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EDFB
Reichelsheim, Germany
Runway 18
Elevation397 ft asl
Weight953 kg
Fuel86 kg
Wind240° · 14 kn · 13 kn cross

Flight Score

89.80 %
EDX1
Schotten, Germany
Runway 25
Elevation2,198 ft asl
Weight944 kg
Fuel77 kg
Wind258° · 15 kn · 1 kn cross
7 Jun 2026 0:14 26 nm Piper PA-24-250 Comanche 9 kg
Departure Score
93.17 %
Enroute Score
99.35 %
Arrival Score
76.87 %

What went well

Held the centreline on the roll in a 12 kn crosswind — 1.80 m off at liftoff
Touchdown 319 m in — inside the full-score zone
Flare on profile — 100 %

What held you back

Arrival Rollout — Landing distance 771 m at 32 %, g force 0.15 to 0.98 g at 37 %, −4.22 points
Arrival Touchdown — Landing Bounce at 60 %, g force 0.23 to 1.05 g at 70 %, −1.33 points
Arrival Approach — 500 ft gate 86 %, −1.19 points
Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, g force 0.02 to 1.07 g at 56 %, −0.80 points

Next time

Maintain a smooth pitch

See Departure Roll

When Vr arrives, an abrupt near-full-scale pull, pitch overshoots, a push, and an oscillation through the first 200 ft. It feels like “this aircraft is twitchy” but the actual fault happened before liftoff. The pitch trace needs to show a clean ramp during liftoff.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 12 stages, 10 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield, Average speed was 4 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 8 kt0 kt min to max 21 kt 0 21 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °3.8 ° min to max 4.0 ° 4.0 3.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
Info Average g force 0.98 g0.88 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 0.88 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Landing Gear Activated 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Departure Roll 90.40Departure roll runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield. Takeoff distance 346 m 28 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 67 kt. Local weather - Temperature 19 °C. Wind 14 kt at 240 °. Crosswind: 13 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 346 m28 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 67 ktTarget 70 kt
99 % Runway alignment max 3.26 m right0.00 m left to 3.26 m right -2.13 -1.80 m
56 % Average g force 0.42 g0.02 g min to max 1.07 g 0.86 1.07 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °2.8 ° min to max 3.9 ° 3.8 3.9 °
Info Average bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 4.4 ° 0.0 4.4 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Departure Climb 1 99.33Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Heading variation -0.5 °-1.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -1.2 °
100 % Average speed 78 kt67 kt min to max 84 kt 67 84 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.2 ° 4.2 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.96 g min to max 1.10 g 1.06 1.08 g
Info Average VSI 398 fpm293 fpm min to max 602 fpm 293 602 fpm
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 31 ft agl 0 31 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.8 °4.0 ° min to max 7.6 ° 4.0 7.6 °
Departure Climb 2 91.28Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
65 % Heading variation -2.0 °-4.8 ° min to max -1.3 ° -1.3 -4.8 °
100 % Average speed 85 kt80 kt min to max 91 kt 84 91 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 4.4 ° 0.4 3.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.80 g min to max 1.10 g 1.07 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 916 fpm610 fpm min to max 1,567 fpm 610 893 fpm
Info Average altitude 96 ft agl32 ft agl min to max 368 ft agl 32 368 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.4 °7.5 ° min to max 13.4 ° 7.6 7.7 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 134 ft agl · 90 kt
Departure Climb 3 91.66Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 91 kt88 kt min to max 93 ktTarget 87 kt, 4 kt fast 91 88 kt
58 % Average bank angle 11.5 °3.4 ° min to max 33.3 ° 3.4 33.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.92 g0.81 g min to max 0.96 g 0.95 0.91 g
100 % Landing gear up at 73 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -6.0 °-7.1 ° min to max -5.4 ° -5.4 -7.1 °
Info Average VSI 1,140 fpm923 fpm min to max 1,419 fpm 948 923 fpm
Info Average altitude 447 ft agl383 ft agl min to max 526 ft agl 383 526 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.1 °7.5 ° min to max 10.8 ° 8.1 7.5 °
Enroute Climb 98.72Enroute climb started overhead Florstadt (Hessen, Germany). Climbing from 692 ft asl to 3,444 ft asl, an increase of 2,752 ft in 5 minutes and covering 12 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 126 kt89 kt min to max 138 kt 89 132 kt
97 % Average bank angle 6.2 °0.1 ° min to max 41.6 ° 36.5 8.3 °
99.6 % Average g force 0.92 g0.60 g min to max 1.26 g 0.91 0.60 g
Info Average VSI 626 fpm-251 fpm min to max 2,180 fpm 643 225 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,818 ft asl692 ft asl min to max 3,444 ft asl 692 3,444 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °-0.6 ° min to max 11.9 ° 5.7 0.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 99.98Enroute level cruise started 2 miles north of Hirzenhain (Hessen, Germany) and lasted 4 minutes, covering 10 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±672 ft of 3,635 ft asl3,447 ft asl min to max 3,753 ft asl 3,447 3,522 ft asl
100 % Average speed 126 kt94 kt min to max 138 kt 132 94 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.5 °0.0 ° min to max 25.5 ° 8.1 0.8 °
99.8 % Average g force 0.92 g0.60 g min to max 1.38 g 0.89 0.87 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-6.8 ° min to max 4.5 ° 0.3 -2.2 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,806 ft agl · 107 kt
Arrival Approach 85.71Final approach to runway 25 at EDX1 Hoherodskopf. Descent from 1,374 ft agl to -139 ft agl in 109 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
0 % On glideslopefailed
100 % On centrelinepassed
100 % On speedpassed
100 % Wings levelpassed

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,806 ft agl · 107 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 1,760 ft agl · 96 kt
Arrival Landing 88.34Landing on runway 25 at EDX1 Hoherodskopf, runway length 839 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 90 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
60 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 90 kt. Target 68 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 45 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
97 % Runway alignment max 6.63 m left6.63 m left to 0.63 m left 6.01 6.63 m
90 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 5.8 ° 0.3 0.8 °
93 % Average g force 1.06 g0.86 g min to max 1.38 g 1.31 1.02 g
Info Average speed 84 kt75 kt min to max 92 kt 90 75 kt
Info Average VSI -700 fpm-1,721 fpm min to max -393 fpm -1,721 -423 fpm
Info Average altitude -26 ft agl-65 ft agl min to max 41 ft agl 41 -65 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.5 °-6.8 ° min to max -1.1 ° -6.8 -2.2 °
07515022530037501121324253Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 84.06Touchdown distance was good at 320 m. Touchdown speed at 75 kt was fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -147 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 10.8 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 14 °C. Wind 15 kt at 260 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 14 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
89 % Touchdown rate was -147 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 320 mTarget 432 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 75 ktTarget below 66 kt
72 % Runway alignment max 10.84 m left9.03 m left 6.63 10.84 m
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.1 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.8 0.2 °
70 % Average g force 0.81 g0.23 g min to max 1.05 g 1.02 0.42 g
60 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 74 kt71 kt min to max 77 kt 75 71 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.2 °-2.4 ° min to max 0.2 ° -2.2 0.2 °
Arrival Rollout 49.35Total landing distance 771 m, 92 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 11.3 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
32 % Landing distance 771 m92 % of runway.
70 % Runway alignment max 11.33 m left11.33 m left to 0.00 m left 10.89 2.93 m
37 % Average g force 0.37 g0.15 g min to max 0.98 g 0.98 0.37 g
Info Average speed 59 kt37 kt min to max 65 kt 65 37 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.0 °-2.6 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.5 1.2 °
Info Average bank angle 2.7 °0.1 ° min to max 4.5 ° 0.2 0.5 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 7 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 19 kt0 kt min to max 61 kt 34 61 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °-2.9 ° min to max 5.2 ° 1.2 -2.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.2 ° 0.6 3.8 °
Info Average g force 0.90 g0.24 g min to max 1.31 g 0.52 0.26 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 15 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 66 kt with 3.7° of pitch. Climb 3 held close to its 87 kt target, at 91 kt on average.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 87120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFFGEAR UP3.7° off8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 18 kt 3.8° 0 s
Liftoff259 m · target 70 66 kt 3.7° 10.5 s
35 ft554 m · 7.3 s after liftoff 85 kt 7.9° 17.8 s
Gear up731 m · 73 ft · full marks to 400 ft 84 kt 12.4° 22.0 s
Climb 31,312 m · 383 ft to 526 ft · target 87 91 kt avg 8.1° 36.6 s
End of Climb 31,630 m · 526 ft 88 kt 7.5° 42.9 s

Takeoff from EDFB 18

Takeoff roll100.00
346m28 %
Liftoff speed100.00
66kttarget 70, 4 slow
Runway alignment99.23
3.26m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
73ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
91kttarget 87
Rate of climb99.33
397fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 526 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 594 m of runway left; gear up at 73 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 970 fpm on average to 526 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

750 ft375 ft0CLIMB 391 kt avgtarget 87THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 66 ktGear up 73 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,224 m runway.

Rolled from 76 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 3.3 m at the widest, and lifted off 2 m right, in 12 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 27 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS12 kn75 %widest 3.26 m RROLL 76 M INAirborne 334 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 334 m of 1,224 m · 27 %
Behind the start of the roll, 76 mTakeoff roll, 259 m Left ahead, 889 m

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.

Seven checks, one gate500 ft 85.716 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate830 fpm
On glideslope7.4°
On centreline0.2° off
On speed+16 kt
Wings level8° bank

At the 500 ft gate: glideslope more than 2° off the runway's 3°.

When the approach was stable

Never every check met at once: high all the way, banked until 2.2 nm, gear up until 2.1 nm, no landing flap until 1.9 nm, right of the centreline until 1.6 nm, fast from 1.4 nm and sinking too fast from 0.2 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to EDX1 25

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 2.5 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to 820 ft over).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,497886535500 ft gate6 of 7on glideslope1,294 ft · 84 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 356 m right of the centreline at 2.5 nm, then inside the band from 1.6 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND271 m R25 m L1 m L9 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 2.5 nm, where the final began, to 1.9 nm (up to +46 kt), then inside the band to 1.4 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +26 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 68+26 kt+22 kt+20 kt+22 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on EDX1 25

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
41ft
Threshold speed59.71
89kttarget 68, 21 fast
Centreline offset97.45
6.63m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
319m
Centreline71.61
10.84m L
Speed100.00
75kttarget 66, 9 fast
Touchdown rate89.01
-147fpm
Impact70.29
1.05G
Bounces60.00
2
The flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° right of the track, wings level.

Wind 258° at 15 kt · 15 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 839 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 41 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 34 ft. Touched down 319 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 839 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

41 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 34 ft · −926 fpm · −5.3° · 90 ktdescent slowed at 5 ft · −153 fpm · −2.1°−147 fpm · −2.2° nose down · 75 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 41 ft, down at 319 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 930 fpm at the flare to 150 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.1° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−750−1,500−7°2°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−147 fpm at touchdown−2.2° at touchdown, +3.1° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 839 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 11 m left of the centreline and drifted to 15 m left on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 475 M 319 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 319 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.05 G arrival bounced 2 times.

Runway used 676 m of 839 m · 81 %
In the air over the runway, 319 mRollout, 357 m Left over, 163 m
Rollout distance77.44
357m81 % used
Rollout alignment69.82
11.33m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

Departure from Reichelsheim Airfield (EDFB) commenced with a rollout on runway 18, utilizing 349 meters, or 28% of the available runway length. The Piper PA-24-250 Comanche accelerated to a liftoff speed of 67 knots, clearing the ground at a temperature of 19 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 14 knots from 240 degrees. The crosswind component was 13 knots, while the headwind component contributed 7 knots to the overall airspeed.

As the aircraft transitioned to the enroute climb phase, it began ascending from 692 feet above sea level to 3,444 feet, a vertical gain of 2,752 feet in 5 minutes. This climb phase covered a distance of 12 nautical miles, positioning the aircraft for a level cruise phase. The cruise phase, initiated 2 miles north of Hirzenhain, lasted 4 minutes and spanned 10 nautical miles. The aircraft then began its descent towards Hoherodskopf Airfield (EDX1), aligning with runway 25 from the east at a heading of 239.0 degrees and 2 nautical miles from the threshold.

The final approach and landing phases were conducted in a temperature of 14 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 15 knots from 260 degrees. The crosswind component was minimal, with a headwind component of 14 knots contributing to a reduced groundspeed. The threshold speed was higher than desired at 90 knots, while the touchdown speed of 75 knots was excessive. The touchdown rate was also hard at -423 feet per minute. The aircraft landed on runway 25, utilizing 92% of the available runway length, and rolled out with a slight misalignment from the centerline. The total landing distance was 771 meters, and the aircraft consumed 9 kilograms of fuel during the 14-minute flight, covering a total distance of 25 nautical miles.

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