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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Make small rudder corrections against a fixed point at the far end of the runway to hold the centreline during the roll.
What happened: The aircraft drifted 34 m off the runway centreline during the ground roll, and wing drift like that usually keeps reappearing as bank in the climb, with 5.5° of bank in the first climb segment and 6.9° still showing in the second.
Watch for: Heading indicator: steady on the runway centreline during the roll, then wings level through the climb.
Arrival
Reduce power earlier on final to bring the speed back to 72 kt well before the gate.
What happened: This flight was 87 kt fast at the stabilisation gate, and excess speed like this usually rides down the approach to cross the threshold still fast, as it did here at 89 kt against 72 kt.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 72 kt at the gate, 72 kt at the threshold
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 11 stages, 9 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 73 kt with 9.8° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 261 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft 120 m past the runway end; then climbing at 590 fpm on average to 261 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 753 m runway.
Rolled from 99 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 34 m at the widest, and lifted off 32 m left. Airborne 63 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 300 ft gate: sink rate more than 600 fpm beyond what the glideslope needed, glideslope more than 2° off the runway's 3.5° and speed more than 17 kt above the approach speed of 72 kt.
Still turning onto final at the lower gate, so the centreline and wings level are not asked there - the aeroplane was not lined up yet, and was banked because it was turning. The other checks are marked as usual.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: left of the centreline all the way, fast all the way, high until 0.6 nm, banked until 0.5 nm and sinking too fast until 0.3 nm.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3.5° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
High from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to 0.6 nm (up to 440 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3.5° here, which is about 370 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 60 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 5× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 58 m left of the centreline at 0.9 nm.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 36 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 22 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to +87 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Perfect landing flare
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 190° at 2 kt · 0 kt head · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 79 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 20 s, an average deceleration of 0.13 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 31 ft, 124 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 13 ft, 37 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 228 m in, 77 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 480 fpm at the flare to 60 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.7° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,586 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 2 m left of the centreline and drifted to 8.4 m left on the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 228 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The CT210N departed from runway 25L at LZTT Poprad-Tatry Airport. Takeoff used 495 m, which is 66 % of the runway, and liftoff occurred at 73 kt. Local weather at departure was temperature 6 °C, wind 2 kt from 189°, giving a 2 kt crosswind and a 1 kt headwind.
During the initial climb the aircraft rose to 400 ft agl in 25 seconds, averaging 632 fpm and reaching 111 kt at the top of the climb. Afterward it levelled at 3 000 ft asl for about 2 minutes, covering 6 nm and passing overhead Svit.
On final approach to runway 27 at LZTT Poprad-Tatry Airport the descent was from 473 ft agl to -274 ft agl in 24 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were: gear down - met, landing flap - met; sink rate - not met, on glideslope - not met, on speed - not met.
The aircraft touched down on runway 27. The threshold speed was 90 kt, which was noted as too high. The flare was described as perfect. Touchdown occurred 227 m down the runway at 78 kt, with a descent rate of minus 63 fpm. The touchdown point was slightly off centreline by 3.4 m. No bounce was observed. Total landing distance was 778 m, representing 30 % of the runway, and the rollout ended 14.1 m off centreline.
Local weather at landing was temperature 6 °C, wind 2 kt from 190°, giving a 2 kt crosswind and no headwind. The entire flight covered 9 nm in 6 minutes and consumed 2 kg of fuel.
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