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WSSS
Singapore, Singapore
Runway 20C
Elevation13 ft asl
Weight28,924 lbs
Fuel6,463 lbs
Wind130° · 9 kn · 9 kn cross

Flight Score

83.19 %
WSSS
Singapore, Singapore
Runway 02L
Elevation13 ft asl
Weight28,797 lbs
Fuel6,465 lbs
Wind130° · 8 kn · 8 kn cross
5 Aug 2026 0:04 9 nm Cessna 750 Citation X
Departure Score
93.44 %
Enroute Score
72.05 %
Arrival Score
84.09 %

What went well

Touchdown 970 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 4.1 ft off the centreline, no bounce
Rollout controlled — 26 % of the runway used

What held you back

Enroute Climb — GPWS warning; bank angle up to 72.4 ° at 35 %, g force 0.19 to 2.31 g at 80 %, −9.32 points
Arrival Approach — GPWS warning; 500 ft gate 67 %, −2.78 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 44.9 ft right at 61 %, −1.46 points

Next time

Departure

Lower the nose and add power to raise climb speed to 169 kt.

What happened: Climb speed was 126 kt against a target of 169 kt, running 43 kt slow through the climb.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator against the climb target of 169 kt.

See Departure Climb 3

Arrival

Shallow the descent on final to re-intercept the glideslope and cross the threshold at 50 ft.

What happened: The aircraft was off the glideslope during the approach, tracking low against the required path.

Watch for: Watch the glideslope indicator and threshold height, targeting 50 ft at the threshold.

See Arrival Approach

Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 12 stages, 10 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 8 kt0 kt min to max 10 kt 0 8 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-1.0 ° min to max -0.7 ° -1.0 -0.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Landing Gear Activated 5 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Parking Brake On 5 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 5 ft agl · 10 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 20C at WSSS Singapore Changi Airport, Average speed was 10 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 4 kt3 kt min to max 7 kt 7 7 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-0.8 ° min to max -0.7 ° -0.8 -0.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 93.69Departure roll runway 20C at WSSS Singapore Changi Airport. Takeoff distance 2,899 ft 22 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 121 kt. Local weather - Temperature 91 °F. Wind 11 kt at 130 °. Crosswind: 11 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 2,899 ft22 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 121 ktTarget 125 kt
93 % Runway alignment max 15.9 ft right0.0 ft left to 15.9 ft right -14.3 -11.3 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.04 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-0.7 ° min to max 8.2 ° -0.7 8.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.4 °

Events

Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 20C WSSS Singapore Changi Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 124 kt121 kt min to max 125 kt 121 125 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.4 ° min to max 3.2 ° 0.4 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.16 g1.05 g min to max 1.20 g 1.05 1.12 g
Info Average VSI 660 fpm290 fpm min to max 1,042 fpm 290 1,042 fpm
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 24 ft agl 0 24 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.1 °8.4 ° min to max 12.5 ° 8.4 12.5 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 20C WSSS Singapore Changi Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average speed 126 kt125 kt min to max 130 kt 125 130 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 1.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g1.02 g min to max 1.08 g 1.08 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 1,505 fpm1,169 fpm min to max 2,685 fpm 1,169 2,685 fpm
Info Average altitude 84 ft agl32 ft agl min to max 348 ft agl 32 348 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 13.2 °12.5 ° min to max 17.2 ° 12.5 17.2 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 83 ft agl · 129 kt
Departure Climb 3 83.50Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 20C WSSS Singapore Changi Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
59 % Climb speed 126 kt120 kt min to max 135 ktTarget 169 kt, 43 kt slow 128 135 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.2 ° min to max 4.1 ° 0.8 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.92 g0.75 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 0.97 g
100 % Landing gear up at 52 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation 0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 -0.2 °
Info Average VSI 1,990 fpm1,049 fpm min to max 2,900 fpm 2,826 1,049 fpm
Info Average altitude 704 ft agl394 ft agl min to max 912 ft agl 394 912 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.5 °7.0 ° min to max 17.5 ° 17.5 7.0 °
Enroute Climb 72.05Enroute climb started 1 mile west of WSAC Changi Air Base (East) Singapore (Johor, Malaysia). Climbing from 949 ft asl to 894 ft asl, an increase of 56 ft in 1 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 175 kt136 kt min to max 208 kt 136 138 kt
35 % Average bank angle 19.0 °0.1 ° min to max 72.4 ° 0.6 10.6 °
80 % Average g force 1.20 g0.19 g min to max 2.31 g 0.97 0.85 g
Info Average VSI -36 fpm-7,641 fpm min to max 1,541 fpm 1,021 267 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,150 ft asl772 ft asl min to max 1,745 ft asl 949 894 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °-20.8 ° min to max 11.0 ° 6.8 2.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 1,123 ft agl · 204 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 855 ft agl · 205 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 793 ft agl · 215 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 855 ft agl · 205 kt
Info 49 Activated 855 ft agl · 205 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 842 ft agl · 204 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 838 ft agl · 169 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 856 ft agl · 163 kt
Arrival Approach 66.67Final approach to runway 02L at WSSS Singapore Changi Airport. Descent from 806 ft agl to 67 ft agl in 61 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
0 % On glideslopefailed
100 % On centrelinepassed
100 % On speedpassed
0 % Wings levelfailed

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Enroute Climb 855 ft agl · 205 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 827 ft agl · 138 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 622 ft agl · 134 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 842 ft agl · 204 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 838 ft agl · 169 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 856 ft agl · 163 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 713 ft agl · 137 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 465 ft agl · 137 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 278 ft agl · 140 kt
Arrival Landing 92.75Landing on runway 02L at WSSS Singapore Changi Airport, runway length 13,146 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 116 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 116 kt. Target 123 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
75 % The flare wandered off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 2.1° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 970 ft past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
100 % Runway alignment max 1.3 ft left1.3 ft left to 0.8 ft right 1.3 -0.8 ft
99 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 1.0 3.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g1.00 g min to max 1.10 g 1.02 1.10 g
Info Average speed 115 kt112 kt min to max 116 kt 116 112 kt
Info Average VSI -645 fpm-737 fpm min to max -432 fpm -737 -432 fpm
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl-3 ft agl min to max 45 ft agl 45 -3 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.8 °2.4 ° min to max 5.8 ° 2.4 5.8 °
02505007501,00001123344556Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,000-110-88-66-44-22022446688110Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 94.41Touchdown distance was good at 969 ft. Touchdown speed at 112 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -297 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 88 °F. Wind 13 kt at 148 °. Crosswind: 10 kt Tailwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
73 % Touchdown rate was -297 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 970 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 112 ktTarget below 119 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 4.1 ft right2.3 ft right -0.8 -4.1 ft
97 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 3.0 0.7 °
98 % Average g force 1.16 g1.09 g min to max 1.28 g 1.10 1.15 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 112 kt112 kt min to max 112 kt 112 112 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.8 °5.8 ° min to max 5.8 ° 5.8 5.8 °
Arrival Rollout 82.53Total landing distance 3,486 ft, 27 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 45 ft from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 3,486 ft27 % of runway.
61 % Runway alignment max 44.9 ft right29.3 ft left to 44.9 ft right -4.5 29.3 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.13 g 1.13 0.99 g
Info Average speed 94 kt60 kt min to max 118 kt 118 60 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-1.1 ° min to max 5.8 ° 5.8 -1.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 2.0 ° 0.8 0.1 °

Events

Info Parking Brake On 5 ft agl · 68 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 13 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 14 kt0 kt min to max 53 kt 53 0 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-1.1 ° min to max -0.7 ° -1.1 -0.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 0.99 1.00 g

Takeoff

FailTaxi lightsOff
100.00Takeoff roll2,899 ft · 22 %
100.00Liftoff speed120 kt · target 125, 5 slow
93.44Runway alignment15.9 ft R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
100.00Rate of climb659 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height44 ft
96.46Threshold speed116 kt · target 123, 7 slow
100.00Centreline offset1.3 ft L
Flare 74.78The flare wandered off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 2.1° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 970 ft past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: six checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.

Six checks, one gate500 ft 66.674 of 6
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

At the 500 ft gate: glideslope 4.7° against the runway's 3° and wings 11° of bank, against a 10° limit.

The approach, gate by gate

Gate Height Centreline Speed
2.0 nm 756 ft 1.84° L +52 kt
1.5 nm 858 ft 1.09° R +11 kt
1.0 nm 604 ft 0.58° R +9 kt
0.5 nm 228 ft 0.41° L +1 kt
THR 46 ft 1.4 ft L −7 kt

Touchdown on WSSS 02L

Past threshold100.00
970ft
Centreline100.00
4.1ft R
Speed100.00
112kttarget 119 or less
Touchdown rate73.29
-297fpm
Impact98.29
1.28G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.

44 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 44 ft, down at 970 ft

Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 13,146 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD CROSS 7 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 970 ft past threshold CLEARED

The 970 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 3,376 ft of 13,146 ft · 26 %
Rollout distance100.00
2,406ft26 % used
Rollout alignment61.18
44.9ft R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Cessna 750 Citation X taxied from the parking area to runway 20C at WSSS Singapore Changi Airport in 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm during the taxi-out.

During the departure roll on runway 20C, the aircraft accelerated to a liftoff speed of 121 kt and left the ground after a takeoff distance of 2,925 ft, representing 22 % of the runway. Ambient conditions were 91 °F with a wind of 11 kt from 130°, including an 11 kt crosswind component and a 3 kt headwind.

The en-route climb commenced approximately 1 mile west of WSAC Changi Air Base (East). The aircraft climbed from 949 ft asl to 894 ft asl, an increase of 56 ft, in 1 minute while covering 4 nm.

On final approach the aircraft was aligned with runway 02L at WSSS, approaching from the south on a heading of 21.0° at 2 nm and 882 ft agl.

Touchdown occurred on runway 02L, which is 13,146 ft long. The threshold speed was 116 kt, and the aircraft touched down 936 ft down the runway at 112 kt, with a hard touchdown rate of minus 432 fpm. Alignment at touchdown was perfect. Weather at the time was 88 °F with a wind of 13 kt from 148°, a 10 kt crosswind component and a 7 kt tailwind. The total landing distance recorded was 3,469 ft, equal to 26 % of the runway.

During rollout the aircraft remained slightly off centreline, deviating by 40 ft, and completed the landing roll within the recorded distance of 3,469 ft.

In summary, the flight covered a total distance of 8 nm, took 4 minutes, and used -2 lbs of fuel.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 20C at WSSS Singapore Changi Airport in the Cessna 750 Citation X
93.44 %
90 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
0 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
1 0 -1
93.69 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 20C at WSSS Singapore Changi Airport. Takeoff distance 2,899 ft 22 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 121 kt. Local weather - Temperature 91 °F. Wind 11 kt at 130 °. Crosswind: 11 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 2,899 ft using 22.03 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 121 kn - Target 125 kn
Alignment
93.44 %
0.0 ft left to 15.9 ft right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
0 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
130 70 10
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
9 4.5 0
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,000-110-100-90-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-100102030405060708090100110 Runway Distance ft Runway Alignment to End of Runway ft
100 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 20C WSSS Singapore Changi Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
130 125 120
Bank °
100 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
13 11 8
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,100 500 -100
100 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 20C WSSS Singapore Changi Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
140 130 120
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
18 15 12
Climb Rate fpm
Info
2,700 1,850 1,000
83.5 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 20C WSSS Singapore Changi Airport.
Alignment
0 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
58.75 %
140 130 120
Bank °
100 %
5 2.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
18 12 6
Climb Rate fpm
Info
2,900 1,900 900
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,0000179358537716895 Runway Distance ft Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50.7510100200300400500600700800900 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.50.751-200-160-120-80-4004080120160200 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment in (ft) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 02L at WSSS Singapore Changi Airport in the Cessna 750 Citation X
Landing Score 89.89 %
Landing Summary

The final approach to runway 02L at WSSS Singapore Changi Airport was conducted from the south on a heading of 21.0° at 2 nm and 882 ft agl. The aircraft encountered a temperature of 88 °F, wind 13 kt from 148°, a 10 kt cross-wind component and a 7 kt tail-wind component. The approach was stabilized and the aircraft remained on the centreline throughout the descent.

At threshold the height was good and the threshold speed was good at 116 kt. The flare produced a touchdown distance that was good at 936 ft and a touchdown speed of 112 kt that was a little fast. The touchdown rate was hard at minus 432 fpm and the runway touchdown alignment was perfect.

Touchdown occurred with the aircraft aligned precisely on the centreline, the speed remaining at 112 kt and the vertical rate at minus 432 fpm. The distance from the threshold measured 936 ft, well within the expected range, and the aircraft settled onto the runway with the expected hard rate.

Rollout continued for a total landing distance of 3,469 ft, representing 26 % of the 13,146 ft runway length. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 40 ft from the centreline. The overall landing earned a score of 93.7 %.

Refine flare timing to achieve a smoother touchdown and reduce the hard rate of minus 432 fpm. Maintain precise centreline tracking during rollout to eliminate the 40-ft deviation observed.

66.67 %
Approach
Final approach to runway 02L at WSSS Singapore Changi Airport. Descent from 806 ft agl to 67 ft agl in 61 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
Glideslope °
4 3 2
IAS kt
197 154 110
Alignment
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
59 30 0
G
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
1,164 -668 -2,500
00.250.50.7511.251.51.7522.252.52.7533.253.53.75401002003004005006007008009001,000 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.7511.251.51.7522.252.52.7533.253.53.754-920-690-460-2300230460690920 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
92.75 %
Landing
Landing on runway 02L at WSSS Singapore Changi Airport, runway length 13,146 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 116 kt.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
96.46 %
Threshold speed was slightly below target at 116 kt. Target 123 kt
Flare
74.78 %
The flare wandered off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 2.1° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 970 ft past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
99.36 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
116 113 110
Pitch °
Info
6 4 2
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-440 -620 -800
02505007501,00001123344556 Runway Distance ft Landing Height ft
02505007501,000-110-88-66-44-22022446688110 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
94.41 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 969 ft. Touchdown speed at 112 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -297 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 88 °F. Wind 13 kt at 148 °. Crosswind: 10 kt Tailwind: 7 kt.
Warning: Landed with a 7 kt tailwind
Touchdown
73.29 %
Touchdown rate was fair at -297 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 112 kt was good. Target below 119 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 969 ft.
Alignment
100 %
Runway touchdown alignment was perfect.
Bank
96.71 %
Bank angle 1.4 °
G
98.29 %
G 1.16 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
82.53 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 3,486 ft, 27 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 45 ft from centreline.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 3,486 ft using 26.52 % of runway
Alignment
61.18 %
Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 45 ft from centreline.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
112 81 50
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
6 2.5 -1
05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,000 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
Metrics
Metrics

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