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LIRU
Rome, Italy
Runway 34
Elevation52 ft asl
Weight943 kg
Fuel69 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

91.31 %
LIRU
Rome, Italy
Runway 34
Elevation52 ft asl
Weight943 kg
Fuel69 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross
24 Oct 2026 0:06 7 nm Cessna 172
Departure Score
99.89 %
Pattern Score
95.48 %
Arrival Score
78.57 %

What went well

Touched down at -127 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 465 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 1.10 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Arrival Rollout — Landing distance 786 m at 24 %, Runway alignment max 14.63 m right at 62 %, −4.53 points
Arrival Landing — Threshold height at 104 ft agl was excessively over target at 0 %, −2.11 points
Pattern Base Leg — Heading 9.6 ° at 69 %, −0.66 points

Next time

Arrival

Fly a steeper descent on final so you cross the threshold at 46 ft.

What happened: You crossed the threshold at 104 ft agl, above the 45 ft agl target. Crossing high like this usually reduces your margin before the touchdown zone ends.

Watch for: Radio altimeter against 46 ft at the threshold.

See Arrival Landing

Even a modest height error carries straight through to the touchdown. Geometry alone says that crossing the threshold 10 feet high on a 3° path moves your touchdown roughly 190 feet further down the runway before the flare adds anything.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 18 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 9 kt0 kt min to max 18 kt 0 6 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 8 ktmax 10 kt 0 6 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °-0.1 ° min to max 2.3 ° 1.8 1.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.2 0.2 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Autopilot Avionics Managed Activated 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport, Average speed was 1 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 11 kt6 kt min to max 19 kt 6 19 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °1.7 ° min to max 2.2 ° 1.7 2.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport. Takeoff distance 162 m 19 % of runway. Rotation speed was 53 kt. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 162 m19 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 53 ktTarget 56 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.55 m right2.33 m left to 2.55 m right 1.87 -2.55 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.06 g 0.99 1.06 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °2.1 ° min to max 7.5 ° 2.2 7.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 2.4 ° 0.0 2.4 °
Departure Climb 1 99.57Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 34 LIRU Rome Urbe Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.5 °0.3 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.4 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 65 kt62 kt min to max 67 kt 62 67 kt
98 % Average bank angle 3.3 °0.9 ° min to max 5.7 ° 2.6 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g1.02 g min to max 1.11 g 1.06 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 597 fpm317 fpm min to max 866 fpm 317 866 fpm
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 36 ft agl -1 36 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.6 °7.0 ° min to max 13.4 ° 7.3 13.4 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 34 LIRU Rome Urbe Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 67 kt66 kt min to max 68 kt 67 66 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 4.4 ° 1.1 4.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.96 g0.91 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 925 fpm846 fpm min to max 985 fpm 875 956 fpm
Info Average altitude 109 ft agl37 ft agl min to max 410 ft agl 37 410 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.3 °11.6 ° min to max 13.8 ° 13.5 13.8 °

Events

Info Navigation Lights Switched On 418 ft agl · 73 kt
Pattern Entry 100.00Left hand pattern entry from runway 34 LIRU Rome Urbe Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 27 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 61 kt58 kt min to max 65 kt 65 63 kt
100 % Average bank angle 10.0 °0.0 ° min to max 27.4 ° 5.0 25.8 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.88 g min to max 1.05 g 1.03 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 781 fpm137 fpm min to max 1,299 fpm 1,020 137 fpm
Info Average altitude 631 ft agl426 ft agl min to max 778 ft agl 426 778 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 13.1 °7.4 ° min to max 17.4 ° 15.0 7.4 °
Pattern Crosswind 97.97Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 34 LIRU Rome Urbe Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 25 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Heading 5.7 °-12.4 ° min to max 15.6 ° 15.6 -12.4 °
100 % Average speed 74 kt64 kt min to max 81 kt 64 81 kt
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.78 g min to max 1.18 g 1.07 1.17 g
Info Average VSI 404 fpm-113 fpm min to max 823 fpm 72 524 fpm
Info Average altitude 852 ft agl779 ft agl min to max 941 ft agl 779 941 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 7.7 °0.1 ° min to max 32.2 ° 22.7 32.2 °
Info Average pitch angle 7.4 °2.7 ° min to max 12.4 ° 7.2 8.8 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 86.23Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to the runway's far end 45.0 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 82 kt81 kt min to max 86 kt 81 86 kt
54 % Average bank angle 36.8 °33.3 ° min to max 40.3 ° 35.7 33.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.13 g1.09 g min to max 1.17 g 1.17 1.12 g
Info Average VSI 273 fpm-208 fpm min to max 576 fpm 576 -208 fpm
Info Average altitude 965 ft agl950 ft agl min to max 975 ft agl 950 974 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.3 °1.4 ° min to max 8.8 ° 8.8 1.4 °
Pattern Downwind 100.00Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 2 nm in 78 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading 4.6 °-16.5 ° min to max 14.4 ° 14.4 -16.5 °
100 % Average altitude 1,032 ft agl963 ft agl min to max 1,087 ft agl 969 988 ft agl
100 % Average speed 95 kt87 kt min to max 100 kt 88 98 kt
99.96 % Average g force 1.01 g0.81 g min to max 1.32 g 1.17 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 7 fpm-500 fpm min to max 863 fpm -322 -500 fpm
Info Average bank angle 3.9 °0.0 ° min to max 28.8 ° 28.8 22.6 °
Info Average pitch angle 1.8 °-1.8 ° min to max 8.3 ° 1.9 -0.8 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 964 ft agl · 100 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 100.00Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 34.9 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 34.9 °.
100 % Average speed 101 kt98 kt min to max 102 kt 98 102 kt
100 % Average bank angle 20.4 °15.2 ° min to max 23.3 ° 22.7 16.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g1.05 g min to max 1.11 g 1.05 1.08 g
Info Average VSI -552 fpm-662 fpm min to max -292 fpm -568 -292 fpm
Info Average altitude 919 ft agl866 ft agl min to max 979 ft agl 979 866 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-1.3 ° min to max 1.2 ° -1.1 1.2 °
Pattern Base Leg 86.22Pattern Base Leg. Distance was less than 1 nm in 13 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
69 % Heading 9.6 °-9.7 ° min to max 18.2 ° 18.2 -9.7 °
100 % Average speed 98 kt96 kt min to max 102 kt 102 100 kt
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.94 g min to max 1.25 g 1.07 1.25 g
Info Average VSI -267 fpm-1,121 fpm min to max 52 fpm -215 -1,121 fpm
Info Average altitude 848 ft agl805 ft agl min to max 860 ft agl 860 805 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 15.4 °0.6 ° min to max 31.4 ° 13.9 31.3 °
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-3.9 ° min to max 2.7 ° 1.6 -2.4 °
Pattern Final Turn 97.93Pattern Final Turn. Distance was less than 1 nm in 29 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 93 kt82 kt min to max 101 kt 101 82 kt
95 % Average bank angle 12.0 °0.3 ° min to max 32.8 ° 30.3 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.87 g min to max 1.34 g 1.34 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -524 fpm-1,024 fpm min to max -66 fpm -1,024 -463 fpm
Info Average altitude 679 ft agl535 ft agl min to max 789 ft agl 789 535 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-3.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° -1.0 -0.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 570 ft agl · 94 kt
Arrival Approach Final approach to runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport. Descent from 756 ft agl to 144 ft agl in 52 seconds. Not scored on a circuit: the stabilisation gate is shown for reference.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
0 % Landing flapfailed
100 % Sink ratepassed
0 % On glideslopefailed
0 % On speedfailed

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 570 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 405 ft agl · 84 kt
Arrival Landing 74.72Landing on runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport, runway length 837 m. Threshold height at 104 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was well above target at 73 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was well above target at 73 kt. Target 63 kt
0 % Threshold height at 104 ft agl was excessively over target.Target 45 ft agl
100 % The flare tracked the target profile exactly. The flare was flown from 104 ft agl over the threshold, well above the target height, so the aircraft was above the profile for most of the landing. Touchdown was 465 m past the threshold. The flare cannot recover height that was never lost - fly the approach down to the aim point and the flare has somewhere to start from.
99 % Runway alignment max 8.97 m right0.53 m left to 8.97 m right -8.97 0.33 m
98 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 0.3 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.95 g min to max 1.14 g 1.01 0.95 g
Info Average speed 66 kt56 kt min to max 73 kt 73 56 kt
Info Average VSI -528 fpm-902 fpm min to max -115 fpm -902 -127 fpm
Info Average altitude 37 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 104 ft agl 104 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.8 °-2.5 ° min to max 6.7 ° -2.5 5.9 °
07515022530037545052560001735527087Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525600-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 98.84Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 56 kt was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -127 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
94 % Touchdown rate was -127 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 465 mTarget 431 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 56 ktTarget below 62 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.10 m left0.93 m left 0.33 1.10 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.4 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.95 g min to max 1.02 g 0.95 1.02 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 54 kt53 kt min to max 56 kt 56 53 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °1.8 ° min to max 5.9 ° 5.9 1.8 °
Arrival Rollout 45.68Total landing distance 786 m, 94 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 14.6 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
24 % Landing distance 786 m94 % of runway.
62 % Runway alignment max 14.63 m right1.81 m left to 14.63 m right 1.81 -14.63 m
99.8 % Average g force 0.99 g0.75 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 0.75 g
Info Average speed 41 kt31 kt min to max 59 kt 59 31 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-20.6 ° min to max 2.7 ° 1.6 -20.6 °
Info Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 24.7 ° 0.4 24.6 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 12 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 25 kt17 kt min to max 31 kt 31 17 kt
Info Average pitch angle -6.2 °-20.7 ° min to max 2.1 ° -20.7 1.8 °
Info Average bank angle 8.9 °0.0 ° min to max 24.8 ° 24.8 0.0 °
Info Average g force 0.94 g0.76 g min to max 1.01 g 0.76 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 95.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 19 kt14 kt min to max 23 kt 16 22 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °1.3 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.3 1.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.2 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 53 kt, 3 kt below the 56 kt target, and lifted off at 61 kt 2.3 s later, the nose coming up at 2.1° a second.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second.

90 kt6030020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 567.1° off · 2.1°/s13° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation began

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 10 kt 2.2° 0 s
Rotate234 m · target 56 53 kt 2.3° 9.8 s
Liftoff312 m · +8 kt from rotation 61 kt 7.1° 12.2 s
35 ft518 m · 5.6 s after liftoff 67 kt 13.4° 17.8 s
End of the climb1,427 m · 411 ft 66 kt 13.8° 42.2 s

Takeoff from LIRU 34

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
162m19 %
Rotation speed100.00
53kttarget 56, 3 slow
Liftoff speed
61kt
Runway alignment100.00
2.55m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.57
597fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 411 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 485 m of runway left; then climbing at 820 fpm on average to 411 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 53 kttarget 56Liftoff 61 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 837 m runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted left of the centreline, 2.3 m at the widest, and lifted off 1.8 m right. Airborne 17 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

100200300400500600700800THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 2.32 m LAirborne 146 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 146 m of 837 m · 17 %
Takeoff roll, 146 m Left ahead, 691 m

The circuit to LIRU 34

Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.

Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 1 nm out at 96 kt

How to read this

The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.

45° to the thresholdTHRLANDING1234crosswinddownwindbase90+75-89under 75not a circuit legtextbook circuit

Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded

How to read this

The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.

05001,0001,5000°30°HEIGHT ftBANKcircuit height 1,000 ftturn crosswind from 500 ft27°140°223°333°4distance flown →
HeightBankA turnCircuit height ±50 ft30° of bank
1Crosswind turn
Turned at
759 ft
Bank
27°
Speed
59 kt

Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.

2Onto downwind
Bank
40°
Height
1,032 ft on 1,000 ft
Speed
95 kt
Out
0.9 nm 1 suits 96 kt

Steep: 40° of bank.

Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.

Read more in Pattern Work
3Base turn
Angle
35° target 45°
Bank
23°
Height
977 ft

Off heading: 10° from the leg's heading on average.

4Final turn
Bank
33°
Overshoot
27 m none
Speed
93 kt

Good: full marks on the turn.

Entry100Crosswind98Turn onto downwind86Downwind100Base turn100Base86Final turn98

The approach to LIRU 34

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 1.3 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to 320 ft over).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND691443
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 338 m left of the centreline at 1.3 nm, then inside it from 0.8 to 0.5 nm, then 27 m right of it from 0.5 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND87 m L21 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 32 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 19 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 1.3 nm, where the final began, to 0.3 nm (up to +36 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 63+30 kt+16 kt+10 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on LIRU 34

Over the threshold

Threshold height0.00
103ft
Threshold speed100.00
72kttarget 63, 9 fast
Centreline offset98.99
8.97m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
465m
Centreline100.00
1.10m L
Speed100.00
56kttarget 62 or less
Touchdown rate94.18
-127fpm
Impact100.00
1.02G
BouncesOk
None
The flare100.00

The flare tracked the target profile exactly. The flare was flown from 104 ft agl over the threshold, well above the target height, so the aircraft was above the profile for most of the landing. Touchdown was 465 m past the threshold. The flare cannot recover height that was never lost - fly the approach down to the aim point and the flare has somewhere to start from.

The stop

From 61 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 14 s, an average deceleration of 0.12 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 11 m30 kt · 297 mtouchdown309 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 837 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 103 ft, 53 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare at 23 ft. Touched down 465 m in, 160 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 837 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

103 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 23 ft · −346 fpm · 2.6° · 66 ktdescent slowed at 2 ft · −23 fpm · 6.6°−127 fpm · 5.9° nose up · 56 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 103 ft, down at 465 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 350 fpm at the flare to 130 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.3° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−3°4°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−127 fpm at touchdown5.9° at touchdown, +3.3° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 837 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 1.8 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 474 M 465 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 465 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 742 m of 837 m · 89 %
In the air over the runway, 465 mRollout, 277 m Left over, 95 m
Rollout distance51.27
277m87 % used
Rollout alignment61.58
14.63m R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Cessna 172 taxied from the parking area to runway 34 at LIRU Rome Urbe Airport in about 2 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.

Take-off was performed on runway 34. The aircraft used 162 m of runway, which is 19 % of the available length. Rotation occurred at 53 kt. Local weather was 15 °C with wind 1 kt from 270°, giving a 1 kt cross-wind and no head-wind.

The initial climb to 400 ft agl lasted 29 seconds, averaging 869 fpm and reaching 66 kt at the top of the climb.

The left-hand circuit was completed in 3 minutes. The downwind leg was 2 nm long, flown in 78 seconds at 1,040 ft agl. The base leg was less than 1 nm and lasted 13 seconds.

On final approach to runway 34, descent was from 756 ft agl to 144 ft agl in 52 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were: gear down, sink rate, on speed, wings level - all met; landing flap, glideslope, centreline - not met. The aircraft was configured with flap position 2 at 405 ft agl and was flying 84 kt.

Landing occurred on runway 34, whose length is 837 m. The threshold height at 104 ft agl was excessively over target and the threshold speed was well above target at 73 kt. The flare was described as perfect and the aircraft crossed the threshold high. Touchdown was very long, using more than 50 % of the runway. Touchdown speed was 56 kt, rated as good, with a smooth rate of -127 fpm and perfect alignment. No bounce occurred.

The total landing roll was 786 m, representing 94 % of the runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly off centreline by 14.6 m.

After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area in less than 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm.

The entire flight covered 7 nm in 6 minutes and used 0 kg of fuel.

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