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KCDW
Caldwell, United States
Runway 28
Elevation167 ft asl
Weight1,236 kg
Fuel209 kg
WindCalm

Flight Score

97.52 %
KPHL
Philadelphia, United States
Runway 27L
Elevation13 ft asl
Weight1,212 kg
Fuel184 kg
Wind70° · 5 kn
28 May 2025 0:33 77 nm Piper PA28 Turbo Arrow IV 25 kg
Departure Score
93.51 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
99.04 %

What went well

Touched down at -163 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 231 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 13 ft and 87 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Climb 2 — bank angle up to 22.1 ° at 47 %, −1.20 points
Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, Strobe Lights at 0 %, −0.95 points
Arrival Touchdown — Landing Bounce at 80 %, −0.20 points

Next time

Maintain the centreline

See Departure Roll

A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 17 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 1 kt0 kt min to max 6 kt 0 6 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.2 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 28 at KCDW Essex County Airport, Average speed was 20 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 20 kt8 kt min to max 32 kt 8 32 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °0.3 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.4 0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.5 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 88.58Departure roll runway 28 at KCDW Essex County Airport. Takeoff distance 320 m 39 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 76 kt. Local weather - Temperature 14 °C. Wind 0 kt at 180 °. Crosswind: 0 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 320 m39 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 76 ktTarget 70 kt
93 % Runway alignment max 5.00 m0.00 m left to 5.00 m right -1.12 -5.00 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.05 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °0.3 ° min to max 4.5 ° 0.3 4.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.1 0.7 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 99.91Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 28 KCDW Essex County Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 -0.3 °
100 % Average speed 83 kt76 kt min to max 87 kt 76 87 kt
99.7 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° 0.8 2.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.98 g min to max 1.07 g 1.06 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 426 fpm247 fpm min to max 697 fpm 247 697 fpm
Info Average altitude 20 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 51 ft agl 1 51 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.1 °4.6 ° min to max 9.0 ° 4.6 9.0 °
Departure Climb 2 85.56Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 28 KCDW Essex County Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Heading variation -0.6 °-2.4 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.3 -2.4 °
100 % Average speed 88 kt87 kt min to max 92 kt 87 92 kt
47 % Average bank angle 3.9 °0.3 ° min to max 22.1 ° 2.2 22.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.97 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 997 fpm708 fpm min to max 1,503 fpm 708 1,488 fpm
Info Average altitude 113 ft agl52 ft agl min to max 379 ft agl 52 379 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.4 °9.1 ° min to max 12.4 ° 9.1 11.5 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 66 ft agl · 87 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 204 ft agl · 88 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Fairfield (New Jersey, United States). Climbing from 582 ft asl to 6,771 ft asl, an increase of 6,190 ft in 6 minutes and covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 102 kt80 kt min to max 154 kt 92 154 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.4 °0.0 ° min to max 35.0 ° 23.5 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.70 g min to max 1.33 g 0.98 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 1,298 fpm-1,488 fpm min to max 3,778 fpm 1,403 -73 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,483 ft asl582 ft asl min to max 6,929 ft asl 582 6,771 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 8.7 °-5.9 ° min to max 23.7 ° 10.5 -1.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 789 ft agl · 98 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 789 ft agl · 98 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 939 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 939 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 1,386 ft agl · 100 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 1,386 ft agl · 100 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile west of Morristown (New Jersey, United States) and lasted 9 minutes, covering 25 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 7,090 ft asl6,786 ft asl min to max 7,387 ft asl 6,835 7,387 ft asl
100 % Average speed 153 kt151 kt min to max 156 kt 151 153 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.2 °0.0 ° min to max 16.8 ° 0.5 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 0.97 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-3.3 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.4 -1.8 °

Events

Info Navigation Lights Switched On 6,348 ft agl · 169 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south west of Flemington (New Jersey, United States). Descent from 7,389 ft asl to 1,055 ft asl, a decrease of 6,334 ft in 5 minutes and covering 12 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 154 kt144 kt min to max 170 kt 154 153 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.2 °0.0 ° min to max 22.0 ° 0.0 6.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.91 g min to max 1.35 g 1.00 1.05 g
Info Average VSI -1,111 fpm-3,449 fpm min to max 372 fpm -33 -817 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,614 ft asl1,055 ft asl min to max 7,408 ft asl 7,389 1,055 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -5.5 °-13.7 ° min to max -0.5 ° -2.2 -4.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 2,035 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 2,035 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 1,980 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 1,980 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Autopilot Backcourse Hold Activated 1,980 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 1,261 ft agl · 149 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated 1,261 ft agl · 149 kt
Info Autopilot Backcourse Hold Deactivated 1,261 ft agl · 149 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 1,215 ft agl · 151 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 1,215 ft agl · 151 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 948 ft agl · 153 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 948 ft agl · 153 kt
Info Autopilot Backcourse Hold Activated 948 ft agl · 153 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles north of Newtown Grant (Pennsylvania, United States) and lasted 9 minutes, covering 23 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,238 ft asl1,015 ft asl min to max 1,353 ft asl 1,043 1,353 ft asl
100 % Average speed 141 kt133 kt min to max 153 kt 153 141 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 6.4 ° 6.4 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.12 g 1.05 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -1.4 °-4.8 ° min to max 3.3 ° -4.2 -0.9 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started overhead RB17 Philadelphia Delaware Philadelphia (Pennsylvania, United States). Descent from 1,356 ft asl to 548 ft asl, a decrease of 808 ft in 2 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 133 kt108 kt min to max 147 kt 141 109 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.2 °0.0 ° min to max 21.3 ° 0.2 3.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.79 g min to max 1.29 g 1.00 0.79 g
Info Average VSI -360 fpm-2,231 fpm min to max 780 fpm 175 210 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,032 ft asl486 ft asl min to max 1,418 ft asl 1,356 548 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.5 °-10.5 ° min to max 4.9 ° -0.7 -1.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 3 99.54Approaching runway 27L at KPHL Philadelphia International Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 529 ft agl to 465 ft agl. A decrease of 64 ft in 7 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.2 °2.2 ° min to max 2.2 °Target 3.0 ° 2.2 2.2 °
100 % Average speed 111 kt109 kt min to max 112 kt 109 112 kt
100 % Heading variation 1.6 °1.6 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.7 1.6 °
98 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 3.9 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.84 g min to max 1.08 g 0.84 1.08 g
Info Average VSI -489 fpm-718 fpm min to max -172 fpm -172 -263 fpm
Info Average altitude 492 ft agl465 ft agl min to max 529 ft agl 529 465 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.0 °-3.5 ° min to max 0.2 ° -2.7 0.2 °
22.252.52.753400450500550600650700750800850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-200-150-100-50050100150200Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 100.00Approaching runway 27L at KPHL Philadelphia International Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 465 ft agl to 224 ft agl. A decrease of 241 ft in 29 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.4 °2.2 ° min to max 2.6 °Target 3.0 ° 2.2 2.2 °
100 % Average speed 110 kt102 kt min to max 113 kt 111 102 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.8 °0.1 ° min to max 1.5 ° 1.5 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.1 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.1 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.81 g min to max 1.10 g 1.06 0.93 g
Info Average VSI -453 fpm-962 fpm min to max 97 fpm -118 -962 fpm
Info Average altitude 380 ft agl224 ft agl min to max 472 ft agl 465 224 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.4 °-6.4 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.8 -6.4 °

Events

Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 482 ft agl · 109 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated 482 ft agl · 109 kt
Info Autopilot Backcourse Hold Deactivated 482 ft agl · 109 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 484 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 484 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 367 ft agl · 113 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 319 ft agl · 113 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 309 ft agl · 111 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 241 ft agl · 106 kt
11.251.51.752150200250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-160-120-80-4004080120160Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 99.38Approaching runway 27L at KPHL Philadelphia International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 206 ft agl to 11 ft agl. A decrease of 195 ft in 29 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 1.6 °1.0 ° min to max 2.0 °Target 3.0 ° 2.0 1.0 °
100 % Average speed 91 kt87 kt min to max 101 kt 101 87 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
97 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 4.2 ° 1.3 2.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.92 g min to max 1.09 g 1.00 1.06 g
Info Average VSI -342 fpm-1,027 fpm min to max -174 fpm -1,027 -537 fpm
Info Average altitude 60 ft agl11 ft agl min to max 206 ft agl 206 11 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.5 °-6.0 ° min to max -0.2 ° -6.0 -1.3 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 98.88Landing on runway 27L at KPHL Philadelphia International Airport, runway length 3,193 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 87 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was well above target at 87 kt. Target 75 kt
96 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
99.7 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 2.2 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.90 g min to max 1.17 g 1.07 1.06 g
Info Average speed 81 kt76 kt min to max 87 kt 87 76 kt
Info Average VSI -223 fpm-536 fpm min to max -75 fpm -536 -163 fpm
Info Average altitude 6 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 14 ft agl 14 1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-1.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° -1.0 1.9 °
07515022530001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 96.46Touchdown distance was good at 230 m. Touchdown speed at 76 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was good at -163 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 13 °C. Wind 4 kt at 70 °. Crosswind: 0 kt Tailwind: 4 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
98 % Touchdown VSI was -163 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 230 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 76 ktTarget below 72 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 0.97 m0.54 m left 0.97 0.18 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.1 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.1 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.96 g min to max 1.30 g 1.06 1.03 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 74 kt73 kt min to max 76 kt 76 73 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °-0.1 ° min to max 2.2 ° 1.9 0.1 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 524 m, 16 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 524 m16 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 2.59 m0.15 m left to 2.44 m right 0.15 -2.44 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 0.99 g
Info Average speed 71 kt44 kt min to max 76 kt 76 44 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.6 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.5 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 2 ft agl · 63 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 18 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 21 kt7 kt min to max 39 kt 39 7 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° -0.2 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 75 kt with 3.8° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF3.8° off8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0102030 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 36 kt 0.3° 0 s
Liftoff306 m · target 70 75 kt 3.8° 10.4 s
35 ft568 m · 6.2 s after liftoff 86 kt 7.8° 16.6 s
End of the climb1,344 m · 380 ft 92 kt 11.5° 34.6 s

Takeoff from KCDW 28

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
320m39 %
Liftoff speed100.00
75kttarget 70, 5 fast
Runway alignment92.89
5.00m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.91
425fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 380 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 385 m of runway left; then climbing at 940 fpm on average to 380 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 75 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 827 m runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted right of the centreline, 5 m at the widest, and lifted off 5 m right. Airborne 21 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

100200300400500600700800THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 4.96 m RAirborne 179 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 179 m of 827 m · 22 %
Takeoff roll, 179 m Left ahead, 648 m

The approach to KPHL 27L

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 3.0 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 430 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND599509444299115
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 354 m right of the centreline at 3.0 nm, then drifted 172 m left between 2.6 and 1.2 nm, then inside the band from 1.2 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND313 m R155 m L78 m L18 m L15 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band from 3.0 nm, where the final began, to 0.2 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +16 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140160 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 75+50 kt+36 kt+35 kt+35 kt+19 kt+12 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on KPHL 27L

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
13ft
Threshold speed100.00
87kttarget 75, 12 fast
Centreline offset100.00
0.02m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
231m
Centreline100.00
0.97m L
Speed100.00
75kttarget 72, 3 fast
Touchdown rate97.83
-163fpm
Impact100.00
1.30G
Bounces80.00
1
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 070° at 5 kt · 4 kt tail · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 80 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 12 s, an average deceleration of 0.24 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608010060 kt · 213 m30 kt · 348 mtouchdown362 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 13 ft, 37 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 231 m in, 74 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

13 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −162 fpm · 1.9° nose up · 76 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 13 ft, down at 231 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 480 fpm at 12 ft to 160 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.0° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−2°4°10°touchdown−162 fpm at touchdown1.9° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,193 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 1.6 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 231 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 231 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.30 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 468 m of 3,193 m · 15 %
In the air over the runway, 231 mRollout, 237 m Left over, 2,725 m
Rollout distance100.00
237m15 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
2.44m R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with a taxiing period from the parking area to the runway, which took approximately 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nautical mile. The aircraft, a Piper PA28 Turbo Arrow IV, then departed from runway 28 at KCDW Essex County Airport. The takeoff distance was 320 meters, which accounted for 39% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 76 knots.

The local weather conditions at the time of departure were characterized by a temperature of 14°C, with a wind speed of 0 knots at 180°. There was no crosswind or headwind. The aircraft then began its enroute climb, starting overhead Fairfield, New Jersey, and ascending from 582 feet above sea level to 6,771 feet above sea level, an increase of 6,190 feet in 6 minutes, covering a distance of 11 nautical miles.

Following the initial climb, the aircraft entered a level cruise, starting 1 mile west of Morristown, New Jersey, and lasting 9 minutes, covering a distance of 25 nautical miles. The aircraft then began its descent, starting 1 mile southwest of Flemington, New Jersey, and descending from 7,389 feet above sea level to 1,055 feet above sea level, a decrease of 6,334 feet in 5 minutes, covering a distance of 12 nautical miles.

The aircraft then entered another level cruise, starting 2 miles north of Newtown Grant, Pennsylvania, and lasting 9 minutes, covering a distance of 23 nautical miles. The final descent began overhead RB17 Philadelphia Delaware Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and the aircraft descended from 1,356 feet above sea level to 548 feet above sea level, a decrease of 808 feet in 2 minutes, covering a distance of 5 nautical miles.

The final approach to runway 27L at KPHL Philadelphia International Airport was made from the east, heading 259.0° at 2 nautical miles and 529 feet above ground level. The landing was successful, with a touchdown distance of 230 meters, which was good. The touchdown speed was 76 knots, which was a little fast, but the touchdown rate was good at -163 feet per minute. The runway touchdown alignment was perfect, and the runway rollout alignment was also perfect.

The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 13°C, with a wind speed of 4 knots at 70°. There was no crosswind, but a tailwind of 4 knots. The total landing distance was 524 meters, which accounted for 16% of the runway. The total flight distance was 77 nautical miles, taking 33 minutes, and the aircraft used 25 kilograms of fuel.

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