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LIRF
Rome, Italy
Runway 07
Elevation7 ft asl
Weight2,004 kg
Fuel455 kg
Wind360° · 3 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

90.48 %
BUSH
2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy), Italy
Runway XX
Elevation88 ft asl
Weight1,984 kg
Fuel435 kg
Wind84° · 0 kn
29 Feb 2024 0:12 9 nm Turbo Porter 20 kg
Departure Score
89.26 %
Enroute Score
99.47 %
Arrival Score
78.38 %

What went well

Touchdown 96 m in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout controlled — 7 % of the runway used
Rollout held the centreline — 4.26 m off at taxi speed

What held you back

Arrival Touchdown — Speed at touchdown 77 kn at 27 %, Touchdown VSI was -718 ft/m. at 30 %, −2.90 points
Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 54 %, Threshold speed was too high at 83 kn. at 68 %, −2.32 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 4.3 ° at 34 %, Heading variation -0.2 ° at 63 %, −1.82 points

Top opportunity

Shorten the long landing

Arrival Touchdown

Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.

Read more in VRef Explained

Start to finish · 14 stages, 14 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 87.75Departure roll runway 07 at LIRF Fiumicino. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 51 kn. Local weather - Temperature 10 °C. Wind 3 kn at 359 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 51 knTarget 57 kn
89 % Runway alignment max 6.75 m6.14 m left to 0.61 m right -0.61 2.17 m
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.98 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 6.7 °5.9 ° min to max 7.5 ° 6.8 7.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.4 ° 0.0 4.4 °

Events

Fail Taxi Light ON should OFF
Info Landing Lights Switched On 6 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 6 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 7 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 7 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 7 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 7 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl · 3 kt
Departure Climb 1 97.74Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 07 LIRF Fiumicino.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Heading variation 0.6 °-0.5 ° min to max 1.1 ° -0.5 1.0 °
100 % Average speed 68 kn51 kn min to max 79 kn 51 79 kn
92 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 5.2 ° 4.4 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.86 g min to max 1.09 g 0.97 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 190 ft/m101 ft/m min to max 344 ft/m 193 344 ft/m
Info Average altitude 15 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 38 ft agl 0 38 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.5 °3.4 ° min to max 7.8 ° 7.2 5.8 °
Departure Climb 2 80.42Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 07 LIRF Fiumicino.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
63 % Heading variation 1.6 °1.0 ° min to max 4.9 ° 1.0 4.2 °
100 % Average speed 84 kn79 kn min to max 104 kn 79 103 kn
58 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 17.8 ° 1.4 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.18 g 1.01 1.18 g
Info Average VSI 353 ft/m-148 ft/m min to max 764 ft/m 348 423 ft/m
Info Average altitude 115 ft agl38 ft agl min to max 379 ft agl 38 379 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °1.1 ° min to max 8.6 ° 5.8 6.1 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 67 ft agl · 81 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 130 ft agl · 85 kt
Departure Climb 3 91.12Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 07 LIRF Fiumicino.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
75 % Heading variation -0.7 °-5.5 ° min to max 4.2 ° 4.2 -5.5 °
100 % Average speed 105 kn96 kn min to max 112 kn 101 106 kn
81 % Average bank angle 2.9 °0.0 ° min to max 9.2 ° 2.4 2.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.86 g min to max 1.14 g 1.14 0.94 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 158 ft/m-518 ft/m min to max 1,074 ft/m 731 -21 ft/m
Info Average altitude 657 ft agl394 ft agl min to max 738 ft agl 394 715 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °-2.0 ° min to max 8.4 ° 7.7 0.1 °
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 5 miles north east of LIRF Fiumicino Rome (Lazio, Italy) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 657 ft asl604 ft asl min to max 728 ft asl 728 611 ft asl
100 % Average speed 106 kn102 kn min to max 111 kn 106 108 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 6.1 ° 3.0 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.13 g 0.95 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-1.8 ° min to max 2.7 ° 0.1 -0.8 °
Enroute Descent 99.26Enroute descent started 3 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy). Descent from 606 ft asl to 422 ft asl, a decrease of 184 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 111 kn109 kn min to max 113 kn 109 110 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.6 °0.0 ° min to max 14.0 ° 1.4 10.4 °
93 % Average g force 1.01 g0.79 g min to max 1.38 g 1.02 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -366 ft/m-864 ft/m min to max 107 ft/m -317 -247 ft/m
Info Average altitude 506 ft asl422 ft asl min to max 606 ft asl 606 422 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-4.4 ° min to max 2.3 ° -0.7 -0.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 98.91Enroute level cruise started 2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy) and lasted 2 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 483 ft asl329 ft asl min to max 636 ft asl 416 451 ft asl
100 % Average speed 103 kn92 kn min to max 115 kn 110 97 kn
100 % Average bank angle 16.5 °0.0 ° min to max 36.8 ° 9.8 8.5 °
89 % Average g force 1.07 g0.82 g min to max 1.44 g 0.98 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °-6.0 ° min to max 8.7 ° -1.2 7.6 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy). Climbing from 468 ft asl to 653 ft asl, an increase of 185 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 94 kn92 kn min to max 96 kn 96 95 kn
100 % Average bank angle 21.2 °7.7 ° min to max 34.8 ° 8.1 34.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.88 g min to max 1.11 g 0.99 1.06 g
Info Average VSI 410 ft/m-60 ft/m min to max 960 ft/m 960 -60 ft/m
Info Average altitude 576 ft asl468 ft asl min to max 654 ft asl 468 653 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °2.5 ° min to max 7.3 ° 7.2 2.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 2 99.20Enroute descent started 3 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy). Descent from 645 ft asl to 477 ft asl, a decrease of 169 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 103 kn96 kn min to max 115 kn 96 115 kn
100 % Average bank angle 15.5 °0.4 ° min to max 32.8 ° 32.2 2.0 °
92 % Average g force 1.06 g0.86 g min to max 1.39 g 1.39 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -321 ft/m-962 ft/m min to max 423 ft/m -174 -850 ft/m
Info Average altitude 619 ft asl477 ft asl min to max 685 ft asl 645 477 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-4.4 ° min to max 5.6 ° 4.2 -3.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 100.00Arrival started 3 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 100 kn85 kn min to max 119 kn 116 85 kn
100 % Average bank angle 11.4 °0.0 ° min to max 31.2 ° 2.4 6.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.78 g min to max 1.22 g 1.04 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -9 ft/m-1,203 ft/m min to max 854 ft/m -757 -444 ft/m
Info Average altitude 512 ft asl340 ft asl min to max 672 ft asl 451 452 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °-6.7 ° min to max 7.1 ° -2.8 -2.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 5 556 ft agl · 99 kt
Arrival Final 1 78.11Approaching landing ground 2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy) from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 356 ft agl to 45 ft agl. A decrease of 311 ft in 21 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
34 % Approach angle 4.3 °3.2 ° min to max 5.4 °Target 3.0 ° 5.3 3.2 °
100 % Average speed 85 kn83 kn min to max 86 kn 85 83 kn
63 % Heading variation -0.2 °-1.4 ° min to max 0.1 ° -1.4 0.0 °
93 % Average bank angle 3.0 °0.0 ° min to max 5.5 ° 5.5 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.95 g min to max 1.05 g 0.96 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -930 ft/m-1,047 ft/m min to max -467 ft/m -467 -1,047 ft/m
Info Average altitude 129 ft agl45 ft agl min to max 356 ft agl 356 45 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -5.3 °-6.1 ° min to max -2.5 ° -2.5 -5.5 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-90-68-45-23023456890Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 72.21Approaching touchdown 2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy). Descent from 31 ft agl to 0 ft agl. A decrease of 31 ft in 2 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
68 % Threshold speed was too high at 83 kn. Target 67 kn
54 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.1 °
95 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.2 ° min to max 4.0 ° 0.2 4.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.10 g1.01 g min to max 1.16 g 1.01 1.16 g
Info Average speed 80 kn77 kn min to max 83 kn 83 77 kn
Info Average VSI -911 ft/m-1,047 ft/m min to max -718 ft/m -1,047 -718 ft/m
Info Average altitude 13 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 31 ft agl 31 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.3 °-5.5 ° min to max -1.0 ° -5.5 -1.0 °
07501223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075-12-10-8-6-4-2024681012Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 65.16Touchdown 2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy). Touchdown speed at 77 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -718 ft/m. Touchdown distance was good at 96 m. Local weather - Temperature 11 °C. Wind 0 kn at 83 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
30 % Touchdown VSI was -718 ft/m.
27 % Speed at touchdown 77 knTarget 55 kn
100 % Alignment max 4.30 m0.56 m right -2.23 2.05 m
69 % Average bank angle 2.9 °0.8 ° min to max 4.5 ° 4.0 0.8 °
79 % Average g force 1.09 g0.74 g min to max 1.62 g 1.16 1.22 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 70 kn62 kn min to max 77 kn 77 62 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-3.1 ° min to max 4.9 ° -1.0 -1.6 °
Arrival Rollout 98.02Landing rollout 2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy). Altitude88 ft asl. Distance was 15 m.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Alignment max 4.26 m4.26 m left to 0.00 m left 2.27 4.26 m
100 % Average g force 1.09 g1.03 g min to max 1.18 g 1.18 1.03 g
Info Average speed 58 kn56 kn min to max 60 kn 60 56 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °-0.9 ° min to max 3.2 ° -0.9 3.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.4 0.7 °

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll237 m · 8 %
100.00Liftoff speed50 kt
88.73Runway alignment6.14 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
97.74Rate of climb190 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

68.98Threshold height31 ft
67.99Threshold speed83 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.03 m R

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on BUSH XX

Past threshold100.00
96m
Centreline100.00
2.05m L
Speed26.84
77kt
Touchdown rate29.72
-718fpm
Impact78.86
1.62G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

31 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 31 ft, down at 96 m

Plan view — the full 1,524 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 96 m past threshold CLEARED

The 96 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 111 m of 1,524 m · 7 %
Rollout distance100.00
15m7 % used
Rollout alignment95.60
4.26m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 07 at LIRF Fiumicino in the Pilatus PC-6 Porter
89.26 %
87.75 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 07 at LIRF Fiumicino. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 51 kn. Local weather - Temperature 10 °C. Wind 3 kn at 359 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 0 m using 0 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 51 kn - Target 57 kn
Alignment
88.73 %
6.14 m left to 0.61 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
60 30 0
Bank °
Info
5 2.5 0
Pitch °
Info
8 6.5 5
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,750-20-15-10-505101520 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
97.74 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 07 LIRF Fiumicino.
Alignment
99.33 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 65 50
Bank °
91.63 %
6 3 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
8 5.5 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
400 150 -100
80.42 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 07 LIRF Fiumicino.
Alignment
63.25 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
110 90 70
Bank °
58.42 %
18 9 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 5 1
Climb Rate fpm
Info
800 300 -200
91.12 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 07 LIRF Fiumicino.
Alignment
74.5 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
120 105 90
Bank °
81.08 %
10 5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 3.5 -2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,100 250 -600
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,750074148222296370 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50.7511.251.50100200300400500600700 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.50.7511.251.5-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway XX at 2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy) in the Pilatus PC-6 Porter
Landing Score 78.38 %
Landing Summary

Overall, it sounds like there were some challenges during the different phases of the landing. However, it's important to focus on what went well. In this case, the runway alignment and distance were good during the Touchdown Phase, and the runway alignment was fair during the Rollout Phase.

To address the areas that didn't go so well, such as the poor descent path and landing flare, it's important for the pilot to ensure proper approach and landing techniques are followed. This includes maintaining the correct descent path, speed, and heading alignment throughout the approach phase, and executing a smooth landing flare to reduce the risk of instability during landing.

Additionally, it's crucial to monitor and adjust the aircraft's speed during the touchdown phase to prevent excessively high touchdown rates and bouncing. Aiming for a smooth and controlled touchdown will help ensure a safe and well-executed landing.

Overall, focusing on improving techniques and maintaining proper control throughout each phase of the landing will help enhance overall performance and safety for future flights. Keep practicing and seeking feedback to continue to improve your skills as a pilot.

78.11 %
Final 1
Approaching landing ground 2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy) from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 356 ft agl to 45 ft agl. A decrease of 311 ft in 21 seconds.
Glideslope
34.02 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
63.2 %
Poor heading alignment
Glideslope °
34.02 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
86 83 80
Alignment
63.2 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
93.34 %
6 3 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-467 -783 -1,100
00.250.50.751050100150200250300 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-90-68-45-23023456890 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
72.21 %
Landing
Approaching touchdown 2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy). Descent from 31 ft agl to 0 ft agl. A decrease of 31 ft in 2 seconds.
Height
68.98 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
67.99 %
Threshold speed was too high at 83 kt. Target 67 kt
Flare
53.98 %
Poor landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
94.76 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
83 77 70
Pitch °
Info
0 -2.5 -5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-734 -917 -1,100
07501223354658 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075-12-10-8-6-4-2024681012 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
65.16 %
Touchdown
Touchdown 2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy). Touchdown speed at 77 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -718 ft/m. Touchdown distance was good at 96 m. Local weather - Temperature 11 °C. Wind 0 kn at 83 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn
Touchdown
29.72 %
Touchdown rate was very heavy at -718 fpm.
Speed
26.84 %
Touchdown speed at 77 kt was excessively fast. Target below 55 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 96 m.
Alignment
100 %
Runway touchdown alignment was very good.
Bank
68.5 %
Bank angle 2.9 °
G
78.86 %
G 1.09 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
98.02 %
Rollout
Landing rollout 2 miles west of Rome (Lazio, Italy). Altitude88 ft asl. Distance was 15 m.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 219 m using 14.34 % of runway
Alignment
95.6 %
Runway rollout alignment was very good.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
61 56 50
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
4 2 0
0200 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
Metrics
Metrics

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