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KSFO
San Francisco, United States
Runway 28L
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight2,376 kg
Fuel455 kg
Wind270° · 5 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

90.83 %
KSFO
San Francisco, United States
Runway 28L
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight2,366 kg
Fuel244 kg
Wind270° · 5 kn · 3 kn cross
19 Apr 2025 0:13 9 nm Turbo Porter 212 kg
Departure Score
96.99 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
75.50 %

What went well

Touched down at -69 fpm — a soft arrival
1.10 G at touchdown — inside band
Airborne in 194 m — 6 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 0 %, Threshold speed was excessively high at 93 kt. at 35 %, −4.17 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 2,331 m at 0 %, Runway alignment max 14.18 m at 59 %, −2.07 points
Arrival Rollout — bounce at touchdown; Runway alignment max 13.80 m at 61 %, −1.79 points

Top opportunity

Shorten the long landing

Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 13 stages, 11 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 7 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 15 kt0 kt min to max 23 kt 0 7 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 10 ktmax 14 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 6.1 °5.9 ° min to max 6.2 ° 6.1 6.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 6 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 6 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 6 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 28L at KSFO San Francisco International Airport, Average speed was 25 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 22 kt0 kt min to max 40 kt 8 40 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.3 °5.5 ° min to max 6.5 ° 6.2 6.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.2 0.9 °
Info Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 0.99 0.97 g
Departure Roll 96.82Departure roll runway 28L at KSFO San Francisco International Airport. Takeoff distance 194 m 6 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 66 kt. Local weather - Temperature 10 °C. Wind 5 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 5 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 194 m6 % of runway
94 % Liftoff speed was 66 ktTarget 57 kt
90 % Runway alignment max 11.40 m5.74 m left to 5.66 m right 2.33 -5.66 m
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 0.97 1.03 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °5.0 ° min to max 6.6 ° 6.5 6.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.0 1.4 °
Departure Climb 1 97.90Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 28L KSFO San Francisco International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Heading variation 0.9 °0.3 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.3 1.4 °
100 % Average speed 72 kt66 kt min to max 77 kt 66 77 kt
96 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.1 ° min to max 3.4 ° 1.4 3.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.08 g 1.03 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 400 fpm251 fpm min to max 483 fpm 251 483 fpm
Info Average altitude 22 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 49 ft agl 1 49 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °6.7 ° min to max 8.6 ° 6.7 7.9 °
Departure Climb 2 99.09Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 28L KSFO San Francisco International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 1.7 °1.4 ° min to max 2.0 ° 1.4 1.8 °
100 % Average speed 81 kt77 kt min to max 91 kt 77 91 kt
96 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.4 2.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.94 g min to max 1.02 g 0.98 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 603 fpm483 fpm min to max 909 fpm 483 909 fpm
Info Average altitude 110 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 388 ft agl 50 388 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.2 °7.2 ° min to max 8.9 ° 7.9 8.5 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 130 ft agl · 82 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 154 ft agl · 83 kt
Departure Climb 3 91.13Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 28L KSFO San Francisco International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 1.3 °0.3 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.9 0.9 °
100 % Average speed 103 kt87 kt min to max 115 kt 90 113 kt
56 % Average bank angle 4.5 °0.0 ° min to max 18.8 ° 1.4 18.8 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.80 g min to max 1.14 g 1.01 0.99 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 188 fpm-684 fpm min to max 1,170 fpm 951 -37 fpm
Info Average altitude 607 ft agl404 ft agl min to max 689 ft agl 404 553 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.6 °-2.9 ° min to max 9.7 ° 8.7 0.1 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead San Bruno (California, United States). Climbing from 571 ft asl to 540 ft asl, an increase of 31 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 113 kt112 kt min to max 114 kt 112 114 kt
100 % Average bank angle 20.1 °18.7 ° min to max 21.5 ° 18.7 21.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.01 g 0.96 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -356 fpm-580 fpm min to max -129 fpm -129 -580 fpm
Info Average altitude 557 ft asl540 ft asl min to max 571 ft asl 571 540 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.6 °-2.8 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.4 -2.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead San Bruno (California, United States) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 312 ft asl103 ft asl min to max 527 ft asl 527 103 ft asl
100 % Average speed 106 kt94 kt min to max 114 kt 114 94 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.5 °0.0 ° min to max 28.6 ° 22.0 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.93 g min to max 1.24 g 1.02 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-3.2 ° min to max 4.7 ° -3.2 1.1 °
Arrival Final 1 98.28Approaching runway 28L at KSFO San Francisco International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 93 ft agl to 76 ft agl. A decrease of 16 ft in 3 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Approach angle 3.9 °3.6 ° min to max 4.3 °Target 2.8 ° 3.6 4.3 °
100 % Average speed 93 kt93 kt min to max 94 kt 94 93 kt
96 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.6 -0.4 °
100 % Average bank angle 2.1 °1.3 ° min to max 3.0 ° 1.8 2.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 0.97 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -284 fpm-310 fpm min to max -230 fpm -230 -307 fpm
Info Average altitude 85 ft agl76 ft agl min to max 93 ft agl 93 76 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °0.9 ° min to max 1.3 ° 1.1 1.3 °
00.250.50.751050Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 49.95Landing on runway 28L at KSFO San Francisco International Airport, runway length 3,371 m. Threshold height at 69 ft agl was above target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 93 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
35 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 93 kt. Target 67 kt
70 % Target 50 ft agl
0 % Landing and flare profile
89 % Heading variation -0.4 °-0.8 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.4 -0.8 °
98 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 3.0 ° 2.4 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.07 g 1.02 0.97 g
Info Average speed 85 kt71 kt min to max 94 kt 93 71 kt
Info Average VSI -73 fpm-306 fpm min to max 82 fpm -306 -64 fpm
Info Average altitude 21 ft agl3 ft agl min to max 69 ft agl 69 3 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.6 °1.2 ° min to max 6.2 ° 1.3 5.5 °
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,6501,7251,8001,8751,9502,0252,1002,1752,2502,3252,4002,4752,5502,6252,7002,77501326395265Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,6501,7251,8001,8751,9502,0252,1002,1752,2502,3252,4002,4752,5502,6252,7002,775-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 75.21Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 71 kt was fast. Touchdown rate was excellent at -64 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 14.2 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 10 °C. Wind 5 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Headwind: 5 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown VSI was -64 fpm.
0 % Touchdown distance was 2,331 mTarget 457 m
97 % Speed at touchdown 71 ktTarget below 60 kt
59 % Runway alignment max 14.18 m14.04 m right -14.18 -13.84 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.2 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.2 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.97 g min to max 1.10 g 0.97 1.06 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 70 kt70 kt min to max 71 kt 71 70 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °5.4 ° min to max 6.9 ° 5.5 6.9 °
Arrival Rollout 78.57Total landing distance 2,596 m, 77 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 13.8 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
92 % Landing distance 2,596 m77 % of runway.
61 % Runway alignment max 13.80 m0.00 m left to 13.80 m right -13.80 -10.48 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 1.05 1.03 g
Info Average speed 62 kt37 kt min to max 65 kt 65 37 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.6 °5.9 ° min to max 7.0 ° 6.9 6.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.9 °0.2 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.8 1.1 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 7 ft agl · 65 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 27 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 21 kt11 kt min to max 31 kt 31 11 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °6.0 ° min to max 6.5 ° 6.5 6.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.2 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.02 g

Takeoff

OkTaxi lightsSet
100.00Takeoff roll194 m · 6 %
93.95Liftoff speed66 kt
90.18Runway alignment5.74 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
97.90Rate of climb399 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

69.91Threshold height68 ft
35.24Threshold speed93 kt · target 67, 26 fast
88.80Centreline offset0.24 m R

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on KSFO 28L

Past threshold0.00
2,332m
Centreline59.42
13.84m R
Speed96.50
70kttarget 60, 10 fast
Touchdown rate100.00
-69fpm
Impact100.00
1.10G
Bounces80.00
1

Side view — the last 2,698 m of the approach.

68 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 68 ft, down at 2,332 m

Plan view — the first 2,698 m of the 3,371 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

1,0002,000 THRESHOLD CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 2,332 m past threshold CLEARED

Touched down 2,332 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 2,576 m of 3,371 m · 76 %
Rollout distance94.43
244m76 % used
Rollout alignment60.80
13.80m R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

This flight began with a taxiing period from the parking area to the runway, which took 7 minutes and covered a distance of 2 nautical miles. The aircraft then departed from runway 28L at San Francisco International Airport (KSFO), with a takeoff distance of 194 meters, which accounted for 6% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 66 knots.

The local weather conditions at the time of takeoff were characterized by a temperature of 10 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 5 knots from a direction of 270 degrees. This resulted in a crosswind of 2 knots and a headwind of 5 knots. The aircraft then began its enroute climb, starting overhead San Bruno, California, and rising from an altitude of 571 feet above sea level to 540 feet above sea level, an increase of 31 feet, in less than 1 minute and covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile.

Following the enroute climb, the aircraft entered a level cruise phase, also starting overhead San Bruno, and lasted for 3 minutes, covering a distance of 3 nautical miles. The final approach to runway 28L at KSFO was initiated from the east, with a heading of 293.0 degrees at an altitude of 93 feet above ground level and a distance of 0 nautical miles from the runway.

The landing on runway 28L was characterized by a threshold height that was above the target, and a threshold speed that was excessively high at 93 knots. The touchdown point was located very far down the runway, using more than 50% of the available runway, and the touchdown speed was fast at 71 knots. However, the touchdown rate was excellent at -64 feet per minute. The runway touchdown position was misaligned by 14.2 meters from the centerline, and the runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 13.8 meters from the centerline.

The local weather conditions at the time of landing were the same as those at the time of takeoff, with a temperature of 10 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 5 knots from a direction of 270 degrees, resulting in a crosswind of 3 knots and a headwind of 5 knots. The total landing distance was 2,596 meters, which accounted for 77% of the runway. The total flight distance was 9 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 13 minutes. The aircraft used 212 kilograms of fuel during the flight.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 28L at KSFO San Francisco International Airport in the Pilatus PC-6 Porter
96.99 %
100 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 7 minutes and covered 2 nm.
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
7 6 5
96.82 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 28L at KSFO San Francisco International Airport. Takeoff distance 194 m 6 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 66 kt. Local weather - Temperature 10 °C. Wind 5 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 5 kt.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 194 m using 5.74 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
93.95 %
Liftoff speed was 66 kn - Target 57 kn
Alignment
90.18 %
5.74 m left to 5.66 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 55 40
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
7 6 5
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,0003,250-30-25-20-15-10-5051015202530 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
97.9 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 28L KSFO San Francisco International Airport.
Alignment
95.22 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Bank °
96.39 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 7.5 6
Climb Rate fpm
Info
500 200 -100
99.09 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 28L KSFO San Francisco International Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 85 70
Bank °
96.37 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 8 7
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,000 650 300
91.13 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 28L KSFO San Francisco International Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
120 100 80
Bank °
55.66 %
19 9.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
10 4 -2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,200 250 -700
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,0003,2500126252378504630 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50100200300400500600 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.5-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 28L at KSFO San Francisco International Airport in the Pilatus PC-6 Porter
Landing Score 75.5 %
Landing Summary

The Turbo Porter aircraft has successfully landed at San Francisco International Airport (KSFO) on runway 28L, but the landing was not without its issues. The aircraft's final approach was from the east, heading 293.0° at an altitude of 93 feet above ground level (agl) and 0 nautical miles from the runway. The landing was made on a runway that is 3,371 meters long, which provided a sufficient amount of space for the aircraft to touch down and come to a stop.

However, there were several areas of concern during the landing. The threshold height at 69 feet agl was above the target height, indicating that the aircraft was not properly configured for landing. Additionally, the threshold speed was excessively high at 93 knots, which is faster than the recommended speed for landing. This excessive speed may have contributed to the long touchdown point, which used more than 50% of the available runway.

The touchdown speed of 71 knots was also faster than recommended, and the touchdown rate of -64 feet per minute (fpm) was excellent, but not enough to compensate for the other issues. The runway touchdown position was misaligned by 14.2 meters from the centerline, which may have been due to the pilot's difficulty in aligning the aircraft with the runway. The local weather conditions, with a temperature of 10°C and a headwind of 5 knots, may have also played a role in the difficulties experienced during the landing.

The total landing distance of 2,596 meters was 77% of the available runway, which is a relatively long distance. The runway rollout alignment was also slightly misaligned by 13.8 meters from the centerline, which may have been due to the pilot's difficulty in maintaining control of the aircraft during the rollout phase. Overall, while the Turbo Porter aircraft was able to land safely, the landing was not without its issues, and the pilot may need to work on improving their skills to achieve a more precise and controlled landing.

98.28 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 28L at KSFO San Francisco International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 93 ft agl to 76 ft agl. A decrease of 16 ft in 3 seconds.
Glideslope
95.78 %
Good glideslope alignment
Heading
95.6 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
95.78 %
3 2 1
IAS kt
100 %
94 92 90
Alignment
95.6 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
100 %
4 2.5 1
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-230 -315 -400
00.250.50.751050 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
49.95 %
Landing
Landing on runway 28L at KSFO San Francisco International Airport, runway length 3,371 m. Threshold height at 69 ft agl was above target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 93 kt.
Height
69.91 %
Threshold height at 69 ft agl was above target. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
35.24 %
Threshold speed was excessively high at 93 kt. Target 67 kt
Flare
0 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
88.8 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
97.84 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
94 82 70
Pitch °
Info
7 4 1
Descent Rate fpm
Info
81 -160 -400
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,6501,7251,8001,8751,9502,0252,1002,1752,2502,3252,4002,4752,5502,6252,7002,77501326395265 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,6501,7251,8001,8751,9502,0252,1002,1752,2502,3252,4002,4752,5502,6252,7002,775-30-24-18-12-60612182430 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
75.21 %
Touchdown
Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 71 kt was fast. Touchdown rate was excellent at -64 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 14.2 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 10 °C. Wind 5 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Headwind: 5 kt.
Touchdown
100 %
Touchdown rate was excellent at -69 fpm.
Speed
96.5 %
Touchdown speed at 71 kt was fast. Target below 60 kn
Distance
0 %
Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway.
Alignment
59.42 %
Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 14.2 m from centreline.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.5 °
G
100 %
G 1.06 g
Bounce
80 %
Bounce Detected
78.57 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 2,596 m, 77 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 13.8 m from centreline.
Distance
91.93 %
Landing distance 2,596 m using 77.02 % of runway
Alignment
60.8 %
Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 13.8 m from centreline.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
70 55 40
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
7 6 5
02004006008001,0001,2001,4001,6001,8002,0002,2002,400 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
Metrics
Metrics

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