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KCDW
Caldwell, United States
Runway 22
Elevation171 ft asl
Weight1,368 kg
Fuel133 kg
WindCalm

Flight Score

96.04 %
KLGA
New York, United States
Runway 31
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight1,359 kg
Fuel122 kg
Wind59° · 3 kn · 3 kn cross
18 Jul 2025 0:31 39 nm Pesim FPV Drone Racer 10 kg
Departure Score
96.53 %
Enroute Score
97.14 %
Arrival Score
94.46 %

What went well

Touched down at -253 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 318 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 38 ft and 70 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Enroute Level — stall warning; speed limits at 0 %, −0.95 points
Departure Climb 3 — bank angle up to 23.0 ° at 45 %, −0.74 points
Arrival Taxi — Taxi Lights at 0 %, Landing Lights at 1 %, −0.55 points

Next time

Departure

Use smaller, smoother aileron inputs to hold the climb bank angle near wings-level.

What happened: During Climb 3 the bank angle averaged 14°, well beyond a steady wings-level climb.

Watch for: Attitude indicator - bank angle, keeping it close to wings-level through the climb.

See Departure Climb 3

Below 10,000 ft you are typically limited to 250 kt indicated (a US rule that much of the world mirrors in some form, though not universally). This forces a deceleration around 10,000 ft whether the profile wants one or not, so plan for it rather than discovering it.

Start to finish · 20 stages, 18 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 5 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 8 kt0 kt min to max 13 kt 0 11 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 10 ktmax 13 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.2 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.0 0.3 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 4 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 4 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 4 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 4 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 4 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 4 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 4 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 22 at KCDW Essex County Airport, Average speed was 18 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 19 kt0 kt min to max 40 kt 10 40 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-0.5 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.2 0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.4 0.4 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.01 g

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 4 ft agl
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 4 ft agl
Departure Roll 94.85Departure roll runway 22 at KCDW Essex County Airport. Takeoff distance 408 m 33 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 85 kt. Local weather - Temperature 19 °C. Wind 0 kt at 0 °. Crosswind: 0 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 408 m33 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 85 ktTarget 79 kt
74 % Runway alignment max 10.11 m left10.11 m left to 0.00 m left 3.09 6.56 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.21 g 1.01 1.21 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max 5.4 ° 0.2 5.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.4 1.2 °
Departure Climb 1 99.03Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 22 KCDW Essex County Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.7 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.7 -0.5 °
100 % Average speed 89 kt85 kt min to max 92 kt 85 92 kt
96 % Average bank angle 1.8 °1.1 ° min to max 3.5 ° 1.4 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.91 g min to max 1.29 g 1.24 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 564 fpm406 fpm min to max 652 fpm 406 652 fpm
Info Average altitude 24 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 48 ft agl 1 48 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.6 °5.8 ° min to max 7.8 ° 5.8 7.1 °
Departure Climb 2 99.80Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 22 KCDW Essex County Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.6 °-0.9 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.5 -0.5 °
100 % Average speed 99 kt92 kt min to max 122 kt 92 120 kt
99 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.3 ° 1.3 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.77 g min to max 1.15 g 1.04 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 858 fpm-100 fpm min to max 2,499 fpm 659 2,499 fpm
Info Average altitude 105 ft agl49 ft agl min to max 384 ft agl 49 384 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.9 °1.4 ° min to max 13.9 ° 7.2 13.9 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 103 ft agl · 95 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 155 ft agl · 98 kt
Departure Climb 3 88.97Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 22 KCDW Essex County Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.7 °-1.5 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.5 -1.5 °
100 % Average speed 113 kt110 kt min to max 117 kt 117 110 kt
45 % Average bank angle 13.6 °0.9 ° min to max 23.0 ° 0.9 21.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.93 g min to max 1.04 g 0.96 1.04 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 2,368 fpm1,996 fpm min to max 2,650 fpm 2,650 1,996 fpm
Info Average altitude 634 ft agl473 ft agl min to max 778 ft agl 473 778 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 13.2 °12.0 ° min to max 14.2 ° 14.2 12.0 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north west of Caldwell (New Jersey, United States). Climbing from 987 ft asl to 4,801 ft asl, an increase of 3,813 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 110 kt108 kt min to max 111 kt 110 108 kt
100 % Average bank angle 5.3 °0.1 ° min to max 25.9 ° 17.7 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.94 g min to max 1.12 g 1.02 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 1,761 fpm1,618 fpm min to max 1,952 fpm 1,952 1,689 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,996 ft asl987 ft asl min to max 4,801 ft asl 987 4,801 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 10.7 °9.8 ° min to max 11.6 ° 11.6 9.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead West Orange (New Jersey, United States) and lasted 9 minutes, covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±754 ft of 5,158 ft asl5,071 ft asl min to max 5,178 ft asl 5,071 5,148 ft asl
100 % Average speed 146 kt77 kt min to max 177 kt 110 142 kt
100 % Average bank angle 16.9 °0.0 ° min to max 27.0 ° 0.1 13.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.81 g min to max 1.17 g 0.98 0.81 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-3.0 ° min to max 9.7 ° 9.7 -3.0 °

Events

Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 5,121 ft agl · 85 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 5,155 ft agl · 153 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 5,112 ft agl · 155 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 5,112 ft agl · 155 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Elizabeth (New Jersey, United States). Descent from 5,131 ft asl to 3,818 ft asl, a decrease of 1,313 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 141 kt116 kt min to max 154 kt 144 116 kt
100 % Average bank angle 5.5 °0.1 ° min to max 11.6 ° 10.9 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.79 g min to max 1.26 g 0.79 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -1,072 fpm-1,594 fpm min to max 190 fpm -869 -136 fpm
Info Average altitude 4,292 ft asl3,791 ft asl min to max 5,131 ft asl 5,131 3,818 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.4 °-6.2 ° min to max 1.7 ° -4.7 1.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 3,765 ft agl · 155 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 3,765 ft agl · 155 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 3,696 ft agl · 126 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Irvington (New Jersey, United States) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 10 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±690 ft of 3,562 ft asl3,296 ft asl min to max 3,794 ft asl 3,794 3,532 ft asl
100 % Average speed 116 kt112 kt min to max 132 kt 114 132 kt
100 % Average bank angle 13.6 °0.0 ° min to max 26.8 ° 8.4 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.98 g min to max 1.12 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.8 ° min to max 1.5 ° 1.1 1.3 °

Events

Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 3,290 ft agl · 138 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 3,290 ft agl · 138 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated 3,341 ft agl · 138 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 3,414 ft agl · 141 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3,370 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 3,370 ft agl · 140 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Hoboken (New Jersey, United States). Descent from 3,552 ft asl to 1,988 ft asl, a decrease of 1,564 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 141 kt126 kt min to max 152 kt 132 148 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.89 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -962 fpm-1,378 fpm min to max 114 fpm 114 -1,372 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,863 ft asl1,988 ft asl min to max 3,560 ft asl 3,552 1,988 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.2 °-4.8 ° min to max 1.3 ° 1.3 -4.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 3,557 ft agl · 136 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,057 ft agl · 155 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 2,057 ft agl · 155 kt
Enroute Level 3 80.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Sunnyside (New York, United States) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±598 ft of 1,873 ft asl1,823 ft asl min to max 1,989 ft asl 1,965 1,982 ft asl
0 % Average speed 82 kt54 kt min to max 148 kt 148 75 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 7.9 ° 0.2 7.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.90 g min to max 1.15 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °-4.7 ° min to max 12.3 ° -4.7 3.8 °

Events

Fail Stall Warning Activated 1,812 ft agl · 59 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,805 ft agl · 110 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,755 ft agl · 76 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 1,749 ft agl · 57 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 1,712 ft agl · 69 kt
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Kew Gardens Hills (New York, United States). Descent from 1,984 ft asl to 592 ft asl, a decrease of 1,392 ft in 2 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 82 kt74 kt min to max 88 kt 75 80 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.0 °0.1 ° min to max 22.2 ° 8.1 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.11 g 1.02 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -773 fpm-1,532 fpm min to max 242 fpm 93 -1,044 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,455 ft asl592 ft asl min to max 1,996 ft asl 1,984 592 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.9 °-7.9 ° min to max 4.7 ° 4.0 -3.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 2 94.63Approaching runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 566 ft agl to 346 ft agl. A decrease of 220 ft in 17 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
86 % Approach angle 3.5 °3.3 ° min to max 3.8 °Target 3.0 ° 3.8 3.3 °
100 % Average speed 78 kt75 kt min to max 80 kt 80 75 kt
93 % Heading variation 2.3 °1.6 ° min to max 3.0 ° 3.0 1.6 °
98 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.4 ° min to max 3.6 ° 1.8 2.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.91 g min to max 1.05 g 1.01 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -760 fpm-977 fpm min to max -545 fpm -977 -545 fpm
Info Average altitude 451 ft agl346 ft agl min to max 566 ft agl 566 346 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.0 °-3.6 ° min to max -0.5 ° -3.6 -0.5 °
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-220-165-110-55055110165220Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 92.86Approaching runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 338 ft agl to 37 ft agl. A decrease of 301 ft in 38 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
92 % Approach angle 3.1 °2.3 ° min to max 3.6 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 2.3 °
100 % Average speed 72 kt70 kt min to max 75 kt 75 70 kt
79 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 0.2 °
93 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 5.9 ° 1.8 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.95 g min to max 1.06 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -564 fpm-666 fpm min to max -236 fpm -515 -657 fpm
Info Average altitude 112 ft agl37 ft agl min to max 338 ft agl 338 37 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-1.3 ° min to max 1.3 ° -1.1 -0.4 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-80-60-40-20020406080Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 96.46Landing on runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport, runway length 2,131 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 70 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 70 kt. Target 77 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
88 % Very good landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.07 m left0.07 m left to 0.05 m left 0.07 0.05 m
94 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 4.6 ° 1.0 4.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.94 g min to max 1.13 g 1.00 0.96 g
Info Average speed 65 kt58 kt min to max 70 kt 70 58 kt
Info Average VSI -279 fpm-656 fpm min to max 44 fpm -656 -146 fpm
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl4 ft agl min to max 38 ft agl 38 4 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.0 °-0.4 ° min to max 6.6 ° -0.4 4.5 °
07515022530037501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 96.54Touchdown distance was good at 317 m. Touchdown speed at 58 kt was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -146 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 5.5 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 24 °C. Wind 3 kt at 59 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Tailwind: 1 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
98 % Touchdown rate was -146 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 318 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 58 ktTarget below 79 kt
91 % Runway alignment max 5.50 m left5.45 m left 5.50 5.37 m
67 % Average bank angle 3.0 °0.1 ° min to max 4.8 ° 4.6 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.11 g0.96 g min to max 1.28 g 0.96 1.10 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 58 kt58 kt min to max 58 kt 58 58 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °1.6 ° min to max 4.5 ° 4.5 1.6 °
Arrival Rollout 96.23Total landing distance 664 m, 31 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 664 m31 % of runway.
92 % Runway alignment max 5.35 m left5.35 m left to 0.00 m left 5.35 3.67 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.10 g 1.10 0.99 g
Info Average speed 50 kt30 kt min to max 60 kt 60 30 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °-1.1 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.4 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.2 0.1 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 4 ft agl · 31 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 22 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 24 kt19 kt min to max 30 kt 30 19 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.2 0.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.4 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 90.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 15 kt7 kt min to max 19 kt 19 7 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 14 ktmax 17 kt 0 7 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.6 -0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.4 0.5 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Taxi Lights

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 84 kt with 3.9° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

150 kt10050020°10°0°LIFTOFF3.9° off7° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 39 kt 0.2° 0 s
Liftoff397 m · target 79 84 kt 3.9° 12 s
35 ft568 m · 3.7 s after liftoff 91 kt 6.6° 15.7 s
End of Climb 32,388 m · 778 ft 110 kt 12.0° 48.3 s

Takeoff from KCDW 22

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
510m41 %
Liftoff speed100.00
84kttarget 79, 5 fast
Runway alignment74.26
10.11m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.03
563fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 778 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 563 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,290 fpm on average to 778 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 84 ktSCALE CHANGES1.3 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,234 m runway.

Rolled from 102 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 10 m at the widest, and lifted off 6.8 m left. Airborne 40 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 10.13 m LROLL 102 M INAirborne 500 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 500 m of 1,234 m · 41 %
Behind the start of the roll, 102 mTakeoff roll, 397 m Left ahead, 734 m

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: six checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Six checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

At the 500 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.

When the approach was stable

Never every check met at once: left of the centreline all the way, high until 1.9 nm and sinking too fast until 1.6 nm.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Sink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KLGA 31

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 2.4 nm, where the final began, to 1.9 nm (up to 690 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,183426246500 ft gate5 of 6on centreline778 ft · 82 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 920 m left of the centreline at 2.4 nm.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND552 m L112 m L17 m L285 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 36 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 22 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between −2 kt and +13 kt on the approach speed of 72 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 72+11 kt+5 kt+3 kt−2 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KLGA 31

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
38ft
Threshold speed100.00
70kttarget 72, 2 slow
Centreline offset100.00
0.07m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
318m
Centreline91.08
5.50m L
Speed100.00
58kttarget 70 or less
Touchdown rate98.19
-253fpm
Impact100.00
1.28G
BouncesOk
None
The flare88.33

Very good landing flare

The crosswind

Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, 5° of bank.

Wind 059° at 3 kt · 1 kt tail · 2 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 61 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 21 s, an average deceleration of 0.08 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 17 m30 kt · 394 mtouchdown410 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 38 ft, 12 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 318 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

38 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −253 fpm · 4.5° nose up · 58 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 38 ft, down at 318 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 710 fpm at 37 ft to 250 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.8° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−253 fpm at touchdown4.5° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,131 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 5.4 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 5.5 m left at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 318 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 318 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 647 m of 2,131 m · 30 %
In the air over the runway, 318 mRollout, 329 m Left over, 1,484 m
Rollout distance100.00
329m30 % used
Rollout alignment91.61
5.35m L

The rest of the report

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Flight narrative

The flight began with the Pesim FPV Drone Racer taxiing from the parking area to the runway at KCDW Essex County Airport, a process that took 5 minutes and covered less than 1 nautical mile. The drone then departed from runway 22, with a takeoff distance of 408 meters, which accounted for 33% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 85 knots.

The local weather conditions at the time of takeoff were favorable, with a temperature of 19 degrees Celsius and no wind. The drone then began its enroute climb, starting 1 mile northwest of Caldwell, New Jersey. The climb took 2 minutes and covered 4 nautical miles, with the drone rising from 987 feet above sea level to 4,801 feet. This marked the beginning of the drone's ascent to its cruising altitude.

The enroute level cruise started overhead West Orange, New Jersey, and lasted for 9 minutes, covering 8 nautical miles. The drone then began its descent, starting overhead Elizabeth, New Jersey, and descending from 5,131 feet to 3,818 feet in 2 minutes, covering 4 nautical miles. This pattern of level cruise and descent continued as the drone flew over various locations, including Irvington, Hoboken, Sunnyside, and Kew Gardens Hills.

The final approach to runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport was made from the southeast, with the drone heading 310.0 degrees at 1 nautical mile and 566 feet above ground level. The landing was successful, with the drone touching down on the runway at a speed of 58 knots and a distance of 316 meters. The touchdown rate was smooth at -146 feet per minute, and the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 5.5 meters from the centerline.

The local weather conditions at the time of landing were slightly different, with a temperature of 24 degrees Celsius and a wind of 3 knots at 59 degrees. The crosswind was 3 knots, and there was a tailwind of 1 knot. The total landing distance was 664 meters, which accounted for 31% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was very good, and the drone was able to taxi to the parking area in less than 1 minute, covering less than 1 nautical mile.

In total, the flight distance was 39 nautical miles, and the flight time was 31 minutes. The drone used 10 kilograms of fuel during the flight.

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