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LOWS
Salzburg, Austria
Runway 15
Elevation1,411 ft asl
Weight2,598 kg
Fuel200 kg
Wind20° · 13 kn · 9 kn cross

Flight Score

93.35 %
LIPB
Bolzano, Italy
Runway 19
Elevation778 ft asl
Weight2,524 kg
Fuel126 kg
4 May 2023 0:41 109 nm Cessna 414A 74 kg
Departure Score
95.49 %
Enroute Score
97.89 %
Arrival Score
86.32 %

What went well

Touchdown 66 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 0.94 m off the centreline, no bounce
Rollout controlled — 22 % of the runway used

What held you back

Arrival Landing — at 12 %, Landing and flare profile at 88 %, −1.67 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 1.9 ° at 26 %, Heading variation -0.1 ° at 65 %, −1.61 points
Departure Roll — landing lights off should be on, then strobe light off should be on; Liftoff speed was 111 kn at 86 %, −0.94 points

Top opportunity

Work on the flare

Arrival Landing

Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 14 stages, 13 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 88.75Departure roll runway 15 at LOWS Salzburg. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 111 kn. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 13 kn at 20 °. Crosswind: 9 kn Tailwind: 10 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
86 % Liftoff speed was 111 knTarget 100 kn
95 % Runway alignment max 3.05 m0.00 m left to 3.05 m right -3.05 -0.71 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 0.98 0.99 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °2.2 ° min to max 2.7 ° 2.4 2.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.1 0.7 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 3 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 3 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 3 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 96 kt
Departure Climb 1 98.08Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 15 LOWS Salzburg.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average speed 119 kn111 kn min to max 125 kn 111 125 kn
93 % Average bank angle 2.7 °0.7 ° min to max 4.5 ° 0.7 1.2 °
97 % Average g force 1.02 g0.91 g min to max 1.30 g 0.99 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 450 ft/m386 ft/m min to max 487 ft/m 386 487 ft/m
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 44 ft agl 0 44 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °2.6 ° min to max 6.3 ° 2.6 5.4 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 47 ft agl · 129 kt
Departure Climb 2 98.97Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 15 LOWS Salzburg.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 127 kn124 kn min to max 130 kn 125 124 kn
96 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.4 ° min to max 3.6 ° 1.2 3.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.12 g0.94 g min to max 1.25 g 1.05 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 964 ft/m492 ft/m min to max 2,513 ft/m 492 2,454 ft/m
Info Average altitude 95 ft agl49 ft agl min to max 394 ft agl 49 394 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °5.5 ° min to max 13.6 ° 5.5 13.2 °
Departure Climb 3 96.18Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 15 LOWS Salzburg.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Heading variation -1.7 °-4.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -4.1 °
100 % Average speed 140 kn122 kn min to max 149 kn 123 146 kn
88 % Average bank angle 2.8 °0.1 ° min to max 6.6 ° 4.4 0.8 °
89 % Average g force 0.99 g0.56 g min to max 1.24 g 0.93 1.01 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,056 ft/m-849 ft/m min to max 2,378 ft/m 2,378 1,512 ft/m
Info Average altitude 671 ft agl430 ft agl min to max 982 ft agl 430 982 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °-3.0 ° min to max 12.6 ° 12.6 6.7 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 594 ft agl · 128 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 594 ft agl · 128 kt
Enroute Climb 93.66Enroute climb started 1 mile north of Groedig (Politischer Bezirk Salzburg-Umgebung, Salzburg, Austria). Climbing from 2,423 ft asl to 13,624 ft asl, an increase of 11,201 ft in 8 minutes and covering 17 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
84 % Climb speed 146 kn137 kn min to max 158 knTarget 130 kn 146 156 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.4 °0.0 ° min to max 24.4 ° 0.9 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.91 g min to max 1.22 g 0.95 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 1,464 ft/m-10 ft/m min to max 1,663 ft/m 1,527 19 ft/m
Info Average altitude 6,468 ft asl2,423 ft asl min to max 13,628 ft asl 2,423 13,624 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °1.5 ° min to max 7.6 ° 6.4 2.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 1,064 ft agl · 152 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 7,642 ft agl · 163 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 6,557 ft agl · 171 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 6,557 ft agl · 171 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 6 miles west of Werfen (Politischer Bezirk Sankt Johann im Pongau, Salzburg, Austria) and lasted 21 minutes, covering 79 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 13,623 ft asl13,555 ft asl min to max 13,631 ft asl 13,627 13,555 ft asl
100 % Average speed 219 kn200 kn min to max 223 kn 200 203 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.05 g 0.99 0.94 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-3.3 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.1 -3.3 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 10,975 ft agl · 205 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 10,975 ft agl · 205 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Castelrotto (Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy). Descent from 13,292 ft asl to 2,667 ft asl, a decrease of 10,625 ft in 8 minutes and covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 179 kn163 kn min to max 205 kn 203 163 kn
100 % Average bank angle 15.0 °0.0 ° min to max 33.6 ° 0.2 33.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.81 g min to max 1.13 g 1.00 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -1,621 ft/m-2,220 ft/m min to max -945 ft/m -1,557 -1,814 ft/m
Info Average altitude 7,204 ft asl2,667 ft asl min to max 13,292 ft asl 13,292 2,667 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.1 °-6.6 ° min to max -1.2 ° -3.2 -6.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 3,621 ft agl · 171 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 3,621 ft agl · 171 kt
Arrival 88.50Arrival started overhead Castelrotto (Bolzano, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 117 kn95 kn min to max 158 kn 156 102 kn
82 % Average bank angle 19.1 °0.3 ° min to max 35.2 ° 34.5 8.1 °
78 % Average g force 1.10 g0.92 g min to max 1.63 g 0.98 1.05 g
Info Average VSI -973 ft/m-2,424 ft/m min to max 121 ft/m -2,080 -910 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,884 ft asl1,182 ft asl min to max 2,631 ft asl 2,631 1,182 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-7.5 ° min to max 3.0 ° -7.5 -1.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,541 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,261 ft agl · 126 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,159 ft agl · 118 kt
Arrival Final 1 75.92Approaching runway 19 at LIPB Bolzano from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 390 ft agl to 12 ft agl. A decrease of 378 ft in 22 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
26 % Approach angle 1.9 °0.7 ° min to max 4.8 °Target 3.0 ° 4.6 0.7 °
100 % Average speed 106 kn101 kn min to max 108 kn 103 101 kn
65 % Heading variation -0.1 °-1.2 ° min to max 0.0 ° -1.2 0.0 °
89 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.1 ° min to max 6.3 ° 2.9 2.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.90 g min to max 1.22 g 1.05 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -961 ft/m-1,612 ft/m min to max -302 ft/m -863 -302 ft/m
Info Average altitude 78 ft agl12 ft agl min to max 390 ft agl 390 12 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-6.2 ° min to max 2.2 ° -1.4 2.0 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-70-53-35-18018355370Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 74.93Landing on runway 19 at LIPB Bolzano, runway length 1,228 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 101 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 101 kn. Target 100 kn
12 % Target 50 ft agl
88 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °1.6 ° min to max 2.0 ° 2.0 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 0.99 g
Info Average speed 100 kn99 kn min to max 101 kn 101 99 kn
Info Average VSI -265 ft/m-294 ft/m min to max -253 ft/m -294 -254 ft/m
Info Average altitude 3 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 5 ft agl 5 1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.8 °1.6 ° min to max 2.0 ° 2.0 1.8 °
07515022501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 90.52Touchdown distance was good at 59 m. Touchdown speed at 98 knwas fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -249 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 27 °C. Wind 9 kn at 189 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 9 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
79 % Touchdown VSI was -249 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 59 mTarget 457 m
82 % Speed at touchdown 98 knTarget 87 kn
99.7 % Runway alignment max 1.61 m1.29 m left 1.59 0.94 m
91 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.2 0.1 °
98 % Average g force 1.04 g0.84 g min to max 1.28 g 1.14 1.09 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 94 kn90 kn min to max 98 kn 98 90 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °1.9 ° min to max 4.7 ° 1.9 2.6 °
Arrival Rollout 90.21Total landing distance 419 m, 34 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 7.8 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 419 m34 % of runway.
78 % Runway alignment max 8.76 m0.94 m left to 7.82 m right 0.94 -7.82 m
100 % Average g force 1.02 g1.00 g min to max 1.08 g 1.08 1.01 g
Info Average speed 74 kn45 kn min to max 83 kn 83 45 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °1.3 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.6 1.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 14 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 18 kn9 kn min to max 37 kn 37 12 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °1.1 ° min to max 3.4 ° 1.1 3.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 12 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 11 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 3 kn0 kn min to max 12 kn 12 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 6 knmax 6 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °1.9 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.0 3.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl

Takeoff

62.81Takeoff roll1,949 m · 84 %
86.22Liftoff speed111 kt
94.74Runway alignment3.05 m R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
98.08Rate of climb450 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

12.09Threshold height5 ft
100.00Threshold speed101 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.02 m L

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on LIPB 19

Past threshold100.00
66m
Centreline99.71
0.94m L
Speed81.70
98kt
Touchdown rate79.04
-249fpm
Impact98.29
1.28G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,228 m of the approach.

5 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 5 ft, down at 66 m

Plan view — the full 1,228 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,000 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 66 m past threshold CLEARED

The 66 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 273 m of 1,228 m · 22 %
Rollout distance100.00
207m22 % used
Rollout alignment78.25
7.82m R

The rest of the report

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Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 15 at LOWS Salzburg in the Cessna 414A
95.49 %
88.75 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 15 at LOWS Salzburg. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 111 kn. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 13 kn at 20 °. Crosswind: 9 kn Tailwind: 10 kn.
Takeoff Distance
61.78 %
Roll distance of 0 m using 0 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
86.22 %
Liftoff speed was 111 kn - Target 100 kn
Alignment
94.74 %
0.00 m left to 3.05 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
0 %
Switched Off
Landing Lights
0 %
Switched Off
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
120 100 80
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 2.5 2
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,250-20-15-10-505101520 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
98.08 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 15 LOWS Salzburg.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
130 120 110
Bank °
93.47 %
5 2.5 0
G
97.14 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
7 4.5 2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
500 200 -100
98.97 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 15 LOWS Salzburg.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
140 130 120
Bank °
95.87 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
14 9.5 5
Climb Rate fpm
Info
2,600 1,450 300
96.18 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 15 LOWS Salzburg.
Alignment
98.5 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
150 135 120
Bank °
87.82 %
7 3.5 0
G
89.14 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
13 5.5 -2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
2,400 750 -900
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2500612182430 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50100200300400500600700800900 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.5-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 19 at LIPB Bolzano in the Cessna 414A
Landing Score 82.9 %
75.92 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 19 at LIPB Bolzano from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 390 ft agl to 12 ft agl. A decrease of 378 ft in 22 seconds.
Glideslope
25.68 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
65.36 %
Poor heading alignment
Glideslope °
25.68 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
108 104 100
Alignment
65.36 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
88.58 %
7 3.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-302 -1,001 -1,700
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-70-53-35-18018355370 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
74.93 %
Landing
Landing on runway 19 at LIPB Bolzano, runway length 1,228 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 101 kn.
Height
12.09 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was good at 101 kt. Target 100 kt
Flare
87.65 %
Very good landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
2 1.5 1
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
101 96 90
Pitch °
Info
2 1.5 1
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-253 -277 -300
07515022501123344657 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
90.52 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 59 m. Touchdown speed at 98 knwas fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -249 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 27 °C. Wind 9 kn at 189 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 9 kn.
Touchdown
79.04 %
Touchdown rate was fair at -249 fpm.
Speed
81.7 %
Touchdown speed at 98 kt was fast. Target below 87 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 59 m.
Alignment
99.71 %
Runway touchdown alignment was very good.
Bank
91 %
Bank angle 0.2 °
G
98.29 %
G 1.04 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
90.21 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 419 m, 34 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 7.8 m from centreline.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 419 m using 34.16 % of runway
Alignment
78.25 %
Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 7.8 m from centreline.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
90 70 50
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 2 1
0200400 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
100 %
Taxi
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 11 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched Off
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
4 2.5 1
Metrics
Metrics

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