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The flight in the Cessna Skyhawk took place in Toscana, Italy. The enroute climb started 2 miles southwest of Marina di Campo. The aircraft climbed from 157 feet above sea level to 1,661 feet above sea level, an increase of 1,504 feet. The climb took 4 minutes and covered a distance of 5 nautical miles.
Following the climb, the enroute descent began 1 mile northeast of Campo nell'Elba. The aircraft descended from 1,652 feet above sea level to 185 feet above sea level, a decrease of 1,467 feet. The descent took 2 minutes and covered a distance of 1 nautical mile.
The landing took place on runway 16 at LIRJ Marina Di Campo Airport. The runway length was 952 meters and the height at the threshold was 84 feet above ground level. The speed at the threshold was 92 knots. The touchdown occurred 467 meters from the threshold, with a touchdown speed of 72 knots and a vertical speed indicator reading of -316 feet per minute.
The local weather conditions at the time of landing were as follows: Temperature 14 °C, Wind speed 20 knots from 283°. The crosswind component was 17 knots and there was a tailwind of 10 knots.
Overall, the total flight distance covered was 7 nautical miles, with a total flight time of 8 minutes. The flight consumed 4 kilograms of fuel.
Replay this flight in 3D — the full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from 2 miles south west of Marina di Campo (Toscana, Italy).
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 0 % |
Heading variation 104.9 ° 104.9 ° min to max 104.9 ° |
104.9 | 104.9 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 61 kn 42 kn min to max 71 kn |
42 | 71 kn | |
| 91.58 % |
Average bank angle 1.8 ° 0.0 ° min to max 5.2 ° |
0.4 | 3.4 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.90 g min to max 1.13 g |
1.08 | 1.01 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 404 ft/m 310 ft/m min to max 474 ft/m |
310 | 370 ft/m | |
| Info |
Average altitude 9 ft agl 0 ft agl min to max 44 ft agl |
0 | 44 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 3.7 ° 1.3 ° min to max 7.1 ° |
3.4 | 5.5 ° | |
| Info |
Battery Master On at 11:17:31 |
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| Info |
Engine 1 Started at 11:17:31 |
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| Info |
Beacon Lights Switched On at 11:17:31 |
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| Info |
Landing Lights Switched On at 11:17:31 |
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| Info |
Navigation Lights Switched On at 11:17:31 |
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| Info |
Strobe Lights Switched On at 11:17:31 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 11:17:31 |
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 2 miles south west of Marina di Campo (Toscana, Italy).
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 0 % |
Heading variation 104.9 ° 104.9 ° min to max 104.9 ° |
104.9 | 104.9 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 70 kn 67 kn min to max 74 kn |
71 | 74 kn | |
| 82.32 % |
Average bank angle 5.3 ° 0.1 ° min to max 8.7 ° |
3.3 | 7.7 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.96 g min to max 1.12 g |
1.00 | 0.98 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 415 ft/m 358 ft/m min to max 722 ft/m |
371 | 717 ft/m | |
| Info |
Average altitude 71 ft agl 45 ft agl min to max 141 ft agl |
45 | 141 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 6.0 ° 5.1 ° min to max 7.6 ° |
5.5 | 6.9 ° | |
| Info |
Flaps Fully Retracted at 11:17:58 |
Enroute climb started 2 miles south west of Marina di Campo (Toscana, Italy). Climbing from 157 ft asl to 1,661 ft asl, an increase of 1,504 ft in 4 minutes and covering 5 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 92 kn 68 kn min to max 109 kn |
73 | 96 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 7.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 24.8 ° |
8.4 | 6.7 ° | |
| 99.71 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.49 g min to max 1.17 g |
0.94 | 0.95 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 426 ft/m -423 ft/m min to max 1,193 ft/m |
664 | -123 ft/m | |
| Info |
Average altitude 926 ft asl 157 ft asl min to max 1,668 ft asl |
157 | 1,661 ft asl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 3.2 ° -4.7 ° min to max 7.8 ° |
6.3 | -2.8 ° | |
| Info |
Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0 |
0 | 0 |
Enroute descent started 1 mile north east of Campo nell'Elba (Toscana, Italy). Descent from 1,652 ft asl to 185 ft asl, a decrease of 1,467 ft in 2 minutes and covering 1 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 99 kn 86 kn min to max 114 kn |
97 | 91 kn | |
| 87.58 % |
Average bank angle 6.5 ° 0.0 ° min to max 46.2 ° |
4.8 | 5.4 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.08 g 0.75 g min to max 1.35 g |
1.07 | 0.91 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -593 ft/m -2,796 ft/m min to max 1,038 ft/m |
-390 | 936 ft/m | |
| Info |
Average altitude 880 ft asl 97 ft asl min to max 1,875 ft asl |
1,652 | 185 ft asl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -2.3 ° -14.1 ° min to max 6.2 ° |
-2.9 | 4.7 ° | |
| Info |
Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0 |
0 | 0 | |
| Info |
Landing Gear Down at 11:22:15 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 11:23:21 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 11:23:33 |
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| Info |
Flaps Fully Retracted at 11:23:34 |
Arrival started 1 mile north east of Campo nell'Elba (Toscana, Italy).
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 88 kn 87 kn min to max 90 kn |
87 | 88 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 3.2 ° 0.4 ° min to max 7.6 ° |
2.0 | 7.6 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 0.82 g 0.76 g min to max 0.92 g |
0.78 | 0.76 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 477 ft/m 178 ft/m min to max 776 ft/m |
776 | 178 ft/m | |
| Info |
Average altitude 205 ft asl 196 ft asl min to max 211 ft asl |
196 | 211 ft asl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 1.1 ° -0.7 ° min to max 1.9 ° |
1.9 | -0.7 ° | |
| Info |
Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0 |
0 | 0 |
Approaching runway 16 at LIRJ Marina Di Campo Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 188 ft agl to 107 ft agl. A decrease of 82 ft in 138 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 0 % |
Approach angle 9.2 ° 4.2 ° min to max 14.7 ° Target 3.0 ° |
7.2 | 5.8 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 83 kn 66 kn min to max 96 kn |
91 | 89 kn | |
| 0 % |
Heading variation 66.7 ° -1.0 ° min to max 177.1 ° |
16.5 | -0.4 ° | |
| 0 % |
Average bank angle 13.4 ° 0.2 ° min to max 43.8 ° |
6.9 | 6.8 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.05 g 0.68 g min to max 1.43 g |
0.90 | 1.11 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -47 ft/m -2,248 ft/m min to max 1,273 ft/m |
-36 | -1,754 ft/m | |
| Info |
Average altitude 609 ft agl 107 ft agl min to max 882 ft agl |
188 | 107 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 1.0 ° -13.0 ° min to max 10.7 ° |
-0.7 | -9.5 ° | |
| Info |
Parking Brake On at 11:25:09 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake Off at 11:25:11 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 11:25:23 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 11:25:52 |
Landing on runway 16 at LIRJ Marina Di Campo Airport, runway length 952 m. Threshold height at 84 ft agl was significantly above target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 92 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 11.99 % |
Threshold speed was excessively high at 92 kn. Target 63 kn |
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| 36.47 % |
Target 50 ft agl |
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| 0 % |
Landing and flare profile |
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| 73.2 % |
Heading variation 0.8 ° 0.1 ° min to max 1.2 ° |
0.1 | 0.7 ° | |
| 64.41 % |
Average bank angle 7.4 ° 0.0 ° min to max 16.4 ° |
9.8 | 0.0 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.07 g 0.85 g min to max 1.25 g |
1.15 | 1.03 g | |
| Info |
Average speed 82 kn 72 kn min to max 92 kn |
92 | 72 kn | |
| Info |
Average VSI -636 ft/m -1,616 ft/m min to max -276 ft/m |
-1,616 | -316 ft/m | |
| Info |
Average altitude 31 ft agl 2 ft agl min to max 84 ft agl |
84 | 2 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -1.8 ° -7.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° |
-7.1 | 0.7 ° |
Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 72 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was firm at -316 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 7.4 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 14 °C. Wind 20 kn at 283 °. Crosswind: 17 kn Tailwind: 10 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 92.57 % |
Touchdown VSI was -316 ft/m. |
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| 100 % |
Touchdown distance was 467 m Target 457 m |
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| 35.98 % |
Speed at touchdown 72 kn Target 53 kn |
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| 84 % |
Runway alignment max 7.44 m 6.66 m left |
6.03 | 7.44 m | |
| 82.06 % |
Average bank angle 2.9 ° 0.0 ° min to max 4.8 ° |
0.0 | 4.3 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.07 g 0.90 g min to max 1.44 g |
1.03 | 1.03 g | |
| 80 % |
Landing Bounce |
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| Info |
Average speed 70 kn 68 kn min to max 73 kn |
72 | 69 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.0 ° 0.7 ° min to max 3.4 ° |
0.7 | 2.0 ° |
Let's break down the areas where improvement is needed in the aircraft landing score.
In the Approach Phase, the descent path above the glideslope limit indicates that the aircraft was descending too steeply or too shallowly, leading to a poor approach angle. This can make it difficult to line up with the runway and could potentially be dangerous if not corrected. Additionally, poor heading alignment indicates that the aircraft was not properly aligned with the runway, which can also make for a challenging landing. Excessively high speed during the approach can be dangerous and make it difficult to control the aircraft during landing.
Moving on to the Landing Phase, a threshold height significantly above the target suggests that the aircraft was too high when approaching the runway, which can lead to a hard landing or even a missed approach. A very poor landing flare means that the pilot did not properly round out and level off the aircraft just before touchdown, which can result in a hard landing and potentially damage the aircraft. Poor landing heading and bank angle stability during landing can indicate that the pilot had difficulty maintaining proper alignment and control of the aircraft.
In the Touchdown Phase, a hard touchdown rate and excessively high speed can be dangerous and put stress on the aircraft structure. Touching down very long on the runway indicates that the aircraft used more runway than necessary to land, potentially causing delays for other aircraft or even overshooting the runway in extreme cases. Additionally, landing 7.4 meters off the centerline means that the aircraft did not touch down in the designated landing zone, which can be hazardous. Landing with a tailwind of 10 knots is a risky maneuver as it can affect the aircraft's airspeed and groundspeed, making it more challenging to control the aircraft during landing.
Overall, focusing on improving descent path, heading alignment, airspeed control, flare technique, touchdown rate, landing position, and avoiding tailwind landings can help to significantly improve the aircraft landing score. Practice and attention to detail in these areas can lead to safer and smoother landings in the future. Remember, every landing is an opportunity to learn and grow as a pilot. Keep up the good work and continue striving for excellence in your flying skills.
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