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CYUL
Montréal, Canada
Runway 24L
Elevation102 ft asl
Weight66,449 kg
Fuel1,050 kg
Wind300° · 15 kn · 14 kn cross

Flight Score

98.87 %
KLGA
New York, United States
Runway 31
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight64,031 kg
Fuel1,050 kg
Wind319° · 19 kn · 6 kn cross
9 Nov 2026 1:12 344 nm Boeing 737 MAX 8
Departure Score
97.24 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
99.38 %

What went well

Held the centreline on the roll in a 14 kn crosswind — 0.23 m off at liftoff
Touched down at -238 fpm — a soft arrival
Threshold crossed at 47 ft and 151 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Climb 3 — climb speed 157 kt against 183 kt at 85 %, −0.52 points
Departure Roll — Strobe Lights at 0 %, −0.33 points
Arrival Landing — bank angle up to 4.7 ° at 95 %, −0.11 points

Next time

Departure

Lower the nose and add power to raise climb speed to 183 kt.

What happened: Climb speed was 157 kt against a target of 183 kt, running 26 kt slow through the climb.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator against the climb target of 183 kt.

See Departure Climb 3

Arrival

Keep the back pressure coming once the flare is established, holding the attitude instead of letting the nose drop.

What happened: Sink came back after the flare had arrested it, and that pattern usually carries the touchdown long - here it landed at 549 m against the 457 m aim point.

Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a steady, shallow rate through the flare with no renewed sink before touchdown

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

The rudder input is a changing profile through the roll rather than one that is held. So the demand on your right foot starts large at power application, eases as speed builds and the rudder gains authority, then jumps again at rotation.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 18 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 38 minutes and covered 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kt0 kt min to max 27 kt 0 10 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 10 ktmax 12 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-1.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° -0.9 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.3 0.0 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 11 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 11 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 11 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Activated 11 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 11 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 11 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake On 11 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 11 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 11 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 11 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 11 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 11 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 11 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 11 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Engine 1 Stopped 11 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 11 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Parking Brake On 11 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 11 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 2 11 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 11 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 3 11 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 11 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 11 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 11 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 24L at CYUL Montreal / Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport, Average speed was 11 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 10 kt10 kt min to max 10 kt 10 10 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.2 -0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 95.00Departure roll runway 24L at CYUL Montreal / Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport. Takeoff distance 1,522 m 52 % of runway. Rotation speed was 147 kt. Local weather - Temperature 12 °C. Wind 15 kt at 300 °. Crosswind: 15 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,522 m52 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 147 ktTarget 148 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 0.47 m right0.30 m left to 0.47 m right -0.47 -0.23 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.92 g min to max 1.14 g 1.00 1.14 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-0.8 ° min to max 10.3 ° -0.0 10.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.4 °

Events

Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 99.37Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 24L CYUL Montreal / Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average speed 157 kt157 kt min to max 157 kt 157 157 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.4 °0.3 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.3 °
94 % Average g force 1.39 g1.16 g min to max 1.48 g 1.16 1.46 g
Info Average VSI 643 fpm88 fpm min to max 1,397 fpm 88 1,397 fpm
Info Average altitude 7 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 22 ft agl 0 22 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 16.4 °10.9 ° min to max 20.2 ° 10.9 20.2 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 39 ft agl · 156 kt
Departure Climb 2 99.69Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 24L CYUL Montreal / Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average speed 157 kt154 kt min to max 158 kt 157 154 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.2 °
97 % Average g force 1.35 g1.01 g min to max 1.46 g 1.46 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 2,137 fpm1,461 fpm min to max 4,032 fpm 1,461 4,032 fpm
Info Average altitude 65 ft agl23 ft agl min to max 299 ft agl 23 299 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 20.9 °20.4 ° min to max 22.9 ° 20.4 22.2 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Deactivated 77 ft agl · 157 kt
Departure Climb 3 92.13Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 24L CYUL Montreal / Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
85 % Climb speed 157 kt154 kt min to max 163 ktTarget 183 kt, 26 kt slow 154 163 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 9.3 °0.3 ° min to max 9.3 ° 0.3 7.8 °
99 % Average g force 0.90 g0.66 g min to max 0.97 g 0.80 0.97 g
94 % Landing gear up at 436 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl, 36 ft agl late
Info Heading variation -0.4 °-1.0 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -1.0 °
Info Average VSI 2,702 fpm2,277 fpm min to max 4,096 fpm 4,096 2,277 fpm
Info Average altitude 703 ft agl368 ft agl min to max 936 ft agl 368 936 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 15.3 °13.6 ° min to max 19.1 ° 19.1 13.6 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 559 ft agl · 155 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Dorval (Quebec, Canada). Climbing from 1,096 ft asl to 33,494 ft asl, an increase of 32,399 ft in 15 minutes and covering 96 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 255 kt164 kt min to max 274 kt 164 262 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 17.5 °0.0 ° min to max 17.5 ° 7.8 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.83 g min to max 1.11 g 0.98 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 2,212 fpm988 fpm min to max 4,562 fpm 2,289 1,354 fpm
Info Average altitude 19,267 ft asl1,096 ft asl min to max 33,494 ft asl 1,096 33,494 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.1 °3.9 ° min to max 16.5 ° 13.5 4.7 °
Info Turn coordination 0-8 min to max 2 -2 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 1,000 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 2,301 ft agl · 186 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3,751 ft agl · 214 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9,556 ft agl · 289 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Deactivated 18,352 ft agl · 362 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 8 miles south east of Newcomb (New York, United States) and lasted 10 minutes, covering 82 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,187 ft of 33,984 ft asl33,590 ft asl min to max 34,052 ft asl 33,737 33,590 ft asl
100 % Average speed 257 kt243 kt min to max 260 kt 260 243 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 15.5 °0.0 ° min to max 15.5 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.04 g 0.99 0.96 g
Info Turn coordination 0-1 min to max 5 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °1.0 ° min to max 4.6 ° 4.6 1.0 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles west of Castleton-on-Hudson (New York, United States). Descent from 33,236 ft asl to 345 ft asl, a decrease of 32,891 ft in 25 minutes and covering 128 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 194 kt140 kt min to max 259 kt 244 145 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 29.0 °0.0 ° min to max 29.0 ° 0.1 14.1 °
100.00 % Average g force 1.03 g0.84 g min to max 1.31 g 0.97 1.10 g
Info Average VSI -1,079 fpm-2,553 fpm min to max 254 fpm -2,302 -635 fpm
Info Average altitude 7,851 ft asl345 ft asl min to max 33,236 ft asl 33,236 345 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.8 °-0.8 ° min to max 9.1 ° 0.1 3.4 °
Info Turn coordination -1-26 min to max 19 0 2

Events

Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Activated 11,560 ft agl · 293 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 10,101 ft agl · 273 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Deactivated 4,133 ft agl · 251 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Activated 3,767 ft agl · 213 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 3,784 ft agl · 212 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 3,777 ft agl · 212 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 3,291 ft agl · 176 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 3,277 ft agl · 177 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3,269 ft agl · 177 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 3,269 ft agl · 177 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 3,263 ft agl · 176 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 2,673 ft agl · 166 kt
Info Flaps Position 7 1,770 ft agl · 152 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 1,274 ft agl · 150 kt
Arrival Approach 80.00Not counted in the flight scoreFinal approach to runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport. Descent from 436 ft agl to 63 ft agl in 40 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
0 % On speedfailed

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 178 ft agl · 150 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 170 ft agl · 151 kt
Info Flaps Position 7 170 ft agl · 151 kt
Arrival Landing (GA) 83.17Not counted in the flight scoreLanding on runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport, runway length 2,131 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 139 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
92 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 139 kt. Target 149 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
77 % The flare wandered off the target profile. The flare began at 93 ft agl above the runway, higher than this aircraft wants. Touchdown was 549 m past the threshold. Hold the aim point and let the runway come to you rather than anticipating the flare.
16 % Runway alignment max 69.61 m left69.61 m left to 10.15 m left 69.61 10.15 m
91 % Steepest bank angle 6.0 °0.2 ° min to max 6.0 ° 6.0 3.4 °
100 % Peak g force 1.20 g0.99 g min to max 1.20 g 0.99 1.13 g
Info Average speed 135 kt134 kt min to max 139 kt 139 136 kt
Info Average VSI -428 fpm-792 fpm min to max -47 fpm -791 -47 fpm
Info Average altitude 27 ft agl18 ft agl min to max 50 ft agl 50 18 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.6 °3.1 ° min to max 10.4 ° 3.1 10.4 °
Go-around Go-Around runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport at 30 ft agl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 166 kt136 kt min to max 230 kt 136 157 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 29.2 °0.0 ° min to max 29.2 ° 3.4 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.79 g min to max 1.30 g 1.24 1.11 g
Info Average altitude 1,661 ft agl30 ft agl min to max 3,067 ft agl 30 191 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.3 °-1.2 ° min to max 16.5 ° 10.5 1.5 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 167 ft agl · 149 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 1,021 ft agl · 159 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 1,062 ft agl · 158 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 1,113 ft agl · 158 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Deactivated 1,160 ft agl · 158 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 1,906 ft agl · 170 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Activated 2,181 ft agl · 184 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2,807 ft agl · 212 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2,695 ft agl · 215 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 2,767 ft agl · 215 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 2,772 ft agl · 216 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 2,922 ft agl · 216 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2,792 ft agl · 166 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 2,792 ft agl · 166 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 1,737 ft agl · 161 kt
Info Flaps Position 7 1,725 ft agl · 161 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 607 ft agl · 152 kt
Info Flaps Position 7 593 ft agl · 153 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport. Descent from 456 ft agl to 61 ft agl in 29 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
100 % On speedpassed
Arrival Landing 98.41Landing on runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport, runway length 2,131 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 152 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 152 kt. Target 150 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
97 % Excellent landing flare. It lost 2.7 points, mostly for rising 2 ft agl in the flare.
96 % Runway alignment max 12.84 m left12.84 m left to 3.65 m left 12.84 3.65 m
95 % Steepest bank angle 4.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 4.7 0.7 °
100 % Peak g force 1.14 g0.92 g min to max 1.14 g 0.92 0.94 g
Info Average speed 145 kt138 kt min to max 152 kt 152 138 kt
Info Average VSI -355 fpm-651 fpm min to max -31 fpm -499 -163 fpm
Info Average altitude 15 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 48 ft agl 48 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °1.4 ° min to max 5.3 ° 1.5 3.3 °
07515022530037545052560067501223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525600675-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 98.50Touchdown point was 135 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 138 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -238 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 3.6 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 13 °C. Wind 18 kt at 320 °. Crosswind: 5 kt Headwind: 17 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -238 fpm.
90 % Touchdown distance was 549 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 138 ktTarget below 139 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 3.65 m left3.42 m left 3.65 3.27 m
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.7 °0.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.7 0.1 °
100 % Peak g force 1.24 g0.94 g min to max 1.24 g 0.94 1.10 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 138 kt137 kt min to max 138 kt 138 137 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °2.9 ° min to max 3.3 ° 3.3 2.9 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 1,123 m, 53 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,123 m53 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 2.11 m left2.11 m left to 0.00 m left 2.11 1.84 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 1.00 g
Info Average speed 86 kt57 kt min to max 114 kt 114 57 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-1.1 ° min to max 2.9 ° 2.9 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.1 0.5 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 57 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 37 kt14 kt min to max 57 kt 57 14 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.8 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.5 0.5 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 11 ft agl · 31 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 11 ft agl · 29 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 11 kt0 kt min to max 21 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 16 ktmax 20 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-0.9 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.3 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.3 0.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 11 ft agl
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 11 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 11 ft agl

Takeoff from CYUL 24L

Taxi out

Lights75.00
Offstrobes
Taxi speed100.00
27kt peak10 kt in turns

The roll

Takeoff roll100.00
1,522m52 %
Runway alignment100.00
0.47m R
Rotation speed100.00
147kttarget 148, 1 early

Liftoff pitch close to a tail strike

The wheels left at 10.9°, 0.1° short of this aircraft's 11° tail strike.

The tail can only touch while the main wheels are still on the runway, so the margin that matters is the one at liftoff. Rotate at the rotate speed, at the normal rate, and let the aircraft fly itself off at its own attitude: keep the pull going towards the climb attitude only once the wheels have left. Rotating early, or pulling faster than the aircraft can lift off, is what eats the margin.

Liftoff and climb

Liftoff
156ktat 10.9°
Rotation
7.0°/sover 0.9 s, gaining 9 kt
35 ft
157ktat 20.7°, 2.6 s after liftoff
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Bank after liftoff100.00
0.4°steepest
Gear up94.06
436ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed85.03
157kttarget 183

Plan view the roll down the 2,923 m runway.

Rolled from 126 m in, never more than 1.2 m off the centreline, in 14 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 52 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS14 kn75 %widest 1.20 m RROLL 126 M INAirborne 1,528 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,528 m of 2,923 m · 52 %
Behind the start of the roll, 126 mTakeoff roll, 1,402 m Left ahead, 1,395 m

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 936 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,189 m of runway left; gear up at 436 ft, 36 ft past the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,630 fpm on average to 936 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3157 kt avgtarget 183THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLnose up on the runway · 73 m · 0.9 sRotate 147 kttarget 148Liftoff 156 ktGear up 436 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayNose up, wheels on the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The rotation detail below draws the rotation against the rates for this aircraft and its tail-strike pitch, where the slope reads properly. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 183180 kt12060025°13°0°nose up on the runway · 73 m · 0.9 sROTATELIFTOFFGEAR UPtarget 148held 18.5°10.9° off · 7.0°/s21° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganNose up, wheels on the runwayClimb attitude heldClimb 3

Rotation detail the pitch over the seconds from rotation to 35 ft, where the slope reads properly.

How to read this

The pitch over the seconds from the nose starting to come up to 35 ft, stretched so the slope reads properly. The green dot is where the nose started up, the grey band runs to the wheels leaving, and the figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up. The two dashed green lines rising from the rotation point are 2.6 to 3.5° a second, the middle half of rotation rates flown by other Boeing 737 MAX 8 pilots over the last 180 days (80 takeoffs); the grey pair are 2 to 3° a second, the rates airliners are rotated at. A trace steeper than both green lines is a faster rotation than most, one shallower than both a slower one. The red dashed line is 11°, the pitch at which this aircraft's tail touches the runway with the wheels still on it, drawn from rotation to liftoff only: once the wheels leave, every foot climbed adds tail clearance.

25°13°0°2.6°/s2°/s3.5°/s3°/sTAIL STRIKE 11°ROTATELIFTOFF35 FT10.9° off · 7.0°/s21° at 35 ftROTATION DETAIL-2-10+1+2+3+4+5+6+7 sseconds from rotation
PitchRotation began2.6 to 3.5°/s, other Boeing 737 MAX 8 pilots2 to 3°/s from rotation, airlinersTail strikeNose up, wheels on the runway

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.

Five checks, one gate300 ft 100.005 of 5
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate860 fpm
On glideslope3.4°
On speed+3.7 kt

Still turning onto final at the lower gate, so the centreline and wings level are not asked there - the aeroplane was not lined up yet, and was banked because it was turning. The other checks are marked as usual.

When the approach was stable

Never every check met at once: banked until 0.7 nm, left of the centreline from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KLGA 31

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 1.2 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 70 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND191300 ft gate5 of 5386 ft · 149 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 380 m left of the centreline at 1.2 nm, then drifted 48 m right between 0.9 and 0.3 nm, then 16 m left of it from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND21 m R17 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 36 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 22 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +4 kt and +13 kt on the approach speed of 145 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

140160180200 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 145+13 kt+7 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KLGA 31

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
47ft
Threshold speed100.00
151kttarget 150, 1 fast
Centreline offset96.22
12.84m L
Bank94.50
4.7°steepest
Flare97.33

Excellent landing flare

It lost 2.7 points, mostly for rising 2 ft agl in the flare.

Touchdown

Past threshold89.98
549m
Centreline100.00
3.65m L
Speed100.00
138kttarget 139 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-238fpm
Impact100.00
1.24G
BouncesOk
None
Bank100.00
0.7°as the wheels touched

Rollout

Rollout distance100.00
530m51 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
2.11m L

Taxi in

LightsOk
All set
Taxi speed100.00
21kt peak16 kt in turns

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 47 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 16 ft; ballooned 2 ft from 2 ft. Touched down 549 m in, 244 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

47 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT held off 203 m from the lowest point 80 ft400 Flare 16 ft · −561 fpm · 2.9° · 149 ktballooned +2 ft · from 2 ft to 4 ft−237 fpm · 3.3° nose up · 138 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 47 ft, down at 549 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 110 fpm before coming down at 240 fpm to touch. The pitch barely changed. Into the flare at 149 kt, on the 150 kt approach speed, and 138 kt at touchdown.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−237 fpm at touchdown3.3° at touchdown, +0.4° from the flareclimbing 112 fpm
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,131 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 3.3 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 3.7 m left at the widest. 5 kt across from the right, which takes about 2° of crab to hold the centreline at 138 kt. Touched down straight - the crab taken out before the wheels touched, wings level.

Wind 319° at 19 kt · 18 kt head · 5 kt across

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 5 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 549 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 549 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,079 m of 2,131 m · 51 %
In the air over the runway, 549 mRollout, 530 m Left over, 1,051 m

The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.

From 115 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 20 s, an average deceleration of 0.23 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012060 kt · 546 m30 kt · 718 mtouchdown747 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Boeing 737 MAX 8 departed from runway 24L at CYUL Montreal / Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport. The take-off roll used 1,522 m, which was 52 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 147 kt. Local weather was 12 °C with a wind of 15 kt from 300°, giving a 15 kt crosswind component and a 3 kt headwind component.

Initial climb reached 1,000 ft agl in 20 seconds, averaging 2,327 fpm and attaining 163 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then climbed from 1,096 ft asl to 33,494 ft asl in 15 minutes while covering 96 nm, starting overhead Dorval. Cruise was level at 34,000 ft asl for 10 minutes, covering 82 nm, beginning 8 miles south-east of Newcomb. Descent began from 33,236 ft asl to 345 ft asl in 25 minutes, covering 128 nm, starting 2 miles west of Castleton-on-Hudson.

On final approach to runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport, the aircraft descended from 436 ft agl to 63 ft agl in 40 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate and glideslope, but speed was not met. Configuration at 170 ft agl was gear down at 151 kt and final flap position 7 at 151 kt.

A go-around was executed on runway 31 at KLGA at 30 ft agl.

The subsequent final approach to runway 31 descended from 456 ft agl to 61 ft agl in 29 seconds. At 500 ft the stabilisation checks were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope and speed. Configuration remained gear down at 170 ft agl, 151 kt, with flap 7 at 151 kt.

Landing occurred on runway 31, whose length is 2,131 m. The threshold height was good and the threshold speed was 152 kt. The flare was described as excellent. Touchdown was 135 m beyond the touchdown zone, at a speed of 138 kt, with a rate of -238 fpm. The touchdown point was slightly misaligned by 3.6 m from the centreline. Local weather was 13 °C with wind 18 kt from 320°, giving a 5 kt crosswind and a 17 kt headwind. No bounce occurred. Total landing distance was 1,123 m, 53 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect.

Taxiing from the runway to the parking area took 1 minute and covered less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 344 nm in 72 minutes and used 0 kg of fuel.

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