LIRS to LIPE Flight Report - MD-88

Flight from LIRS to LIPE

Monday, 25 May 2026 20:22

Minutes 54

214 nm

Fuel 3,285 kg

MD-88

Departure

Runway 21R at LIRS

Grosseto Air Base

Grosetto, Toscana, Italy

Altitude

13 ft asl

Weight

55,723 kg

Fuel

6,813 kg

Temperature

19 °C

Wind Speed

4 kt

Wind Direction

190.0 °

Headwind

4 kt

Crosswind

1 kt

Arrival

Runway 12 at LIPE

Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport

Bologna Emilia-Romagna, Italy

118 ft asl

Altitude

52,438 kg

Weight

3,528 kg

Fuel

22 °C

Temperature

10 kt

Wind Speed

190.0 °

Wind Direction

3 kt

Headwind

9 kt

Crosswind

Flight Score 97.65%

Departure Score 95.31%

Enroute Score 100%

Arrival Score 97.63%

Departing from LIRS Grosseto Air Base, the aircraft began its journey on runway 21R, taking off with a liftoff speed of 160 kt. The takeoff distance of 1,696 m accounted for 58% of the runway length. The local weather conditions at the time of departure featured a temperature of 21 °C, with a 5 kt headwind and a 2 kt crosswind.

As the aircraft climbed to its initial cruising altitude, it began a series of enroute climbs and level cruises, navigating through the Italian airspace. The first notable climb took place from 990 ft asl to 2,961 ft asl, an increase of 1,971 ft in just 2 minutes, covering 6 nm. The aircraft then transitioned to level cruise, followed by another climb from 3,099 ft asl to 14,635 ft asl, an increase of 11,536 ft in 3 minutes, covering 21 nm. The aircraft continued to alternate between level cruises and descents, eventually beginning its descent to LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport.

The final approach to runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport was initiated from the west, with a heading of 115.0 ° at 4 nm and 1,470 ft agl. The landing was successful, with a touchdown distance of 63 m and a touchdown speed of 106 kt. The runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.5 m from the centreline. The total landing distance was 495 m, accounting for 23% of the runway length. Following a smooth taxiing process, the aircraft came to a stop, having completed a total flight distance of 214 nm, using 3,285 kg of fuel in the process, and taking a total of 54 minutes to complete the journey.

Flight Map

Replay this flight in 3D — the full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.

Flight Stages LIRS to LIPE

Click on a stage to view more detailed information

Departure Taxi

90 %

Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 10 minutes and covered 2 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 9 kt 0 kt min to max 22 kt	0		14 kt
100 %	Average speed turning corners 0 kt max 0 kt	0		0 kt
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.99 g min to max 1.00 g	0.99		1.00 g
Info	Average pitch angle -0.9 ° -1.2 ° min to max -0.8 °	-0.9		-1.1 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.3 °	0.0		0.3 °
Info	Battery Master On at 20:22:14
Info	Engine 2 Started at 20:22:14
Info	Beacon Lights Switched On at 20:22:14
Info	Navigation Lights Switched On at 20:22:14
Info	Autopilot Master Switched On at 20:22:14
Info	Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated at 20:22:14
Info	Autopilot Flight Director Activated at 20:22:14
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated at 20:22:14
Info	Landing Gear Down at 20:22:14
Info	Parking Brake On at 20:22:14
Info	Parking Brake Off at 20:22:21
Info	Parking Brake On at 20:22:22
Info	Engine 1 Started at 20:23:10
Info	Pitot Heat Switched On at 20:24:27
Info	Parking Brake Off at 20:27:08
Info	Parking Brake On at 20:30:14
Info	Parking Brake Off at 20:30:51
Info	Parking Brake On at 20:30:57
Info	Parking Brake Off at 20:30:58
Info	Flaps Position 1 at 20:31:20
Info	Flaps Position 2 at 20:31:21
Info	Flaps Position 3 at 20:31:22
Info	Beacon Lights Switched Off at 20:31:29
0 %	Taxi Lights at 20:29:46

Departure Runway Entry

Entering runway 21R at LIRS Grosseto Air Base, Average speed was 18 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
Info	Average speed 14 kt 14 kt min to max 14 kt	14		14 kt
Info	Average pitch angle -1.0 ° -1.0 ° min to max -0.9 °	-1.0		-0.9 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.3 ° min to max 0.4 °	0.4		0.3 °
Info	Average g force 1.00 g 1.00 g min to max 1.00 g	1.00		1.00 g

Departure Roll

86.56 %

Departure roll runway 21R at LIRS Grosseto Air Base. Takeoff distance 1,696 m 58 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 160 kt. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 5 kt at 190 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 5 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Takeoff distance 1,696 m 58 % of runway
67.66 %	Liftoff speed was 160 kt Target 131 kt
90.17 %	Runway alignment max 6.88 m 1.13 m left to 5.75 m right	-4.99		1.13 m
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.95 g min to max 1.04 g	1.00		1.01 g
100 %	Takeoff Bounce
Info	Average pitch angle 0.7 ° -1.1 ° min to max 7.2 °	-0.8		7.2 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.8 °	0.3		1.8 °
Info	Parking Brake On at 20:32:39
Info	Landing Lights Switched On at 20:33:02
Info	Taxi Lights Switched On at 20:33:04
Info	Parking Brake Off at 20:33:46
0 %	Strobe Lights at 20:34:24

Departure Climb 1

100 %

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 21R LIRS Grosseto Air Base.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation -0.1 ° -0.2 ° min to max -0.0 °	-0.0		-0.2 °
100 %	Average speed 167 kt 160 kt min to max 172 kt	160		172 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 1.3 ° 0.8 ° min to max 1.8 °	1.8		0.8 °
100 %	Average g force 1.07 g 1.01 g min to max 1.10 g	1.01		1.08 g
Info	Average VSI 509 fpm 161 fpm min to max 890 fpm	161		890 fpm
Info	Average altitude 10 ft agl 0 ft agl min to max 28 ft agl	0		28 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 8.8 ° 7.3 ° min to max 10.0 °	7.3		10.0 °
Info	Landing Gear Up at 20:34:52

Departure Climb 2

100 %

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 21R LIRS Grosseto Air Base.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation -0.2 ° -0.2 ° min to max -0.1 °	-0.2		-0.2 °
100 %	Average speed 177 kt 172 kt min to max 194 kt	172		194 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 0.9 ° 0.2 ° min to max 1.8 °	0.8		1.6 °
100 %	Average g force 1.03 g 0.91 g min to max 1.08 g	1.08		1.02 g
Info	Average VSI 1,172 fpm 905 fpm min to max 1,476 fpm	905		1,441 fpm
Info	Average altitude 92 ft agl 29 ft agl min to max 360 ft agl	29		360 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 9.6 ° 8.0 ° min to max 10.2 °	10.0		8.3 °
Info	Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated at 20:34:57

Departure Climb 3

100 %

Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 21R LIRS Grosseto Air Base.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation -0.8 ° -1.3 ° min to max -0.3 °	-0.3		-1.3 °
100 %	Average speed 190 kt 182 kt min to max 195 kt	195		182 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 0.9 ° 0.1 ° min to max 1.6 °	1.6		0.1 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.92 g min to max 1.11 g	0.95		0.97 g
100 %	Landing gear up
Info	Average VSI 1,287 fpm 808 fpm min to max 1,981 fpm	1,446		1,968 fpm
Info	Average altitude 628 ft agl 381 ft agl min to max 932 ft agl	381		932 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 8.0 ° 6.0 ° min to max 10.8 °	7.5		10.0 °

Enroute Climb

100 %

Enroute climb started 1 mile south west of Principina Terra (Toscana, Italy). Climbing from 990 ft asl to 2,961 ft asl, an increase of 1,971 ft in 2 minutes and covering 6 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 191 kt 182 kt min to max 211 kt	182		211 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 14.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 32.5 °	0.1		31.3 °
100 %	Average g force 1.05 g 0.74 g min to max 1.23 g	0.98		1.21 g
Info	Average VSI 1,393 fpm -108 fpm min to max 3,103 fpm	1,976		339 fpm
Info	Average altitude 2,203 ft asl 990 ft asl min to max 2,961 ft asl	990		2,961 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle 8.5 ° 3.4 ° min to max 12.8 °	10.1		4.9 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated at 20:35:55
Info	Flaps Position 2 at 20:36:10
Info	Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated at 20:36:25
Info	Autopilot Heading Hold Activated at 20:36:25
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 20:36:36

Enroute Level

100 %

Enroute level cruise started 4 miles south of Marina di Grosseto (Toscana, Italy) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 6 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average altitude 3,002 ft asl 2,967 ft asl min to max 3,018 ft asl	2,967		3,005 ft asl
100 %	Average speed 222 kt 213 kt min to max 228 kt	213		228 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 20.9 ° 0.1 ° min to max 31.2 °	31.0		0.2 °
100 %	Average g force 1.09 g 0.98 g min to max 1.17 g	1.16		1.07 g
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Average pitch angle 4.5 ° 3.5 ° min to max 5.0 °	4.7		3.5 °
Info	Flaps Position 1 at 20:37:17
Info	Flaps Fully Retracted at 20:37:38

Enroute Climb 2

100 %

Enroute climb started 1 mile north of Marina di Grosseto (Toscana, Italy). Climbing from 3,099 ft asl to 14,635 ft asl, an increase of 11,536 ft in 3 minutes and covering 21 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 237 kt 213 kt min to max 245 kt	224		245 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 3.1 ° 0.1 ° min to max 10.6 °	0.9		0.7 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.87 g min to max 1.21 g	1.21		0.88 g
Info	Average VSI 2,449 fpm 1,233 fpm min to max 3,701 fpm	1,601		1,233 fpm
Info	Average altitude 8,834 ft asl 3,099 ft asl min to max 14,635 ft asl	3,099		14,635 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle 9.0 ° 5.3 ° min to max 12.9 °	10.0		5.3 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated at 20:39:00
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated at 20:39:00
Info	Landing Lights Switched Off at 20:40:52
Info	Taxi Lights Switched Off at 20:40:53
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 20:42:08
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated at 20:42:08

Enroute Level 2

100 %

Enroute level cruise started 3 miles east of Torniella (Toscana, Italy) and lasted 7 minutes, covering 55 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average altitude 14,994 ft asl 14,787 ft asl min to max 15,005 ft asl	14,787		14,998 ft asl
100 %	Average speed 314 kt 241 kt min to max 321 kt	245		313 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 11.5 ° 0.0 ° min to max 26.8 °	0.0		0.8 °
100 %	Average g force 1.04 g 0.92 g min to max 1.22 g	0.99		0.99 g
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Average pitch angle 2.1 ° 1.8 ° min to max 4.6 °	4.6		2.0 °

Enroute Descent

100 %

Enroute descent started 6 miles north east of Stia (Toscana, Italy). Descent from 14,991 ft asl to 3,591 ft asl, a decrease of 11,400 ft in 9 minutes and covering 49 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 244 kt 231 kt min to max 300 kt	300		231 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 8.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 32.0 °	0.3		0.0 °
100 %	Average g force 1.04 g 0.68 g min to max 1.23 g	1.00		1.02 g
Info	Average VSI -1,154 fpm -3,217 fpm min to max 9 fpm	-10		-97 fpm
Info	Average altitude 10,683 ft asl 3,591 ft asl min to max 14,999 ft asl	14,991		3,591 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle 1.4 ° -2.7 ° min to max 3.8 °	2.3		3.2 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated at 20:50:50
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated at 20:50:50
Info	Autopilot Bank Hold Activated at 20:53:17
Info	Landing Lights Switched On at 20:54:05
Info	Taxi Lights Switched On at 20:54:06
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 20:57:36
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated at 20:57:36

Enroute Level 3

100 %

Enroute level cruise started 2 miles north west of Savigno (Emilia-Romagna, Italy) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 7 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average altitude 3,254 ft asl 3,090 ft asl min to max 3,567 ft asl	3,549		3,100 ft asl
100 %	Average speed 233 kt 231 kt min to max 237 kt	231		233 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 0.9 ° 0.0 ° min to max 2.4 °	0.0		1.4 °
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.91 g min to max 1.12 g	1.12		1.10 g
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Average pitch angle 2.6 ° 1.3 ° min to max 4.5 °	4.5		3.6 °
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated at 20:58:40
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated at 20:58:40
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 20:58:56
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated at 20:58:56

Enroute Descent 2

100 %

Enroute descent started 1 mile south of Maranello (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Descent from 3,098 ft asl to 2,620 ft asl, a decrease of 478 ft in 2 minutes and covering 7 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 220 kt 216 kt min to max 236 kt	236		218 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 0.5 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.1 °	0.2		1.1 °
100 %	Average g force 0.96 g 0.84 g min to max 1.11 g	1.03		1.01 g
Info	Average VSI -240 fpm -869 fpm min to max 115 fpm	105		-331 fpm
Info	Average altitude 2,956 ft asl 2,620 ft asl min to max 3,106 ft asl	3,098		2,620 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle 2.0 ° 1.0 ° min to max 2.9 °	2.9		1.7 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Flaps Position 2 at 21:00:22
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated at 21:01:16
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated at 21:01:16
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 21:01:41
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated at 21:01:41

Enroute Level 4

100 %

Enroute level cruise started overhead Casalgrande (Emilia-Romagna, Italy) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 25 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average altitude 2,691 ft asl 2,475 ft asl min to max 3,106 ft asl	2,566		3,084 ft asl
100 %	Average speed 210 kt 203 kt min to max 219 kt	219		211 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 18.6 ° 0.1 ° min to max 34.4 °	0.2		26.6 °
100 %	Average g force 1.09 g 0.78 g min to max 1.32 g	1.07		1.07 g
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Average pitch angle 3.6 ° 1.0 ° min to max 8.9 °	2.5		1.5 °
Info	Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated at 21:02:52
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated at 21:05:20
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated at 21:05:20
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 21:05:27
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated at 21:05:27

Enroute Descent 3

100 %

Enroute descent started 2 miles south of Vezzano sul Crostolo (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Descent from 3,085 ft asl to 2,589 ft asl, a decrease of 496 ft in 2 minutes and covering 6 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 210 kt 185 kt min to max 220 kt	212		185 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 17.3 ° 0.2 ° min to max 33.6 °	29.8		3.0 °
100 %	Average g force 1.08 g 0.76 g min to max 1.36 g	1.02		1.03 g
Info	Average VSI -284 fpm -1,437 fpm min to max 1,133 fpm	-10		-520 fpm
Info	Average altitude 2,987 ft asl 2,589 ft asl min to max 3,227 ft asl	3,085		2,589 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle 2.3 ° -1.1 ° min to max 6.0 °	1.3		3.4 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated at 21:07:23
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated at 21:07:23
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 21:08:08
Info	Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated at 21:08:08
Info	Autopilot Bank Hold Activated at 21:08:23
Info	Flaps Position 3 at 21:08:23

Enroute Level 5

100 %

Enroute level cruise started overhead Scandiano (Emilia-Romagna, Italy) and lasted 7 minutes, covering 20 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average altitude 2,544 ft asl 2,495 ft asl min to max 2,731 ft asl	2,553		2,518 ft asl
100 %	Average speed 166 kt 142 kt min to max 175 kt	175		142 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 10.9 ° 0.0 ° min to max 32.2 °	1.1		1.1 °
100 %	Average g force 1.05 g 0.83 g min to max 1.33 g	1.03		1.04 g
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Average pitch angle 2.4 ° -0.1 ° min to max 6.2 °	3.4		1.6 °
Info	Flaps Position 4 at 21:09:13
Info	Flaps Position 5 at 21:09:19
Info	Flaps Position 4 at 21:09:28
Info	Landing Gear Down at 21:13:02
Info	Flaps Position 5 at 21:13:03

Enroute Descent 4

100 %

Enroute descent started overhead Riolo (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Descent from 2,515 ft asl to 1,607 ft asl, a decrease of 908 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 139 kt 131 kt min to max 145 kt	135		143 kt
100 %	Average bank angle 3.5 ° 0.1 ° min to max 11.6 °	0.9		3.0 °
100 %	Average g force 0.98 g 0.58 g min to max 1.18 g	1.05		1.02 g
Info	Average VSI -1,040 fpm -1,880 fpm min to max 200 fpm	-117		-1,301 fpm
Info	Average altitude 2,092 ft asl 1,607 ft asl min to max 2,548 ft asl	2,515		1,607 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle -1.2 ° -4.9 ° min to max 5.2 °	3.2		-1.9 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0

Arrival Final 4

99.88 %

Approaching runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,470 ft agl to 1,050 ft agl. A decrease of 419 ft in 24 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Approach angle 3.3 ° 3.2 ° min to max 3.5 ° Target 3.0 °	3.5		3.3 °
100 %	Average speed 138 kt 133 kt min to max 143 kt	142		133 kt
100 %	Heading variation 0.1 ° -0.1 ° min to max 0.4 °	-0.1		0.4 °
99.38 %	Average bank angle 1.6 ° 0.1 ° min to max 3.2 °	0.9		0.3 °
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.93 g min to max 1.10 g	0.95		1.10 g
Info	Average VSI -1,016 fpm -1,398 fpm min to max -616 fpm	-1,304		-616 fpm
Info	Average altitude 1,231 ft agl 1,050 ft agl min to max 1,470 ft agl	1,470		1,050 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 0.1 ° -2.4 ° min to max 2.4 °	-1.8		2.4 °

Arrival Final 3

100 %

Approaching runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 1,040 ft agl to 759 ft agl. A decrease of 281 ft in 26 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Approach angle 3.4 ° 3.3 ° min to max 3.6 ° Target 3.0 °	3.3		3.6 °
100 %	Average speed 133 kt 132 kt min to max 134 kt	133		132 kt
100 %	Heading variation 0.5 ° 0.4 ° min to max 0.7 °	0.4		0.7 °
100 %	Average bank angle 1.4 ° 0.2 ° min to max 3.0 °	0.5		1.6 °
100 %	Average g force 0.99 g 0.90 g min to max 1.05 g	0.96		0.93 g
Info	Average VSI -657 fpm -841 fpm min to max -480 fpm	-541		-693 fpm
Info	Average altitude 902 ft agl 759 ft agl min to max 1,040 ft agl	1,040		759 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 1.7 ° 0.7 ° min to max 2.9 °	1.8		1.4 °

Arrival Final 2

99.78 %

Approaching runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 747 ft agl to 311 ft agl. A decrease of 436 ft in 26 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Approach angle 3.2 ° 2.9 ° min to max 3.6 ° Target 3.0 °	3.6		2.9 °
100 %	Average speed 133 kt 127 kt min to max 137 kt	132		127 kt
100 %	Heading variation 0.6 ° 0.4 ° min to max 0.8 °	0.7		0.4 °
98.92 %	Average bank angle 1.3 ° 0.3 ° min to max 3.4 °	1.7		1.4 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.82 g min to max 1.12 g	0.90		1.03 g
Info	Average VSI -1,029 fpm -1,426 fpm min to max -695 fpm	-805		-838 fpm
Info	Average altitude 516 ft agl 311 ft agl min to max 747 ft agl	747		311 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 0.9 ° -1.1 ° min to max 3.3 °	0.2		3.3 °

Arrival Final 1

100 %

Approaching runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 297 ft agl to 22 ft agl. A decrease of 275 ft in 23 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Approach angle 1.7 ° 1.1 ° min to max 2.9 ° Target 3.0 °	2.9		1.1 °
100 %	Average speed 114 kt 107 kt min to max 126 kt	126		107 kt
100 %	Heading variation 0.3 ° 0.2 ° min to max 0.3 °	0.2		0.2 °
100 %	Average bank angle 1.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 3.0 °	1.4		0.2 °
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.89 g min to max 1.14 g	0.98		0.94 g
Info	Average VSI -518 fpm -1,041 fpm min to max -272 fpm	-798		-272 fpm
Info	Average altitude 72 ft agl 22 ft agl min to max 297 ft agl	297		22 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 7.0 ° 2.1 ° min to max 10.1 °	3.4		8.2 °
Info	Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated at 21:19:10
Info	Stall Warning Activated at 21:19:20
Info	Stall Warning Deactivated at 21:19:21
Info	Stall Warning Activated at 21:19:22
Info	Stall Warning Deactivated at 21:19:24

Arrival Landing

95.99 %

Landing on runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport, runway length 2,132 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 107 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
87.42 %	Threshold speed was a little below target at 107 kt. Target 130 kt
100 %	Target 50 ft agl
96.52 %	Landing and flare profile
100 %	Heading variation 0.2 ° 0.2 ° min to max 0.2 °	0.2		0.2 °
100 %	Average bank angle 0.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.3 °	0.2		0.3 °
100 %	Average g force 0.99 g 0.93 g min to max 1.08 g	0.93		1.08 g
Info	Average speed 106 kt 106 kt min to max 107 kt	107		106 kt
Info	Average VSI -288 fpm -300 fpm min to max -273 fpm	-273		-276 fpm
Info	Average altitude 4 ft agl 0 ft agl min to max 7 ft agl	7		0 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 9.3 ° 8.3 ° min to max 10.0 °	8.3		9.4 °
Info	Stall Warning Activated at 21:19:25

Arrival Touchdown

96.06 %

Touchdown distance was good at 63 m. Touchdown speed at 106 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -276 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.5 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 22 °C. Wind 10 kt at 190 °. Crosswind: 10 kt Headwind: 3 kt.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
93.93 %	Touchdown VSI was -276 fpm.
100 %	Touchdown distance was 63 m Target 457 m
100 %	Speed at touchdown 106 kt Target below 144 kt
83.86 %	Runway alignment max 7.48 m 7.06 m left	7.48		6.61 m
100 %	Average bank angle 1.1 ° 0.3 ° min to max 1.5 °	0.3		1.5 °
100 %	Average g force 1.16 g 1.05 g min to max 1.28 g	1.08		1.05 g
100 %	Landing Bounce
Info	Average speed 106 kt 106 kt min to max 106 kt	106		106 kt
Info	Average pitch angle 8.1 ° 6.9 ° min to max 9.4 °	9.4		6.9 °
Info	Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated at 21:19:26
Info	Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated at 21:19:26
Info	Stall Warning Deactivated at 21:19:26

Arrival Rollout

94.35 %

Total landing distance 495 m, 23 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Landing distance 495 m 23 % of runway.
87.44 %	Runway alignment max 10.77 m 6.49 m left to 4.28 m right	6.49		-4.28 m
100 %	Average g force 0.99 g 0.93 g min to max 1.05 g	1.05		1.00 g
Info	Average speed 85 kt 52 kt min to max 104 kt	104		52 kt
Info	Average pitch angle 0.0 ° -1.2 ° min to max 6.6 °	6.6		-1.0 °
Info	Average bank angle 1.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 2.2 °	1.6		0.5 °

Runway Exit

Exiting runway, average speed 32 kt

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
Info	Average speed 28 kt 0 kt min to max 52 kt	52		20 kt
Info	Average pitch angle -0.9 ° -1.6 ° min to max -0.6 °	-1.0		-1.4 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.4 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.0 °	0.6		0.5 °
Info	Average g force 1.00 g 0.98 g min to max 1.02 g	1.00		1.00 g
Info	Flaps Position 1 at 21:19:49
Info	Landing Lights Switched Off at 21:19:58
Info	Taxi Lights Switched Off at 21:19:59
Info	Flaps Fully Retracted at 21:20:21

Arrival Taxi

95 %

Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 10 kt 0 kt min to max 21 kt	20		8 kt
100 %	Average speed turning corners 0 kt max 0 kt	0		0 kt
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.99 g min to max 1.00 g	1.00		1.00 g
Info	Average pitch angle -0.9 ° -1.4 ° min to max -0.5 °	-1.4		-0.7 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.5 °	0.4		0.2 °
0 %	Taxi Lights at 21:21:40

Takeoff on runway 21R at LIRS Grosseto Air Base in the MD-88

95.31 %

90 %

Taxi

Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 10 minutes and covered 2 nm.

Taxi Lights

0 %

Switched On

Speed

100 %

Turn Speed

100 %

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

86.56 %

Takeoff Roll

Takeoff Distance

100 %

Roll distance of 1,696 m using 58.49 % of runway

Liftoff Speed

67.66 %

Liftoff speed was 160 kn - Target 131 kn

Alignment

90.17 %

1.13 m left to 5.75 m right

Bounce

100 %

No Bounce Detected

Strobe Lights

0 %

Switched On

Landing Lights

100 %

Switched On

100 %

Speed

Info

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

100 %

Climb 1

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 21R LIRS Grosseto Air Base.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

100 %

Climb 2

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 21R LIRS Grosseto Air Base.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

100 %

Climb 3

Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 21R LIRS Grosseto Air Base.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

Landing on runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport in the MD-88

Landing Score 96.6 %

Landing Summary

The MD-88 aircraft touched down on runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport with a score of 96.6%. The approach to the runway from the west, heading 115.0° at 4 nm and 1,470 ft above ground level, was executed smoothly. The threshold height was good, allowing for a controlled descent onto the runway. However, the threshold speed was slightly below the target at 107 kt, which may have been due to the prevailing wind conditions of 10 kt at 190°.

The touchdown characteristics of the aircraft were good, with a touchdown distance of 63 m and a touchdown speed of 106 kt. However, the touchdown rate of -276 fpm was fair, indicating a slightly steeper descent than desired. The runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.5 m from the centreline, which may have been due to a slight deviation in the approach path. The local weather conditions, with a temperature of 22 °C and a headwind of 3 kt, did not significantly impact the landing.

The total landing distance of 495 m was 23% of the runway length, indicating a relatively short landing distance. The runway rollout alignment was very good, with the aircraft maintaining a consistent path along the centreline. Overall, the landing was executed well, with the aircraft touching down safely and rolling out smoothly. However, there were some minor deviations in the approach and touchdown characteristics that prevented the landing from being perfect.

99.88 %

Final 4

Approaching runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,470 ft agl to 1,050 ft agl. A decrease of 419 ft in 24 seconds.

Glideslope

100 %

Excellent glideslope alignment

Heading

100 %

Great heading alignment

Glideslope

100 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

99.38 %

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

100 %

Final 3

Approaching runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 1,040 ft agl to 759 ft agl. A decrease of 281 ft in 26 seconds.

Glideslope

100 %

Excellent glideslope alignment

Heading

100 %

Good heading alignment

Glideslope

100 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

99.78 %

Final 2

Approaching runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 747 ft agl to 311 ft agl. A decrease of 436 ft in 26 seconds.

Glideslope

100 %

Excellent glideslope alignment

Heading

100 %

Good heading alignment

Glideslope

100 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

98.92 %

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

100 %

Final 1

Approaching runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 297 ft agl to 22 ft agl. A decrease of 275 ft in 23 seconds.

Glideslope

100 %

Excellent glideslope alignment

Heading

100 %

Great heading alignment

Glideslope

100 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

95.99 %

Landing

Landing on runway 12 at LIPE Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport, runway length 2,132 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 107 kt.

Height

100 %

Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl

Speed

87.42 %

Threshold speed was a little below target at 107 kt. Target 130 kt

Flare

96.52 %

Excellent landing flare

Heading

100 %

Bank

100 %

IAS

Info

Pitch

Info

Descent Rate

Info

96.06 %

Touchdown

93.93 %

Touchdown rate was fair at -276 ft/m.

Speed

100 %

Touchdown speed at 106 kt was good. Target below 144 kn

Distance

100 %

Touchdown distance was good at 63 m.

Alignment

83.86 %

Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.5 m from centreline.

Bank

100 %

Bank angle 1.1 °

100 %

G 1.16 g

Bounce

100 %

No Bounce Detected

94.35 %

Rollout

Total landing distance 495 m, 23 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.

100 %

Landing distance 495 m using 23.22 % of runway

Alignment

87.44 %

Runway rollout alignment was very good.

100 %

IAS

Info

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

95 %

Taxi

Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.

Landing Lights

100 %

Switched Off

Taxi Lights

0 %

Switched On

Speed

100 %

Turn Speed

100 %

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

Metrics

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