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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Avoid steep turns at low altitude
Below a thousand feet the aeroplane is slow, heavy and close to the ground. A steep turn loses lift, raises the stall speed and flattens the climb just when the gradient matters most. A normal turn on course is a rate one — fifteen degrees or so, twenty-five at the outside, this penalty is to acknowledge when a turn has stopped being a turn and become a manoeuvre.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 14 stages, 12 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 71 kt with 2.7° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 559 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft with 372 m of runway left; then climbing at 870 fpm on average to 559 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 904 m runway.
Rolled from 32 m in, never more than 1.4 m off the centreline. Airborne 45 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3.1° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 0.8 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 220 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3.1° here, which is about 330 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 355 m left of the centreline at 0.8 nm, then inside the band from 0.3 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.
Wind 150° at 4 kt · 4 kt head · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 48 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 15 s, an average deceleration of 0.08 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,317 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 55 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 586 m in, 281 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,317 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 480 fpm at 56 ft to 50 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.8° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 1,317 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 1.6 m of it down the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 586 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight began with the aircraft, an Icon A5, taxiing from the parking area to the runway at Jacarepaguá - Roberto Marinho Airport, which took approximately 1 minute and covered less than 1 nautical mile. The departure roll took place on runway 03, and the takeoff distance was 385 meters, which accounted for 43% of the runway. The aircraft lifted off at a speed of 72 knots.
As the aircraft climbed, it encountered local weather conditions with a temperature of 23°C and winds of 4 knots at 161 degrees. The crosswind was minimal at 1 knot, while the tailwind was 4 knots. The enroute climb started overhead Jacarepaguá - Roberto Marinho Airport, where the aircraft climbed from an altitude of 589 feet above sea level to 1,632 feet, an increase of 1,043 feet in 2 minutes, covering a distance of 2 nautical miles.
The enroute level cruise began overhead the same airport and lasted for 11 minutes, covering a distance of 12 nautical miles. The final approach to runway 20L at Santos Dumont Airport was made from the north, heading 176.0 degrees at an altitude of 178 feet above ground level.
The landing took place on runway 20L, which had a length of 1,317 meters. The threshold height was slightly above the target at 56 feet above ground level, and the threshold speed was also slightly above target at 65 knots. The touchdown point was 141 meters beyond the touchdown zone, and the touchdown speed was a little fast at 50 knots. However, the touchdown rate was perfect at -49 feet per minute, and the runway touchdown alignment was also perfect.
The local weather conditions during the landing were a temperature of 22°C and winds of 4 knots at 150 degrees, with a crosswind of 2 knots and a headwind of 4 knots. The total landing distance was 892 meters, which accounted for 68% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was perfect, and the aircraft taxied to the parking area from the runway in approximately 1 minute, covering less than 1 nautical mile.
In total, the flight covered a distance of 15 nautical miles, took 18 minutes, and used 2 kilograms of fuel.
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