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KFRG
Farmingdale, United States
Runway 32
Elevation75 ft asl
Weight997 kg
Fuel76 kg
Wind290° · 21 kn · 8 kn cross

Flight Score

89.28 %
KJFK
New York, United States
Runway 31R
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight991 kg
Fuel69 kg
Wind300° · 17 kn
28 Nov 2023 0:27 19 nm Cessna Skyhawk 7 kg
Departure Score
94.02 %
Enroute Score
99.34 %
Arrival Score
74.48 %

What went well

Touched down at -142 fpm — a soft arrival
Rollout controlled — 33 % of the runway used
Airborne in 355 m — 19 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — at 0 %, Landing and flare profile at 0 %, −3.35 points
Arrival Taxi — landing lights on should be off, then taxi light off should be on; peak speed in a turn 28 kt at 0 %, peak taxi speed 28 kt at 80 %, −3.20 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 807 m at 62 %, Runway alignment max 7.70 m at 79 %, −0.76 points

Top opportunity

Work on the flare

Arrival Landing

Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 17 stages, 16 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 0 kn0 kn min to max 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.00 g 0.97 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-15.6 ° min to max 2.8 ° -15.6 2.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.1 °

Events

Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Departure Roll 89.21Departure roll runway 32 at KFRG Republic. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 73 kn. Local weather - Temperature 1 °C. Wind 21 kn at 290 °. Crosswind: 8 kn Headwind: 19 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
73 % Liftoff speed was 73 knTarget 62 kn
73 % Runway alignment max 9.26 m9.26 m left to 0.00 m left 0.51 9.25 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.04 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °0.9 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.5 1.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.1 1.1 °

Events

Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Departure Climb 1 98.24Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 32 KFRG Republic.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Heading variation -1.1 °-1.5 ° min to max -0.6 ° -1.5 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 77 kn73 kn min to max 80 kn 73 74 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.7 °1.1 ° min to max 2.6 ° 1.1 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.10 g0.98 g min to max 1.18 g 1.04 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 683 ft/m375 ft/m min to max 872 ft/m 375 872 ft/m
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 46 ft agl 0 46 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.1 °1.6 ° min to max 8.9 ° 1.6 8.9 °
Departure Climb 2 88.72Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 32 KFRG Republic.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
70 % Heading variation -0.8 °-4.4 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.6 -4.4 °
100 % Average speed 86 kn71 kn min to max 118 kn 74 115 kn
85 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 7.6 ° 1.2 4.5 °
99 % Average g force 1.03 g0.77 g min to max 1.27 g 0.99 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 771 ft/m-116 ft/m min to max 1,521 ft/m 877 876 ft/m
Info Average altitude 152 ft agl40 ft agl min to max 390 ft agl 40 390 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.5 °-0.2 ° min to max 13.8 ° 8.9 4.7 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 101 ft agl · 82 kt
Departure Climb 3 93.91Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 32 KFRG Republic.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
81 % Heading variation -5.0 °-5.2 ° min to max -4.9 ° -4.9 -5.2 °
100 % Average speed 115 kn112 kn min to max 118 kn 118 112 kn
89 % Average bank angle 4.9 °3.6 ° min to max 6.3 ° 3.6 6.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.13 g1.03 g min to max 1.24 g 1.24 1.03 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,018 ft/m965 ft/m min to max 1,058 ft/m 965 1,058 ft/m
Info Average altitude 431 ft agl413 ft agl min to max 449 ft agl 413 449 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.3 °5.0 ° min to max 5.6 ° 5.0 5.4 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead East Farmingdale (Suffolk County, New York, United States). Climbing from 535 ft asl to 924 ft asl, an increase of 389 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 113 kn110 kn min to max 115 kn 115 114 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.9 °1.3 ° min to max 12.8 ° 7.2 2.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.92 g min to max 1.08 g 1.08 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 777 ft/m535 ft/m min to max 1,142 ft/m 1,058 706 ft/m
Info Average altitude 751 ft asl535 ft asl min to max 924 ft asl 535 924 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °2.9 ° min to max 5.8 ° 5.7 3.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Farmingdale (Nassau County, New York, United States) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,122 ft asl937 ft asl min to max 1,225 ft asl 937 1,225 ft asl
100 % Average speed 111 kn105 kn min to max 116 kn 114 113 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.3 °0.0 ° min to max 5.7 ° 1.6 5.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.88 g min to max 1.13 g 0.99 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °-1.2 ° min to max 6.0 ° 4.2 0.9 °
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Plainedge (Nassau County, New York, United States). Climbing from 1,228 ft asl to 1,397 ft asl, an increase of 168 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 112 kn110 kn min to max 114 kn 114 113 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 4.1 3.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.06 g 1.06 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 331 ft/m112 ft/m min to max 558 ft/m 112 278 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,323 ft asl1,228 ft asl min to max 1,397 ft asl 1,228 1,397 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °1.1 ° min to max 3.4 ° 1.3 1.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 97.55Enroute level cruise started overhead Plainedge (Nassau County, New York, United States) and lasted 8 minutes, covering 10 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
92 % Average altitude 1,950 ft asl1,402 ft asl min to max 2,587 ft asl 1,402 2,370 ft asl
100 % Average speed 112 kn101 kn min to max 125 kn 113 108 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.0 °0.1 ° min to max 25.8 ° 4.2 3.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.17 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °-7.2 ° min to max 5.0 ° 1.9 -7.2 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Harbor Isle (Nassau County, New York, United States). Descent from 2,170 ft asl to 598 ft asl, a decrease of 1,573 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 100 kn87 kn min to max 114 kn 114 87 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.0 °0.2 ° min to max 6.4 ° 0.8 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.87 g min to max 1.17 g 1.05 0.88 g
Info Average VSI -757 ft/m-1,398 ft/m min to max -106 ft/m -759 -276 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,162 ft asl598 ft asl min to max 2,170 ft asl 2,170 598 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.2 °-6.7 ° min to max 1.0 ° -2.6 -1.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 3 98.46Enroute level cruise started overhead Cedarhurst (Nassau County, New York, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 392 ft asl242 ft asl min to max 592 ft asl 592 242 ft asl
100 % Average speed 70 kn58 kn min to max 93 kn 88 65 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.3 °0.0 ° min to max 7.3 ° 2.7 3.7 °
85 % Average g force 1.00 g0.69 g min to max 1.52 g 1.07 0.97 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-3.5 ° min to max 12.4 ° -0.5 0.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 536 ft agl · 87 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 450 ft agl · 79 kt
Arrival Final 1 91.83Approaching runway 31R at KJFK Kennedy Intl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 228 ft agl to 157 ft agl. A decrease of 71 ft in 10 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
59 % Approach angle 7.6 °6.8 ° min to max 8.3 °Target 3.0 ° 6.8 8.3 °
100 % Average speed 63 kn60 kn min to max 66 kn 64 62 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.2 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.3 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.93 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.96 g
Info Average VSI -391 ft/m-605 ft/m min to max -215 ft/m -215 -605 ft/m
Info Average altitude 196 ft agl157 ft agl min to max 228 ft agl 228 157 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-3.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 -3.2 °
00.250.50.751050100150200Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 49.71Landing on runway 31R at KJFK Kennedy Intl, runway length 2,454 m. Threshold height at 138 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was good at 64 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 64 kn. Target 63 kn
0 % Target 50 ft agl
0 % Landing and flare profile
97 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.3 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.9 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.87 g min to max 1.18 g 0.99 0.96 g
Info Average speed 56 kn39 kn min to max 69 kn 64 39 kn
Info Average VSI -208 ft/m-692 ft/m min to max 58 ft/m -692 -139 ft/m
Info Average altitude 36 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 138 ft agl 138 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °-3.3 ° min to max 7.8 ° -3.3 5.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 96 ft agl · 70 kt
0751502253003754505256006757508259009750285583110138Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525600675750825900975-25-20-15-10-50510152025Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 88.61Touchdown point was 359 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 39 kn was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -139 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 7.7 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 1 °C. Wind 17 kn at 300 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 17 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
91 % Touchdown VSI was -139 ft/m.
62 % Touchdown distance was 807 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 39 knTarget 53 kn
79 % Runway alignment max 7.70 m7.63 m left 7.56 7.70 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.0 °
99 % Average g force 1.13 g0.96 g min to max 1.26 g 0.96 1.08 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 38 kn38 kn min to max 39 kn 39 38 kn
Info Average pitch angle 4.2 °3.2 ° min to max 5.4 ° 5.4 3.2 °
Arrival Rollout 90.24Total landing distance 829 m, 34 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 7.8 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 829 m34 % of runway.
78 % Runway alignment max 7.81 m7.81 m left to 0.00 m left 7.70 7.81 m
100 % Average g force 1.03 g1.01 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 1.01 g
Info Average speed 30 kn30 kn min to max 31 kn 31 30 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °3.2 ° min to max 3.3 ° 3.2 3.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 26 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 19 kn0 kn min to max 30 kn 30 13 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °1.8 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.1 2.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 34 kt
Arrival Taxi 52.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 11 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
80 % Average speed 16 kn0 kn min to max 28 kn 14 0 kn
0 % Average speed turning corners 19 knmax 28 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °1.7 ° min to max 3.9 ° 2.5 2.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.3 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights ON should be OFF
Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Info Runway Surface Conditions 3 ft agl · 4 kt

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll355 m · 19 %
72.76Liftoff speed72 kt
73.27Runway alignment9.26 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
98.24Rate of climb683 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

0.00Threshold height137 ft
100.00Threshold speed63 kt
97.14Centreline offset0.09 m L

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on KJFK 31R

Past threshold61.16
812m
Centreline78.67
7.70m L
Speed100.00
38kt
Touchdown rate90.65
-142fpm
Impact99.43
1.26G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

137 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 137 ft, down at 812 m

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,454 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 812 m past threshold CLEARED

Touched down 812 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 825 m of 2,454 m · 34 %
Rollout distance100.00
12m33 % used
Rollout alignment78.31
7.81m L

The rest of the report

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Flight map
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Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 32 at KFRG Republic in the Cessna Skyhawk
94.02 %
100 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
0 %
Switched Off
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 2.5 2
89.21 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 32 at KFRG Republic. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 73 kn. Local weather - Temperature 1 °C. Wind 21 kn at 290 °. Crosswind: 8 kn Headwind: 19 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 0 m using 0 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
72.76 %
Liftoff speed was 73 kn - Target 62 kn
Alignment
73.27 %
9.26 m left to 0.00 m left
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
0 %
Switched Off
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
80 40 0
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
3 1.5 0
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,750-25-20-15-10-50510152025 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
98.24 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 32 KFRG Republic.
Alignment
94.67 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 80 70
Bank °
98.29 %
3 2 1
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 5 1
Climb Rate fpm
Info
900 400 -100
88.72 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 32 KFRG Republic.
Alignment
70 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
120 95 70
Bank °
85.34 %
8 4 0
G
98.86 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
14 7 0
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,600 700 -200
93.91 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 32 KFRG Republic.
Alignment
80.83 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
120 115 110
Bank °
88.71 %
7 5 3
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
6 5 4
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,100 950 800
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,750063126189252315 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250100200300400 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.25-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 31R at KJFK Kennedy Intl in the Cessna Skyhawk
Landing Score 80.1 %
91.83 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 31R at KJFK Kennedy Intl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 228 ft agl to 157 ft agl. A decrease of 71 ft in 10 seconds.
Glideslope
59.17 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
59.17 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
67 63 60
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
100 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-215 -457 -700
00.250.50.751050100150200 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
49.71 %
Landing
Landing on runway 31R at KJFK Kennedy Intl, runway length 2,454 m. Threshold height at 138 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was good at 64 kn.
Height
0 %
Threshold height at 138 ft agl was excessively over target. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was good at 64 kt. Target 63 kt
Flare
0 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
97.14 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
69 49 30
Pitch °
Info
8 2.5 -3
Descent Rate fpm
Info
58 -321 -700
0751502253003754505256006757508259009750285583110138 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300375450525600675750825900975-25-20-15-10-50510152025 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
88.61 %
Touchdown
Touchdown point was 359 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 39 kn was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -139 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 7.7 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 1 °C. Wind 17 kn at 300 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 17 kn.
Touchdown
90.65 %
Touchdown rate was smooth at -142 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 39 kt was good. Target below 50 kn
Distance
61.73 %
Touchdown point was 359 m beyond the touchdown zone.
Alignment
78.67 %
Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 7.7 m from centreline.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.1 °
G
99.43 %
G 1.13 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
90.24 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 829 m, 34 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 7.8 m from centreline.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 829 m using 33.77 % of runway
Alignment
78.31 %
Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 7.8 m from centreline.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
38 34 30
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
4 3.5 3
0200400600800 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
52 %
Taxi
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 11 minutes and covered 1 nm.
Landing Lights
Switched On
Taxi Lights
Switched Off
Ground Speed kt
80 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
0 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
4 2.5 1
Metrics
Metrics

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