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CYKZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 21
Elevation636 ft asl
Weight4,059 lbs
Fuel564 lbs
Wind230° · 15 kn · 7 kn cross

Flight Score

84.51 %
CYHS
Hanover, Canada
Runway 19
Elevation919 ft asl
Weight3,987 lbs
Fuel491 lbs
11 Feb 2023 0:38 79 nm Beechcraft Baron G58 73 lbs
Departure Score
87.00 %
Enroute Score
89.94 %
Arrival Score
70.95 %

What went well

Touchdown 753 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 0.9 ft off the centreline, no bounce
1.25 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Arrival Landing — at 0 %, bank angle up to 6.0 ° at 0 %, −4.25 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 3.1 ° at 0 %, bank angle up to 6.0 ° at 0 %, −3.76 points
Departure Climb 3 — bank angle up to 25.6 ° at 0 %, −1.67 points

Next time

Work on the flare

See Arrival Landing

Trim is the hidden variable. In trim, the flare is a small refinement to an aircraft already in equilibrium, a couple of millimetres of stick. Out of trim, you're holding a constant force all the way down final, and the flare becomes a large, badly judged movement stacked on top of a load you're already carrying. A striking proportion of "I can't judge the flare" complaints are trim complaints wearing a disguise. If you're holding pressure at 500 feet, fix that before you practise anything else.

Read more in How to Land a Plane Smoothly in Microsoft Flight Simulator

Start to finish · 18 stages, 17 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 81.40Departure roll runway 21 at CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun. Takeoff distance 0 ft 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 104 kn. Local weather - Temperature 31 °F. Wind 15 kn at 229 °. Crosswind: 7 kn Headwind: 13 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 ft0 % of runway
61 % Liftoff speed was 104 knTarget 90 kn
96 % Runway alignment max 3.9 ft3.9 ft left to 0.0 ft left 3.8 2.5 ft
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.02 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.8 °0.9 ° min to max 2.7 ° 1.0 2.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.1 0.7 °

Events

Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Fail Taxi Light ON should OFF
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 16 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 3 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Departure Climb 1 92.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 21 CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.5 °
100 % Average speed 114 kn104 kn min to max 122 kn 104 120 kn
68 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 0.7 2.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.13 g1.02 g min to max 1.23 g 1.02 1.10 g
Info Average VSI 680 ft/m385 ft/m min to max 966 ft/m 385 966 ft/m
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 43 ft agl 0 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °2.9 ° min to max 8.6 ° 2.9 8.6 °
Departure Climb 2 94.58Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 21 CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.8 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.5 -0.8 °
100 % Average speed 126 kn119 kn min to max 143 kn 119 143 kn
78 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 2.3 2.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.93 g min to max 1.15 g 1.10 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 1,366 ft/m992 ft/m min to max 2,020 ft/m 992 2,020 ft/m
Info Average altitude 118 ft agl54 ft agl min to max 394 ft agl 54 394 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.9 °7.8 ° min to max 9.5 ° 8.8 9.5 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 383 ft agl · 143 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 383 ft agl · 143 kt
Departure Climb 3 80.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 21 CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.4 °-0.8 ° min to max 0.8 ° -0.8 0.8 °
100 % Average speed 155 kn144 kn min to max 162 kn 144 162 kn
0 % Average bank angle 11.6 °0.7 ° min to max 25.6 ° 1.8 25.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.84 g min to max 1.20 g 0.96 0.84 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 2,302 ft/m1,613 ft/m min to max 3,176 ft/m 2,072 3,060 ft/m
Info Average altitude 622 ft agl420 ft agl min to max 850 ft agl 420 850 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.4 °7.2 ° min to max 13.6 ° 9.6 10.8 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 465 ft agl · 144 kt
Info Battery Master On 637 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 637 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 637 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 637 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 637 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 637 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 637 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 637 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 637 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 637 ft agl
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 700 ft agl · 157 kt
Enroute Climb 60.00Enroute climb started overhead CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun Toronto (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,538 ft asl to 1,777 ft asl, an increase of 239 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Climb speed 180 kn165 kn min to max 191 knTarget 105 kn 165 187 kn
100 % Average bank angle 27.3 °26.3 ° min to max 28.6 ° 26.7 26.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.83 g min to max 1.20 g 0.85 1.13 g
Info Average VSI 741 ft/m-443 ft/m min to max 2,738 ft/m 2,738 -120 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,757 ft asl1,538 ft asl min to max 1,841 ft asl 1,538 1,777 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °-0.7 ° min to max 9.4 ° 9.4 0.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 90.37Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of CYKZ Toronto\/Buttonville Mun Toronto (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 8 minutes, covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
68 % Average altitude 1,760 ft asl1,753 ft asl min to max 1,775 ft asl 1,775 1,758 ft asl
100 % Average speed 177 kn175 kn min to max 185 kn 185 175 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 26.4 ° 26.4 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.77 g min to max 1.13 g 1.12 1.09 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °0.3 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.8 1.7 °

Events

Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 875 ft agl · 176 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 872 ft agl · 176 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 808 ft agl · 176 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 789 ft agl · 176 kt
Enroute Climb 2 99.66Enroute climb started 2 miles south east of CPW3 Nobleton Nobleton (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,761 ft asl to 2,691 ft asl, an increase of 930 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 171 kn168 kn min to max 176 kn 176 169 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.7 0.1 °
97 % Average g force 1.02 g0.70 g min to max 1.31 g 0.99 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 1,677 ft/m1 ft/m min to max 3,638 ft/m 117 1,840 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,122 ft asl1,761 ft asl min to max 2,691 ft asl 1,761 2,691 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.0 °1.0 ° min to max 14.2 ° 1.5 7.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 864 ft agl · 175 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 864 ft agl · 175 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 862 ft agl · 175 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,366 ft agl · 172 kt
Enroute Level 2 83.28Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south of CPW3 Nobleton Nobleton (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 24 minutes, covering 55 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
45 % Average altitude 2,786 ft asl2,592 ft asl min to max 2,843 ft asl 2,722 2,592 ft asl
100 % Average speed 175 kn166 kn min to max 192 kn 173 168 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 4.0 ° 0.1 1.4 °
97 % Average g force 1.00 g0.69 g min to max 1.17 g 0.99 0.95 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °-0.9 ° min to max 7.3 ° 7.3 0.8 °

Events

Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 1,947 ft agl · 178 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 1,933 ft agl · 177 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,312 ft agl · 176 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 1,326 ft agl · 176 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 1,326 ft agl · 176 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 1,506 ft agl · 168 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,473 ft agl · 168 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles south east of CAP2 Allan Park (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 2,591 ft asl to 1,765 ft asl, a decrease of 825 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 148 kn110 kn min to max 171 kn 168 110 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 19.5 ° 1.2 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.09 g 0.95 0.97 g
Info Average VSI -386 ft/m-750 ft/m min to max 17 ft/m -85 -387 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,222 ft asl1,765 ft asl min to max 2,591 ft asl 2,591 1,765 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-1.2 ° min to max 2.4 ° 0.7 1.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,307 ft agl · 169 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,199 ft agl · 143 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,049 ft agl · 123 kt
Enroute Level 3 90.47Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north east of Hanover (Ontario, Canada) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
68 % Average altitude 1,702 ft asl1,641 ft asl min to max 1,758 ft asl 1,758 1,641 ft asl
100 % Average speed 96 kn89 kn min to max 111 kn 110 93 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.1 ° min to max 2.4 ° 1.1 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.09 g 0.97 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °-0.4 ° min to max 3.1 ° 1.2 -0.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 879 ft agl · 110 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north east of Hanover (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 1,635 ft asl to 1,272 ft asl, a decrease of 363 ft in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 94 kn91 kn min to max 97 kn 94 97 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 5.7 ° 0.4 2.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.16 g 1.00 0.92 g
Info Average VSI -348 ft/m-492 ft/m min to max 293 ft/m -364 55 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,429 ft asl1,253 ft asl min to max 1,635 ft asl 1,635 1,272 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-0.1 ° min to max 4.5 ° -0.1 2.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 426 ft agl · 95 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 406 ft agl · 96 kt
Enroute Climb 3 99.09Enroute climb started overhead Hanover (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,272 ft asl to 1,894 ft asl, an increase of 622 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 146 kn94 kn min to max 172 kn 94 172 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 6.0 ° 0.1 1.8 °
91 % Average g force 1.03 g0.89 g min to max 1.41 g 1.03 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 1,121 ft/m-25 ft/m min to max 2,672 ft/m 20 2,531 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,454 ft asl1,272 ft asl min to max 1,894 ft asl 1,272 1,894 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °1.7 ° min to max 10.3 ° 2.2 8.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 4 86.56Enroute level cruise started overhead CYHS Saugeen Mun Hanover (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
60 % Average altitude 2,068 ft asl1,933 ft asl min to max 2,147 ft asl 1,933 2,057 ft asl
100 % Average speed 134 kn101 kn min to max 171 kn 171 102 kn
100 % Average bank angle 16.8 °0.5 ° min to max 37.5 ° 1.9 26.3 °
85 % Average g force 1.05 g0.49 g min to max 1.29 g 0.98 1.07 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °-0.7 ° min to max 9.2 ° 9.0 0.4 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,232 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,055 ft agl · 125 kt
Arrival 99.20Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started overhead CYHS Saugeen Mun Hanover (Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 89 kn78 kn min to max 106 kn 98 80 kn
100 % Average bank angle 16.4 °0.0 ° min to max 30.6 ° 26.1 0.0 °
96 % Average g force 1.07 g0.85 g min to max 1.32 g 1.10 1.07 g
Info Average VSI -613 ft/m-1,348 ft/m min to max 48 ft/m -818 -618 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,836 ft asl1,531 ft asl min to max 2,042 ft asl 2,042 1,531 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-3.8 ° min to max 4.6 ° 0.3 2.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 974 ft agl · 108 kt
Arrival Final 1 54.86Approaching runway 19 at CYHS Saugeen Mun from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 604 ft agl to 41 ft agl. A decrease of 563 ft in 41 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Approach angle 3.1 °1.7 ° min to max 5.6 °Target 3.0 ° 5.6 1.7 °
100 % Average speed 81 kn76 kn min to max 86 kn 79 80 kn
74 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.9 0.2 °
0 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 6.0 ° 1.2 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.81 g min to max 1.18 g 0.99 1.12 g
Info Average VSI -726 ft/m-1,155 ft/m min to max -441 ft/m -524 -441 ft/m
Info Average altitude 147 ft agl41 ft agl min to max 604 ft agl 604 41 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-2.5 ° min to max 4.6 ° 1.1 4.6 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500550Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-170-128-85-4304385128170Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 48.98Landing on runway 19 at CYHS Saugeen Mun, runway length 3,960 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 80 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
98 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 80 kn. Target 80 kn
40 % Landing and flare profile
95 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.2 °
0 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.0 ° min to max 6.0 ° 0.8 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.85 g min to max 1.17 g 1.12 0.87 g
Info Average speed 70 kn62 kn min to max 80 kn 80 64 kn
Info Average VSI -239 ft/m-432 ft/m min to max -81 ft/m -432 -181 ft/m
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 23 ft agl 23 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °3.2 ° min to max 7.2 ° 4.8 3.2 °
025050075001123344557Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft0250500750-50-40-30-20-1001020304050Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 91.25Touchdown distance was good at 721 ft. Touchdown speed at 63 kn was good. Touchdown rate was good at -190 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 33 °F. Wind 16 kn at 200 °. Crosswind: 5 kn Headwind: 15 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
89 % Touchdown VSI was -190 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 721 ftTarget 1,500 ft
81 % Speed at touchdown 63 knTarget 72 kn
86 % Runway alignment max 8.9 ft5.2 ft left 8.9 0.9 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g0.99 g min to max 1.25 g 0.99 1.01 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 64 kn61 kn min to max 66 kn 63 66 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °1.4 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.0 3.0 °
Arrival Rollout 88.72Total landing distance 1,180 ft, 30 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,180 ft30 % of runway.
75 % Runway alignment max 14.3 ft0.3 ft left to 14.0 ft right 0.3 -3.3 ft
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average speed 64 kn41 kn min to max 70 kn 70 41 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °0.4 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.8 0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.2 °

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 104 kt with 2.9° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

180 kt12060020°10°0°LIFTOFF2.9° off8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0102030 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 14 kt 1.4° 0 s
80 kt510 ft 80 kt 2.4° 6.6 s
Liftoff1,018 ft 104 kt 2.9° 10.2 s
35 ft1,585 ft · 3.3 s after liftoff 120 kt 7.9° 13.5 s
End of Climb 36,820 ft · 850 ft 162 kt 10.9° 37.9 s

Takeoff from CYKZ 21

Takeoff roll100.00
1,413ft52 %
Liftoff speed60.92
104kt
Runway alignment96.10
3.9ft L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb92.00
679fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 850 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 703 ft of runway left; then climbing at 1,840 fpm on average to 850 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 104 ktSCALE CHANGES0.7 nm past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,692 ft runway.

Rolled from 404 ft in, never more than 4 ft off the centreline, in 5 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 52 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS5 kn75 %widest 3.9 ft LROLL 404 FT INAirborne 1,422 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,422 ft of 2,692 ft · 53 %
Behind the start of the roll, 404 ftTakeoff roll, 1,018 ft Left ahead, 1,270 ft

The approach to CYHS 19

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 1.4 nm, where the final began, to 0.4 nm (up to 500 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND994704362
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 610 ft left of the centreline at 1.4 nm, then inside the band from 0.2 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR1000 ft L01000 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND45 ft R202 ft L29 ft L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CYHS 19

Over the threshold

Threshold height0.00
23ft
Threshold speed98.04
80kt
Centreline offset95.00
0.3ft L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
753ft
Centreline85.58
8.9ft L
Speed81.18
63kt
Touchdown rate88.71
-190fpm
Impact100.00
1.25G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No wind recorded: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 3° right of the track, wings level.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 56 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 8 s, an average deceleration of 0.23 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608030 kt · 555 fttouchdown577 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 3,960 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 23 ft, 27 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 753 ft in, 247 ft short of the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 3,960 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

23 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −189 fpm · 3.2° nose up · 64 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 23 ft, down at 753 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 240 fpm at 17 ft to 70 fpm at 2 ft, then back up to 190 fpm at touchdown. The nose went down 1.2° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−189 fpm at touchdown3.2° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 3,960 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 14 ft right at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

1,0002,0003,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 753 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 753 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,113 ft of 3,960 ft · 28 %
In the air over the runway, 753 ftRollout, 360 ft Left over, 2,847 ft
Rollout distance100.00
360ft27 % used
Rollout alignment74.94
14.0ft R

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