ktmax 16 kt 0 12 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-0.6 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.2 -0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.0 1.1 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 9 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 9 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 9 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 9 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 9 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 9 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 9 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 9 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 18 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 18 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 15 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 31R at EDDK Cologne Bonn Airport, Average speed was 6 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 11 kt7 kt min to max 19 kt 12 19 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.2 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.99 g
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 31R at EDDK Cologne Bonn Airport. Takeoff distance 1,733 m 46 % of runway. Rotation speed was 141 kt. Local weather - Temperature 12 °C. Wind 5 kt at 170 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Tailwind: 4 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,733 m46 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 141 ktTarget 145 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.45 m left2.45 m left to 2.14 m right -1.88 0.63 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 0.99 1.02 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.3 ° min to max 9.0 ° -0.0 9.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 2.4 ° 0.2 2.4 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 31R EDDK Cologne Bonn Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average speed 154 kt151 kt min to max 158 kt 151 158 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.0 ° min to max 4.6 ° 3.1 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.17 g1.05 g min to max 1.21 g 1.05 1.15 g
Info Average VSI 452 fpm-9 fpm min to max 992 fpm -9 992 fpm
Info Average altitude 6 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 21 ft agl 0 21 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.7 °9.8 ° min to max 14.3 ° 9.8 14.3 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 31R EDDK Cologne Bonn Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 159 kt158 kt min to max 160 kt 158 159 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.13 g0.94 g min to max 1.18 g 1.15 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 1,522 fpm1,023 fpm min to max 2,968 fpm 1,023 2,968 fpm
Info Average altitude 60 ft agl22 ft agl min to max 291 ft agl 22 291 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 15.7 °14.4 ° min to max 18.2 ° 14.4 17.3 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 218 ft agl · 159 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 218 ft agl · 159 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 31R EDDK Cologne Bonn Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 165 kt158 kt min to max 174 ktTarget 164 kt, 1 kt fast 159 174 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.2 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.96 g0.76 g min to max 1.06 g 0.95 1.01 g
100 % Landing gear up at 101 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation 0.4 °0.3 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.3 0.5 °
Info Average VSI 2,440 fpm1,862 fpm min to max 2,959 fpm 2,959 2,549 fpm
Info Average altitude 661 ft agl342 ft agl min to max 940 ft agl 342 940 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 14.5 °11.8 ° min to max 17.4 ° 17.4 14.0 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile east of Eil (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Climbing from 1,269 ft asl to 32,883 ft asl, an increase of 31,614 ft in 14 minutes and covering 98 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 264 kt177 kt min to max 290 kt 177 274 kt
100 % Average bank angle 13.2 °0.0 ° min to max 30.1 ° 1.3 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.82 g min to max 1.23 g 1.02 0.96 g
Info Average VSI 2,180 fpm990 fpm min to max 3,886 fpm 2,644 990 fpm
Info Average altitude 15,727 ft asl1,269 ft asl min to max 32,883 ft asl 1,269 32,883 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.5 °3.2 ° min to max 14.1 ° 14.0 3.2 °
Info Turn coordination 0-17 min to max 23 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,733 ft agl · 196 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 1,993 ft agl · 212 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 17,889 ft agl · 384 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 4 miles north of Borgentreich (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 27 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,149 ft of 33,008 ft asl32,984 ft asl min to max 33,036 ft asl 32,984 33,000 ft asl
100 % Average speed 267 kt266 kt min to max 271 kt 271 266 kt
100 % Average bank angle 8.0 °0.0 ° min to max 17.9 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.98 g min to max 1.05 g 0.98 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination -1-5 min to max 1 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °2.1 ° min to max 2.5 ° 2.5 2.4 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Marienhagen (Lower Saxony, Germany). Descent from 32,999 ft asl to 3,007 ft asl, a decrease of 29,992 ft in 18 minutes and covering 114 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 253 kt202 kt min to max 296 kt 266 202 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.4 °0.0 ° min to max 30.1 ° 0.1 11.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.86 g min to max 1.22 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -1,459 fpm-4,939 fpm min to max 47 fpm 0 21 fpm
Info Average altitude 12,212 ft asl2,995 ft asl min to max 32,999 ft asl 32,999 3,007 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-4.3 ° min to max 4.5 ° 2.3 4.4 °
Info Turn coordination -1-14 min to max 9 0 -4

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 16,017 ft agl · 356 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 9,609 ft agl · 260 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2,857 ft agl · 210 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2,842 ft agl · 210 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2,850 ft agl · 210 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south east of Neritz (Schleswig-Holstein, Germany) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±650 ft of 3,003 ft asl2,890 ft asl min to max 3,034 ft asl 3,008 2,890 ft asl
100 % Average speed 200 kt188 kt min to max 202 kt 202 190 kt
100 % Average bank angle 10.9 °0.0 ° min to max 20.5 ° 11.5 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.07 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination -4-11 min to max 3 -4 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °0.2 ° min to max 5.2 ° 4.4 0.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 2,778 ft agl · 204 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2,773 ft agl · 197 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 2,783 ft agl · 195 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2,816 ft agl · 198 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south west of Jersbek (Schleswig-Holstein, Germany). Descent from 2,743 ft asl to 1,359 ft asl, a decrease of 1,384 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 149 kt141 kt min to max 190 kt 190 141 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -764 fpm-1,018 fpm min to max -673 fpm -916 -711 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,756 ft asl1,359 ft asl min to max 2,743 ft asl 2,743 1,359 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °-0.3 ° min to max 4.2 ° -0.1 4.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 4 1,926 ft agl · 162 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 23 at EDDH Hamburg Helmut Schmidt Airport. Descent from 1,343 ft agl to 67 ft agl in 109 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Info Flaps Position 5 1,216 ft agl · 143 kt
Arrival Landing 99.58Landing on runway 23 at EDDH Hamburg Helmut Schmidt Airport, runway length 3,092 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 134 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 134 kt. Target 133 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
98 % Excellent landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 1.56 m left1.56 m left to 0.06 m left 0.06 1.56 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.2 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.98 g min to max 1.13 g 1.01 1.03 g
Info Average speed 132 kt128 kt min to max 134 kt 134 128 kt
Info Average VSI -519 fpm-728 fpm min to max -255 fpm -728 -255 fpm
Info Average altitude 6 ft agl-17 ft agl min to max 39 ft agl 39 -17 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °2.6 ° min to max 6.9 ° 2.6 6.9 °
07515022530037545001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 99.40Touchdown distance was good at 404 m. Touchdown speed at 128 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was good at -166 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 13 °C. Wind 5 kt at 220 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 5 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Touchdown rate was -166 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 404 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 128 ktTarget below 126 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.91 m left1.77 m left 1.56 1.91 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.3 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.10 g1.03 g min to max 1.17 g 1.03 1.14 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 127 kt127 kt min to max 128 kt 128 127 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.9 °6.8 ° min to max 6.9 ° 6.9 6.8 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 1,050 m, 34 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,050 m34 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 0.95 m right0.00 m left to 0.95 m right -0.08 -0.11 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.12 g 1.12 0.99 g
Info Average speed 98 kt62 kt min to max 122 kt 122 62 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-1.1 ° min to max 6.8 ° 6.8 -1.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 47 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 42 kt20 kt min to max 61 kt 61 20 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-1.3 ° min to max 0.2 ° -1.2 0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.1 0.4 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 4 9 ft agl · 30 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 9 ft agl · 30 kt
Arrival Taxi 98.45Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 4 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 13 kt2 kt min to max 24 kt 18 2 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 ktmax 12 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-0.9 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.4 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.4 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Flaps Position 2 9 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 9 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 8 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl · 14 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 141 kt, 4 kt below the 145 kt target, and lifted off at 150 kt 3.3 s later, the nose coming up at 3.0° a second. Climb 3 held close to its 164 kt target, at 165 kt on average.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 164180 kt12060020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 1459.8° off · 3.0°/s15° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 17 kt -0.1° 0 s
80 kt340 m 80 kt 0.0° 11.9 s
Rotate1,173 m · target 145 141 kt -0.1° 26.0 s
Liftoff1,427 m · +9 kt from rotation 150 kt 9.8° 29.3 s
35 ft1,749 m · 3.9 s after liftoff 159 kt 15.5° 33.2 s
Gear up2,012 m · 101 ft · full marks to 400 ft 160 kt 18.1° 37.0 s
Climb 32,342 m · 342 ft to 940 ft · target 164 165 kt avg 17.4° 41.2 s
End of Climb 33,521 m · 940 ft 174 kt 14.1° 54.8 s

Takeoff from EDDK 31R

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
1,733m46 %
Rotation speed100.00
141kttarget 145, 4 slow
Liftoff speed
150kt
Runway alignment100.00
2.45m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
101ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
165kttarget 164
Rate of climb100.00
452fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 940 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,735 m of runway left; gear up at 101 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,210 fpm on average to 940 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3165 kt avgtarget 164THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 141 kttarget 145Liftoff 150 ktGear up 101 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 3,808 m runway.

Rolled from 324 m in, drifted 2.8 m left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 45 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS2 kn75 %widest 2.83 m LROLL 324 M INAirborne 1,751 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,751 m of 3,808 m · 46 %
Behind the start of the roll, 324 mTakeoff roll, 1,427 m Left ahead, 2,057 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate680 fpm510 fpm
On glideslope3.1°3.0°
On centreline0.2° off0.2° off
On speed+0.7 kt−1.1 kt
Wings level0° bank3° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to EDDH 23

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 50 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,3156443412021,000 ft gate7 of 71,048 ft · 134 kt500 ft gate7 of 7521 ft · 132 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 16× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 22 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR58 m L058 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND22 m L2 m L1 m L3 m L15 m L7 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 33 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between −3 kt and +8 kt on the approach speed of 133 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

120140160180 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 133+8 kt+1 kt−0 kt−1 kt+1 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on EDDH 23

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
39ft
Threshold speed100.00
134kttarget 133, 1 fast
Centreline offset100.00
1.56m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
404m
Centreline100.00
1.91m L
Speed100.00
127kttarget 125, 2 fast
Touchdown rate97.02
-166fpm
Impact100.00
1.17G
BouncesOk
None
The flare98.31

Excellent landing flare. It lost 1.7 points, for touching down 6.7° above the aircraft's ground attitude.

The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 220° at 5 kt · 5 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 123 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 16 s, an average deceleration of 0.30 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012060 kt · 653 m30 kt · 724 mtouchdown753 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 39 ft, 11 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 23 ft. Touched down 404 m in, 99 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

39 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 23 ft · −590 fpm · 3.9° · 134 ktdescent slowed at 0 ft · −166 fpm · 6.9°−166 fpm · 6.9° nose up · 128 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 39 ft, down at 404 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 590 fpm at the flare to 170 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.0° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−166 fpm at touchdown6.9° at touchdown, +3° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,092 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 1.9 m left of the centreline, and stayed within 2.4 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 404 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 404 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,015 m of 3,092 m · 33 %
In the air over the runway, 404 mRollout, 611 m Left over, 2,077 m
Rollout distance100.00
611m33 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
0.95m R

The rest of the report

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Flight narrative

The Airbus A320-ceo taxied from the parking area to runway 31R at EDDK Cologne Bonn Airport in 11 minutes, covering 3 nm.

Take-off was performed on runway 31R with a distance of 1,733 m (46 % of the runway). Rotation occurred at 141 kt. Local weather at departure was temperature 12 °C, wind 5 kt from 170°, crosswind 3 kt, tailwind 4 kt.

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 23 seconds, averaging 1,901 fpm and reaching 174 kt at the top of the segment.

The climb continued from 1,269 ft asl to 32,883 ft asl in 14 minutes, covering 98 nm, beginning 1 mile east of Eil.

Level flight was held at 33,000 ft asl for 3 minutes, covering 27 nm, beginning 4 miles north of Borgentreich.

Descent from 32,999 ft asl to 1,359 ft asl lasted 21 minutes, covering 123 nm, starting overhead Marienhagen, with a brief level-off at 3,000 ft asl.

Final approach to runway 23 at EDDH Hamburg Helmut Schmidt Airport began with a descent from 1,343 ft agl to 67 ft agl in 109 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level. Configuration on final was flap 5 at 1,216 ft agl, speed 143 kt.

Landing on runway 23 was made with a good threshold height. Threshold speed was 134 kt. The flare was described as excellent. Touchdown occurred 404 m down the runway at 128 kt, a little fast, with a touchdown rate of minus 166 fpm and very good runway alignment. No bounce was observed. Total landing distance was 1,050 m (34 % of the runway) and rollout alignment was perfect.

Local weather at landing was temperature 13 °C, wind 5 kt from 220°, crosswind 1 kt, headwind 5 kt.

After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area in 4 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.

The flight covered a total distance of 259 nm in 55 minutes and used 2,023 kg of fuel.

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