Events
Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Start bringing the nose up as the speed reaches 66 kt, not after it.
What happened: You started the rotation at 79 kt, 13 kt past the 66 kt rotation speed.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 66 kt at rotation
See Departure Roll
Arrival
Add power on short final to hold speed at 58 kt, correcting the slow threshold speed before it carries through to the flare.
What happened: Threshold speed was slow at 58 kt against 58 kt, and touchdown followed short of the aim point at 146 m. Crossing the threshold slow like this usually carries the touchdown short.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator against 58 kt on short final.
Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.
Read more in VRef ExplainedStart to finish · 18 stages, 16 in the score
Events
Events
Events
Events
The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.
One stabilised approach gate for a circuit: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate is an instrument-approach check and does not apply. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 500 ft gate: centreline 3.0° off, against a 1° limit.
The approach, gate by gate
Side view — the last 837 m of the approach.
Plan view — the full 837 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 146 m short of the threshold. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Cessna 172 departed LIRU Rome Urbe Airport from runway 34. The take-off roll was 387 m, 46 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 79 kt. Local weather at departure was 16 °C with wind 3 kt from 360°, a 1 kt crosswind and a 2 kt headwind.
Initial climb to 400 ft agl lasted 59 seconds, averaging 967 fpm and reaching 88 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then entered a left-hand circuit for runway 34. The downwind leg was 4 nm and was flown in 117 seconds at 800 ft agl; the base leg was less than 1 nm and took 33 seconds.
On final approach the descent was from 485 ft agl to -43 ft agl in 115 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, on glideslope, on speed, wings level - all met; on centreline was not met. The final flap position was 3 at 382 ft agl with an approach speed of 76 kt.
The aircraft landed on runway 34. Touchdown occurred 146 m short of the threshold; the threshold speed was slightly below target at 58 kt. Touchdown speed was 53 kt and the vertical rate was -158 fpm, both recorded as good. The nose was raised too far in the flare, but there was no bounce and runway-touchdown alignment was perfect. Total landing distance was 682 m, 81 % of the 837 m runway, and rollout alignment was very good.
After landing, the Cessna taxied to the parking area in less than 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 13 nm in 9 minutes and used 0 kg of fuel. Local weather at landing was 15 °C with wind 3 kt from 360°, a 1 kt crosswind and a 3 kt headwind.
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