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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Apply steady, continuous back pressure through the flare to arrest the sink smoothly and hold the normal profile, rather than letting it drift.
What happened: The flare did not hold its target profile, with the sink most arrested at 14 ft, and this flight then touched down at 391 fpm of sink - a firm arrival. An unsettled flare profile like this usually carries through to a firmer touchdown.
Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a smooth, steadily decreasing sink rate through the flare to touchdown.
There are several things that can go wrong during the flare, carrying too much speed over the threshold, starting the flare at the wrong height and inconsistent flight control inputs, all contribute to a poor flare resulting in a hard touchdown or a float down the runway.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 20 stages, 18 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
The nose wandered in the climb
From 35 ft to the end of the climb the nose moved between 6.3° and 14.1°, and the speed between 170 kt and 180 kt.
Once clear of the runway the nose moved through a wide range, and the speed moved with it. Set the climb attitude, hold it and trim, and give the speed a few seconds to settle before correcting it with a degree or two of pitch. Chasing the airspeed with large pitch changes makes it wander more.
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 4,258 m runway.
Rolled from 88 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 5.1 m at the widest, and lifted off 5.2 m left, in 14 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 46 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 838 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,920 m of runway left; gear up at 220 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,060 fpm on average to 838 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The rotation detail below draws the rotation against the rates for this aircraft and its tail-strike pitch, where the slope reads properly. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
Rotation detail the pitch over the seconds from rotation to 35 ft, where the slope reads properly.
The pitch over the seconds from the nose starting to come up to 35 ft, stretched so the slope reads properly. The green dot is where the nose started up, the grey band runs to the wheels leaving, and the figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up. The two dashed green lines rising from the rotation point are 2 to 3° a second, the rates airliners are rotated at: a trace steeper than both is a faster rotation, one shallower than both a slower one. The red dashed line is 9.7°, the pitch at which this aircraft's tail touches the runway with the wheels still on it, drawn from rotation to liftoff only: once the wheels leave, every foot climbed adds tail clearance.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 20 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 13× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 30 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 35 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between +7 kt and +12 kt on the approach speed of 141 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
The flare held the target profile well
The flare began at 48 ft agl above the runway, higher than this aircraft wants. Touchdown was 381 m past the threshold. Hold the aim point and let the runway come to you rather than anticipating the flare.
Touchdown
Rollout
Taxi in
Side view — the last 1,614 m of the approach.
Began the flare high, at 48 ft, 57 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 36 ft, 14 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 381 m in, 76 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,614 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 890 fpm at the flare to 390 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.5° on the way down. Into the flare at 149 kt, 8 kt over the 141 kt approach speed, and 146 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,614 m of the 3,496 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 7.3 m right of the centreline, and steered back to 1.8 m right by the end of the rollout. 8 kt across from the left, which takes about 3° of crab to hold the centreline at 146 kt. Touched down with 3° of it still on, wings level.
Wind 050° at 9 kt · 3 kt head · 8 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
The 381 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 391 fpm arrival was firm.
The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.
From 147 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 29 s, an average deceleration of 0.21 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
The rest of the report
The Boeing 787-9 taxied from the parking area to runway 35R at CYYC Calgary International Airport for 8 minutes, covering 2 nm.
Take-off was performed on runway 35R with a takeoff roll of 1,983 m (47 % of the runway). Rotation occurred at 153 kt. The local weather at departure was temperature 12 °C, wind 15 kt from 260°, with a 14 kt crosswind and a 3 kt tailwind component.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 22 seconds, averaging 2,086 fpm and reaching 178 kt at the top of the segment.
The aircraft continued climb from 4,465 ft asl to 36,993 ft asl in 23 minutes, covering 159 nm, beginning 1 mile north-east of CYYC.
Level flight at 37,000 ft asl lasted 91 minutes, covering 766 nm, beginning 4 miles south-east of CEQ4 Del Bonita / Whetstone International Airport.
A further climb from 37,000 ft asl to 38,983 ft asl was completed in 4 minutes over 36 nm, starting 11 miles east of Fort Garland.
Level flight at 39,000 ft asl continued for 151 minutes, covering 1,270 nm, beginning 14 miles west of KRTN Raton Municipal Airport.
Descent from 39,004 ft asl to 1,334 ft asl took 25 minutes, covering 139 nm, beginning 60 miles north-west of Rio Lagartos, with a brief level-off at 4,000 ft asl.
Final approach to runway 12R at MMUN Aeropuerto Internacional de Cancún began with a descent from 1,361 ft agl to 98 ft agl in 92 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed, and wings level. The aircraft was in final flap position 1 at 2,487 ft agl and 240 kt. Autopilot was disconnected at 336 ft agl and 155 kt.
Landing on runway 12R (runway length 3,496 m) had a good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 149 kt. The flare was described as very good, starting early. Touchdown occurred 381 m down the runway at 146 kt, a little fast, with a firm rate of minus 392 fpm. The touchdown point was misaligned by 7.7 m from the centreline. No bounce was observed.
Total landing distance was 1,535 m (44 % of the runway). Runway rollout ended slightly misaligned by 8.8 m from the centreline. Local weather at landing was temperature 31 °C, wind 7 kt from 050°, with a 6 kt crosswind and a 2 kt headwind component.
Taxi from the runway to the parking area took 6 minutes and covered 1 nm.
Overall, the flight covered 2,380 nm in 311 minutes and used 27,207 kg of fuel.
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