Events
Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Smooth the climb
A good takeoff has a defined shape. It also has a defined end. For an airliner that's thrust reduction and acceleration, commonly somewhere around 1,000 to 1,500 ft above the airfield depending on the operator, while for a light aircraft it's established at Vy with the flaps on schedule. Most simmers have no defined end to their takeoff, which is exactly why it never gets judged.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 14 stages, 14 in the score
Events
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 65 kt with 5.6° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 457 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 952 m of runway left; then climbing at 670 fpm on average to 457 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 1,730 m runway.
Rolled from 522 m in, drifted 1.7 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 35 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
Right-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.
Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 0.9 nm out at 87 kt
The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.
Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded
The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.
Off heading: 9° from the leg's heading on average.
Each lap slightly wider and higher than the last, because you're unconsciously using the previous lap as your reference instead of the runway and the numbers. Invisible lap to lap, unmistakable across ten. This is the failure that only measurement catches, because your memory of lap three is gone by lap eight.
Read more in Pattern WorkTurn onto downwind: scored 46.
The 45-degrees-behind-the-wing cue assumes you can turn your head and use peripheral vision. Downwind spacing cues like "put the wingtip halfway up the strut" assume a fixed, known eyepoint. Neither survives a monitor unmodified. If you fly on a fixed monitor, stop pretending and fly a numbers-based circuit.
Read more in Pattern WorkEarly: turned base with the threshold 58° behind, against 45°.
Base. Turn 90 degrees towards the runway when the threshold sits about 45 degrees behind your shoulder. Descend at around 80 kt with second-stage flap. The geometry of that 45-degree cue isn't arbitrary. It produces a base leg long enough to lose roughly 500 ft at about 500 fpm before the final turn. Once you know that's what the cue is for, you can derive your own turn point for any aircraft and any speed.
Read more in Pattern WorkGood: full marks on the turn.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 1.3 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 160 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 1.3 nm, never more than 116 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between +1 kt and +11 kt on the approach speed of 65 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.
Wind 120° at 9 kt · 9 kt head · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 41 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 249 m in, 55 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 520 fpm at 38 ft to 50 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.7° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,730 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 4.4 m right of the centreline.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
The 249 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a departure roll from runway 11 at EKRK Copenhagen Roskilde Airport. The aircraft, a PA28 Warrior II, accelerated down the runway and lifted off at a speed of 66 kt, covering a distance of 98 m, which was 6% of the runway length. The local weather conditions at the time of takeoff were characterized by a temperature of 19 °C and a wind speed of 9 kt blowing from a direction of 120 °. This resulted in a crosswind of 1 kt and a headwind of 9 kt.
After takeoff, the pilot entered a right-hand pattern, navigating the aircraft around the airport. The entry into the pattern was smooth, with the aircraft covering a distance of less than 1 nm in 12 seconds. The pilot then executed a right-hand pattern crosswind, which was completed in less than 1 nm in 6 seconds. The subsequent pattern turns and legs were executed with precision, with the pilot maintaining a steady speed and control throughout.
The pattern downwind turn was completed at an angle of 63.4 ° to the runway, covering a distance of 1 nm. The downwind leg itself was short, lasting less than 1 nm in 21 seconds. The base leg turn was executed at an angle of 57.5 ° to the runway, covering a distance of 1 nm. The base leg was completed in less than 1 nm in 14 seconds. The final turn was completed in less than 1 nm in 22 seconds, setting the aircraft up for a smooth final approach.
The final approach to runway 11 was made from the west, with the aircraft flying at a heading of 114.0 ° and an altitude of 415 ft above ground level (agl). The pilot maintained a steady speed and control throughout the approach, and the aircraft landed smoothly on the runway. The touchdown distance was good, covering a distance of 248 m, and the touchdown speed was also good, at 54 kt. The touchdown rate was excellent, at -53 fpm.
The landing was slightly misaligned, with the aircraft touching down 4.4 m off the centreline of the runway. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were the same as at the time of takeoff, with a temperature of 19 °C and a wind speed of 9 kt blowing from a direction of 120 °. The crosswind was 1 kt, and the headwind was 9 kt.
The total flight distance was 6 nm, and the flight lasted for 4 minutes. The aircraft used 2 kg of fuel during the flight. Overall, the flight was executed smoothly and safely, with the pilot demonstrating good control and precision throughout.
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