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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Lower the nose and add power to raise climb speed to 125 kt.
What happened: Climb speed was 111 kt against a target of 125 kt, running 14 kt slow through the climb.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator against the climb target of 125 kt.
Arrival
Carry more power on final to hold 92 kt over the threshold.
What happened: The aircraft crossed the threshold at 79 kt against a 92 kt target, and a slow threshold speed like this usually carries through to a bounced touchdown.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 92 kt at the threshold
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 14 stages, 12 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
Rotated early
The nose came up at 86 kt, 9 kt before the 95 kt rotate speed.
The rotate speed is set for the weight and the flap, and the nose should not start up before it. Lifting it early brings the aircraft to its liftoff attitude with less speed in hand, and on a long fuselage that is the tail-strike case. Keep the hands still until the speed is there, then make one smooth, continuous pull.
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 1,765 m runway.
Rolled from 67 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 2.2 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.2 m left. Airborne 31 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 908 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 991 m of runway left; gear up at 78 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,610 fpm on average to 908 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 500 ft gate: sink rate more than 600 fpm beyond what the glideslope needed, glideslope more than 2° off the runway's 3° and speed more than 28 kt above the approach speed of 92 kt.
Still turning onto final at the lower gate, so the centreline and wings level are not asked there - the aeroplane was not lined up yet, and was banked because it was turning. The other checks are marked as usual.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: left of the centreline all the way, gear up until 1.6 nm, no landing flap until 1.6 nm, banked until 1.4 nm, high until 0.7 nm, fast until 0.4 nm and sinking too fast until 0.3 nm.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
High from 2.5 nm, where the final began, to 0.7 nm (up to 700 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 962 m left of the centreline at 2.5 nm.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 46 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 28 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 2.5 nm, where the final began, to 0.4 nm (up to +63 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
The flare mostly held the target profile
The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 7 times on the way down. Touchdown was 162 m past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.
Touchdown
Rollout
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 40 ft, 323 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 11 ft, 39 ft below the 50 ft target; ballooned 2 ft from 10 ft. Touched down 162 m in, 142 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 780 fpm at the flare to 140 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 6.7° on the way down. Into the flare at 96 kt, 4 kt over the 92 kt approach speed, and 71 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,585 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 2 m right of the centreline and drifted to 12 m left on the rollout. 6 kt across from the left, which takes about 5° of crab to hold the centreline at 71 kt. Touched down with 4° of it still on, wings level.
Wind 120° at 13 kt · 12 kt tail · 6 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
The 162 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.16 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
The Beechcraft Duke departed from runway 09 at TLPC George F. L. Charles Airport. Takeoff used 559 m, 32 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 86 kt. Local weather was 32 °C with wind 5 kt from 120°, a 4 kt crosswind and a 4 kt headwind.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl lasted 25 seconds, averaging 1,472 fpm and reaching 114 kt at the top. The climb continued from 918 ft asl to 3,477 ft asl in 3 minutes while covering 8 nm, beginning overhead TLPC George F. Level flight was held at 3,500 ft asl for 5 minutes, covering 14 nm, starting 3 nm north-east of Gros Islet.
Descent began at 3,213 ft asl and proceeded to 1,208 ft asl in 3 minutes, covering 9 nm, starting 2 nm north of Micoud. The final approach to runway 28 at TLPL Hewanorra International Airport descended from 1,363 ft agl to -31 ft agl in 60 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were met for gear down and landing flap, but not met for sink rate, glideslope and speed.
Landing on runway 28 used a threshold speed of 79 kt, a little below target. The flare was described as very good, though the pitch was pumped up and down during the flare. Touchdown occurred 162 m from the threshold at 70 kt with a smooth rate of -142 fpm and very good alignment. One bounce was observed on touchdown. Total landing distance was 771 m, 30 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was slightly off by 12.2 m from the centreline.
Local weather at landing was 31 °C with wind 13 kt from 120°, a 6 kt crosswind and an 11 kt tailwind. The flight covered 35 nm in 14 minutes and consumed 26 kg of fuel.
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