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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Raise the gear lever promptly once a positive rate of climb is confirmed after liftoff.
What happened: The landing gear was never raised during the initial climb and was still down when the climb ended.
Watch for: Landing gear lever: UP promptly after confirming a positive rate of climb.
Arrival
Take the power back earlier on final, so the aircraft settles onto the path and the speed comes back to 124 kt together. Do not push down for the height: that only adds speed.
What happened: You crossed the threshold at 71 ft agl, 21 ft agl above the 50 ft agl target, and at 150 kt, 26 kt over the 124 kt threshold speed. High and fast together is energy the runway has to absorb, and this touchdown came 118 m beyond the aim point.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 124 kt on short final, then 50 ft agl over the threshold
A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 20 stages, 18 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 111 kt, 9 kt below the 120 kt target, and lifted off at 150 kt 4.9 s later, the nose coming up at 1.7° a second. Climb 3 held close to its 169 kt target, at 173 kt on average.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 901 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 344 m of runway left; then climbing at 3,600 fpm on average to 901 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 1,287 m runway.
Rolled from 145 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 12 m at the widest, and lifted off 7.1 m right. Airborne 57 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 4 nm to 1.1 nm, then not again: fast from 1.1 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 150 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 15× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 25 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 31 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 19 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 1.1 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +30 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare tracked the target profile closely. The flare was flown from 71 ft agl over the threshold, well above the target height, so the aircraft was above the profile for most of the landing. Touchdown was 575 m past the threshold. The flare cannot recover height that was never lost - fly the approach down to the aim point and the flare has somewhere to start from.
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 200° at 7 kt · 7 kt head · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 66 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 11 s, an average deceleration of 0.19 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 71 ft, 21 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare at 39 ft. Touched down 575 m in, 270 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 950 fpm at the flare to 100 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.6° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,385 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 3.7 m left at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 575 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Cessna 750 Citation X taxied from the parking area to runway 18 at King Salmon Airport (PAKN) in 9 minutes, covering approximately 1 nm.
During the departure roll on runway 18, the aircraft used 739 m of runway, representing 57 % of the available length, and lifted off at 151 kt. Ambient conditions were 12 °C with a wind from 229° at 8 kt, including a 4 kt cross-wind component and a 7 kt head-wind component.
The initial climb began overhead King Salmon Airport, climbing from 1,028 ft asl to 25,823 ft asl, an altitude gain of 24,794 ft in 13 minutes while covering 67 nm.
A level cruise segment started 4 mi south of Big Mountain Airport (PABM) and lasted 2 minutes, during which the aircraft traveled 13 nm.
A second climb commenced 2 mi west of Kokhanok Airport (PFKK), rising from 25,966 ft asl to 28,782 ft asl, a gain of 2,815 ft in 2 minutes and covering 13 nm.
The first descent began 11 mi north-east of Kokhanok Airport, descending from 28,813 ft asl to 26,464 ft asl, a loss of 2,349 ft in 2 minutes while traversing 15 nm.
A subsequent cruise segment started 5 mi south of Skelton Airport (AK04) and lasted 3 minutes, during which 26 nm were flown.
The next descent started 10 mi north-west of Camp Point Airport (AK18), dropping from 26,027 ft asl to 5,983 ft asl, a decrease of 20,044 ft in 10 minutes and covering 64 nm.
A further cruise phase began 8 mi west of Salamatof and lasted 5 minutes, with 20 nm flown.
The final descent started 6 mi north of Niesen Airstrip (06AN), descending from 5,375 ft asl to 1,409 ft asl, a loss of 3,966 ft in 6 minutes and covering 16 nm.
On final approach to runway 20R at Kenai Municipal Airport (PAEN), the aircraft approached from the north-east on a heading of 211.0°, entering the approach at 4 nm and 1,320 ft agl, then descending from 1,282 ft agl to 191 ft agl in 112 seconds and meeting the stabilisation gates.
Landing on runway 20R, which is 2,385 m long, the aircraft touched down with a threshold height of 71 ft agl that was above target and a threshold speed of 150 kt. The touchdown point was 158 m beyond the touchdown zone, the speed at touchdown was 140 kt, and the vertical speed was minus 71 fpm. Alignment on touchdown was perfect, and local weather reported 12 °C with a wind from 198° at 7 kt, including a 2 kt cross-wind and a 7 kt head-wind. The total landing roll measured 1,008 m, representing 42 % of the runway.
Runway rollout alignment was very good as the aircraft decelerated and exited the runway.
The aircraft taxied from the runway to the parking area in 6 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
Overall, the flight covered 246 nm, lasted 56 minutes, and consumed 370 kg of fuel.
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