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KDPA
Chicago, United States
Runway 20R
Elevation748 ft asl
Weight10,905 kg
Fuel1,510 kg
Wind260° · 7 kn · 6 kn cross

Flight Score

97.18 %
KPWK
Chicago\/Prospect Hgts\/Wh, United States
Runway 16
Elevation643 ft asl
Weight10,737 kg
Fuel1,338 kg
WindCalm
4 Dec 2023 0:34 35 nm DHC-4 Caribou 172 kg
Departure Score
96.22 %
Enroute Score
99.94 %
Arrival Score
94.72 %

What went well

Touchdown 223 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 4.24 m off the centreline, no bounce
Rollout controlled — 40 % of the runway used

What held you back

Departure Climb 3 — bank angle up to 27.3 ° at 33 %, −0.89 points
Arrival Touchdown — bank angle up to 5.5 ° at 0 %, Touchdown VSI was -407 ft/m at 62 %, −0.77 points
Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 84 %, bank angle up to 5.9 ° at 90 %, −0.36 points

Next time

Shorten the long landing

See Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 18 stages, 16 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 8 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kn0 kn min to max 20 kn 0 8 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 8 knmax 8 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-1.0 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.5 -0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.1 °

Events

Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Info Engine 2 Started 6 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 6 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake On 6 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 6 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake On 6 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 6 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 6 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 6 ft agl · 12 kt
Departure Roll 96.15Departure roll runway 20R at KDPA Dupage. Takeoff distance 3,074 m 133 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 78 kn. Local weather - Temperature 3 °C. Wind 7 kn at 260 °. Crosswind: 6 kn Headwind: 3 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 3,074 m133 % of runway
81 % Liftoff speed was 78 knTarget 90 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 1.56 m0.93 m left to 0.63 m right -0.27 0.93 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 0.99 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-0.7 ° min to max 1.5 ° -0.4 1.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.3 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Info Flaps Position 1 6 ft agl · 3 kt
Departure Climb 1 99.30Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 20R KDPA Dupage.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.3 °
100 % Average speed 94 kn78 kn min to max 106 kn 78 106 kn
97 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 0.3 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.05 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 175 ft/m123 ft/m min to max 212 ft/m 123 209 ft/m
Info Average altitude 15 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 36 ft agl 0 36 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °0.5 ° min to max 2.0 ° 1.6 0.5 °
Departure Climb 2 98.96Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 20R KDPA Dupage.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.3 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 111 kn106 kn min to max 127 kn 106 127 kn
96 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 3.6 ° 1.8 2.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.87 g min to max 1.19 g 0.99 1.10 g
Info Average VSI 331 ft/m100 ft/m min to max 1,093 ft/m 209 395 ft/m
Info Average altitude 103 ft agl54 ft agl min to max 393 ft agl 54 393 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 5.0 ° 0.5 3.5 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 59 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 211 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 355 ft agl · 112 kt
Departure Climb 3 86.68Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 20R KDPA Dupage.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.9 °-1.8 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.6 -1.8 °
100 % Average speed 140 kn129 kn min to max 149 kn 129 149 kn
33 % Average bank angle 6.1 °0.1 ° min to max 27.3 ° 3.1 27.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.95 g min to max 1.12 g 1.01 1.12 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 568 ft/m315 ft/m min to max 724 ft/m 531 360 ft/m
Info Average altitude 536 ft agl385 ft agl min to max 660 ft agl 385 660 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °1.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.4 1.0 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 2 miles south east of Geneva (Kane County, Illinois, United States). Climbing from 1,432 ft asl to 2,774 ft asl, an increase of 1,342 ft in 4 minutes and covering 9 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 158 kn150 kn min to max 160 kn 150 158 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.2 °0.0 ° min to max 28.0 ° 28.0 2.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.13 g 1.12 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 360 ft/m152 ft/m min to max 430 ft/m 351 156 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,111 ft asl1,432 ft asl min to max 2,774 ft asl 1,432 2,774 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-0.4 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.1 -0.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead 06C Schaumburg Rgnl Chicago\/Schaumburg (Illinois, United States) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 14 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,977 ft asl2,805 ft asl min to max 3,002 ft asl 2,805 2,998 ft asl
100 % Average speed 159 kn158 kn min to max 160 kn 159 160 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.0 ° min to max 18.4 ° 0.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.07 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-1.2 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.4 -1.0 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles north of Buffalo Grove (Cook County, Illinois, United States). Descent from 2,998 ft asl to 2,783 ft asl, a decrease of 215 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 160 kn158 kn min to max 164 kn 159 164 kn
100 % Average bank angle 13.5 °0.9 ° min to max 25.7 ° 8.4 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.95 g min to max 1.12 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -196 ft/m-746 ft/m min to max 47 ft/m -11 -269 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,958 ft asl2,783 ft asl min to max 2,998 ft asl 2,998 2,783 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-3.5 ° min to max -0.8 ° -1.1 -2.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 99.76Enroute level cruise started 1 mile east of Vernon Hills (Lake County, Illinois, United States) and lasted 12 minutes, covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Average altitude 2,463 ft asl2,214 ft asl min to max 2,751 ft asl 2,751 2,214 ft asl
100 % Average speed 110 kn75 kn min to max 167 kn 165 85 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.0 °0.0 ° min to max 27.9 ° 0.9 5.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.91 g min to max 1.14 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-2.5 ° min to max 4.6 ° -1.8 -2.5 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 2,004 ft agl · 168 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,591 ft agl · 100 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 1,591 ft agl · 100 kt
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 1 mile east of Vernon Hills (Lake County, Illinois, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 82 kn80 kn min to max 85 kn 85 81 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.7 °0.2 ° min to max 6.3 ° 5.9 6.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -477 ft/m-510 ft/m min to max -414 ft/m -487 -414 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,037 ft asl1,873 ft asl min to max 2,206 ft asl 2,206 1,873 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-2.5 ° min to max -1.3 ° -2.5 -1.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 4 98.12Approaching runway 16 at KPWK Chicago Executive from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,223 ft agl to 923 ft agl. A decrease of 300 ft in 43 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.9 °2.9 ° min to max 2.9 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 2.9 °
100 % Average speed 80 kn79 kn min to max 81 kn 81 80 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.1 °
91 % Average bank angle 3.8 °0.6 ° min to max 6.5 ° 5.0 5.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 0.98 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -419 ft/m-459 ft/m min to max -389 ft/m -445 -419 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,070 ft agl923 ft agl min to max 1,223 ft agl 1,223 923 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.4 °-1.8 ° min to max -1.0 ° -1.8 -1.5 °
33.253.53.7548509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-100-75-50-250255075100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 3 97.36Approaching runway 16 at KPWK Chicago Executive from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 916 ft agl to 643 ft agl. A decrease of 273 ft in 42 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.9 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 3.1 °
100 % Average speed 80 kn79 kn min to max 80 kn 80 80 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.2 °
87 % Average bank angle 4.3 °0.1 ° min to max 7.9 ° 4.4 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.03 g 1.02 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -374 ft/m-440 ft/m min to max -326 ft/m -414 -358 ft/m
Info Average altitude 781 ft agl643 ft agl min to max 916 ft agl 916 643 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.4 °-1.6 ° min to max -1.0 ° -1.3 -1.3 °
22.252.52.7535506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-80-60-40-20020406080Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 97.67Approaching runway 16 at KPWK Chicago Executive from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 637 ft agl to 343 ft agl. A decrease of 294 ft in 43 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.2 °3.1 ° min to max 3.3 °Target 3.0 ° 3.1 3.3 °
100 % Average speed 80 kn79 kn min to max 80 kn 80 80 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.2 -0.1 °
88 % Average bank angle 4.0 °0.3 ° min to max 7.3 ° 2.4 3.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -406 ft/m-444 ft/m min to max -345 ft/m -346 -444 ft/m
Info Average altitude 493 ft agl343 ft agl min to max 637 ft agl 637 343 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.4 °-1.6 ° min to max -1.3 ° -1.3 -1.5 °
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 97.83Approaching runway 16 at KPWK Chicago Executive from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 337 ft agl to 40 ft agl. A decrease of 296 ft in 36 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99.6 % Approach angle 3.2 °2.9 ° min to max 3.4 °Target 3.0 ° 3.3 2.9 °
100 % Average speed 80 kn79 kn min to max 81 kn 80 79 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° -0.1 0.2 °
90 % Average bank angle 3.8 °0.1 ° min to max 6.9 ° 1.8 4.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -495 ft/m-520 ft/m min to max -409 ft/m -433 -519 ft/m
Info Average altitude 105 ft agl40 ft agl min to max 337 ft agl 337 40 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.0 °-2.2 ° min to max -1.4 ° -1.4 -2.0 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 92.51Landing on runway 16 at KPWK Chicago Executive, runway length 1,526 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 78 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 78 kn. Target 75 kn
84 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.2 °
90 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.0 ° min to max 5.9 ° 4.6 5.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.03 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Average speed 76 kn74 kn min to max 78 kn 78 74 kn
Info Average VSI -449 ft/m-519 ft/m min to max -407 ft/m -519 -407 ft/m
Info Average altitude 20 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 41 ft agl 41 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.4 °-2.0 ° min to max -1.2 ° -2.0 -1.7 °
07515022501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225-25-20-15-10-50510152025Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 83.77Touchdown distance was good at 219 m. Touchdown speed at 74 kn was too fast. Touchdown rate was hard at -407 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.3 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 4 °C. Wind 0 kn at 257 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
62 % Touchdown VSI was -407 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 219 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 74 knTarget 75 kn
90 % Runway alignment max 4.29 m4.27 m right -4.27 -4.24 m
0 % Average bank angle 3.5 °1.4 ° min to max 5.5 ° 5.5 1.4 °
92 % Average g force 1.23 g1.00 g min to max 1.39 g 1.00 1.12 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 73 kn72 kn min to max 74 kn 74 72 kn
Info Average pitch angle -1.4 °-1.9 ° min to max -0.6 ° -1.7 -0.6 °
Arrival Rollout 95.79Total landing distance 628 m, 41 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 628 m41 % of runway.
91 % Runway alignment max 5.34 m1.11 m left to 4.23 m right -4.23 1.11 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.10 g 1.10 1.00 g
Info Average speed 60 kn39 kn min to max 71 kn 71 39 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-1.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.5 -0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 1.1 ° 1.1 0.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 6 ft agl · 49 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 23 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 23 kn15 kn min to max 36 kn 36 15 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-0.8 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.8 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 77 kt with 1.6° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

150 kt10050020°10°0°LIFTOFF1.6° off1° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 11 kt -0.5° 0 s
Liftoff368 m 77 kt 1.6° 24.4 s
35 ft970 m · 12.7 s after liftoff 106 kt 0.5° 37.1 s
End of Climb 35,081 m · 660 ft 149 kt 1.0° 103 s

Takeoff from KDPA 20R

Takeoff roll100.00
461m20 %
Liftoff speed80.74
77kt
Runway alignment100.00
0.93m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.30
175fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 660 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 1,242 m of runway left; then climbing at 510 fpm on average to 660 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

750 ft375 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 77 ktSCALE CHANGES2.9 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,306 m runway.

Rolled from 94 m in, never more than 1 m off the centreline, in 6 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 20 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS6 kn75 %widest 0.96 m LROLL 94 M INAirborne 462 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 462 m of 2,306 m · 20 %
Behind the start of the roll, 94 mTakeoff roll, 368 m Left ahead, 1,844 m

The approach to KPWK 16

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 50 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,275971694544387231
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 17× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 21 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR55 m L055 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND1 m R2 m R12 m R12 m R10 m R1 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on KPWK 16

Over the threshold

Threshold height90.11
40ft
Threshold speed100.00
78kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.06m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
223m
Centreline90.45
4.29m R
Speed100.00
73kt
Touchdown rate62.40
-407fpm
Impact92.00
1.39G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

Calm: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° left of the track, 5° of bank.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 72 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 23 s, an average deceleration of 0.10 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 96 m30 kt · 533 mtouchdown554 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 40 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 223 m in, 82 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

40 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −407 fpm · −1.7° nose down · 74 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 40 ft, down at 223 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 490 fpm at 39 ft to 410 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−2°4°10°touchdown−407 fpm at touchdown−1.7° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,526 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 4.2 m right of the centreline, and steered back to 0.8 m left by the end of the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 223 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 223 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 407 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 610 m of 1,526 m · 40 %
In the air over the runway, 223 mRollout, 388 m Left over, 915 m
Rollout distance100.00
388m40 % used
Rollout alignment90.65
4.23m R

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