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KSFZ
Pawtucket, United States
Runway 23
Elevation417 ft asl
Weight6,794 lbs
Fuel1,625 lbs
Wind190° · 5 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

97.26 %
KLNN
Willoughby, United States
Runway 28
Elevation623 ft asl
Weight5,789 lbs
Fuel599 lbs
Wind310° · 6 kn · 4 kn cross
17 Jul 2024 2:11 443 nm Black Square Turbine Duke N323N 1,026 lbs
Departure Score
94.77 %
Enroute Score
99.95 %
Arrival Score
96.87 %

What went well

Touched down at -108 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 1,418 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 12 ft and 107 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Climb 2 — bounce on liftoff; bank angle up to 25.3 ° at 39 %, Heading variation 0.9 ° at 82 %, −1.66 points
Arrival Final 1 — bank angle up to 10.7 ° at 80 %, −0.34 points
Arrival Taxi — taxi lights, −0.33 points

Next time

Smooth the climb

See Departure Climb 2

A good takeoff has a defined shape. It also has a defined end. For an airliner that's thrust reduction and acceleration, commonly somewhere around 1,000 to 1,500 ft above the airfield depending on the operator, while for a light aircraft it's established at Vy with the flaps on schedule. Most simmers have no defined end to their takeoff, which is exactly why it never gets judged.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 15 stages, 12 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 4 kn0 kn min to max 11 kn 0 11 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 10 knmax 11 kn 0 11 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °2.2 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.6 2.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.2 0.7 °

Events

Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Stopped 3 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 23 at KSFZ North Central State, Average speed was 4 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 15 kn4 kn min to max 28 kn 10 6 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °2.3 ° min to max 3.7 ° 3.0 2.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.5 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 23 at KSFZ North Central State. Takeoff distance 2,313 ft 46 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 92 kn. Local weather - Temperature 86 °F. Wind 5 kn at 189 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 5 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 2,313 ft46 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 92 knTarget 93 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 5.8 ft0.0 ft left to 5.8 ft right -5.8 -1.0 ft
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.95 g min to max 1.12 g 1.00 1.12 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °2.9 ° min to max 7.6 ° 3.8 7.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° 0.1 2.1 °
Departure Climb 1 98.95Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 23 KSFZ North Central State.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.0 0.6 °
100 % Average speed 99 kn92 kn min to max 104 kn 92 104 kn
96 % Average bank angle 2.2 °0.7 ° min to max 3.6 ° 2.5 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.94 g min to max 1.24 g 1.16 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 607 ft/m467 ft/m min to max 646 ft/m 467 646 ft/m
Info Average altitude 23 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 47 ft agl 0 47 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.6 °8.0 ° min to max 9.7 ° 8.1 8.0 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 35 ft agl · 109 kt
Departure Climb 2 80.13Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 23 KSFZ North Central State.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
82 % Heading variation 0.9 °0.6 ° min to max 3.4 ° 0.6 3.4 °
100 % Average speed 111 kn104 kn min to max 118 kn 104 118 kn
39 % Average bank angle 3.0 °1.2 ° min to max 25.3 ° 1.6 25.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.92 g min to max 1.19 g 0.98 1.11 g
Info Average VSI 865 ft/m609 ft/m min to max 3,069 ft/m 647 3,069 ft/m
Info Average altitude 87 ft agl48 ft agl min to max 381 ft agl 48 381 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.3 °7.0 ° min to max 19.4 ° 7.9 19.4 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 332 ft agl · 124 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 93 ft agl · 121 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 93 ft agl · 121 kt
Enroute Climb 99.86Enroute climb started overhead KSFZ North Central State Pawtucket (Rhode Island, United States). Climbing from 857 ft asl to 20,695 ft asl, an increase of 19,838 ft in 11 minutes and covering 28 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 139 kn116 kn min to max 165 kn 117 165 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.2 °0.0 ° min to max 38.4 ° 24.8 0.1 °
99 % Average g force 1.01 g0.82 g min to max 1.55 g 0.94 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 2,055 ft/m0 ft/m min to max 4,995 ft/m 3,158 0 ft/m
Info Average altitude 8,608 ft asl857 ft asl min to max 20,695 ft asl 857 20,695 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 10.8 °1.8 ° min to max 21.7 ° 16.9 2.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 778 ft agl · 139 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 860 ft agl · 143 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 1,627 ft agl · 150 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 19,692 ft agl · 186 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile east of CT74 Westford Airstrip Ashford\/Westford (Connecticut, United States) and lasted 181 minutes, covering 376 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 20,553 ft asl20,499 ft asl min to max 20,695 ft asl 20,695 20,507 ft asl
100 % Average speed 189 kn169 kn min to max 204 kn 172 171 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 19.2 ° 0.3 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.74 g min to max 1.07 g 1.01 0.74 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-0.4 ° min to max 3.1 ° 2.3 -0.4 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 19,563 ft agl · 240 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles east of 0OI6 Victor's Landing Kingsville (Ohio, United States). Descent from 20,310 ft asl to 2,466 ft asl, a decrease of 17,845 ft in 11 minutes and covering 34 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 171 kn147 kn min to max 200 kn 169 153 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 11.0 ° 0.0 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.84 g min to max 1.31 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -1,558 ft/m-1,996 ft/m min to max -508 ft/m -1,214 -1,439 ft/m
Info Average altitude 9,441 ft asl2,466 ft asl min to max 20,310 ft asl 20,310 2,466 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.8 °-7.6 ° min to max -0.8 ° -0.8 -2.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 2,389 ft agl · 185 kt
Arrival 98.06Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 3 miles east of 0OI6 Victor's Landing Kingsville (Ohio, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 137 kn111 kn min to max 153 kn 152 111 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.6 °0.1 ° min to max 30.5 ° 2.2 3.9 °
90 % Average g force 1.01 g0.16 g min to max 1.60 g 1.11 0.96 g
Info Average VSI -1,076 ft/m-1,887 ft/m min to max 107 ft/m -1,445 -1,035 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,693 ft asl976 ft asl min to max 2,442 ft asl 2,442 976 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.7 °-10.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° -3.0 -3.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,545 ft agl · 160 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,290 ft agl · 151 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,234 ft agl · 142 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 435 ft agl · 135 kt
Arrival Final 1 94.94Approaching runway 28 at KLNN Willoughby Lost Nation Municipal Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 333 ft agl to 18 ft agl. A decrease of 315 ft in 26 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 1.8 °1.0 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 1.0 °
100 % Average speed 112 kn105 kn min to max 116 kn 108 107 kn
95 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.6 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 -0.1 °
80 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.0 ° min to max 10.7 ° 2.3 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.82 g min to max 1.23 g 0.95 1.05 g
Info Average VSI -658 ft/m-1,204 ft/m min to max -460 ft/m -1,161 -531 ft/m
Info Average altitude 75 ft agl18 ft agl min to max 333 ft agl 333 18 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-3.6 ° min to max 1.4 ° -3.6 1.4 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-100-75-50-250255075100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 97.33Landing on runway 28 at KLNN Willoughby Lost Nation Municipal Airport, runway length 3,141 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 107 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was well above target at 107 kn. Target 96 kn
89 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.1 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.1 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.81 g min to max 1.40 g 1.08 1.04 g
Info Average speed 96 kn85 kn min to max 107 kn 107 85 kn
Info Average VSI -123 ft/m-531 ft/m min to max -24 ft/m -531 -108 ft/m
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl2 ft agl min to max 13 ft agl 13 2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.8 °1.5 ° min to max 5.4 ° 1.9 5.0 °
02505007501,0001,2501,50001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,500-60-48-36-24-1201224364860Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 99.93Touchdown distance was good at 1,423 ft. Touchdown speed at 85 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -108 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 76 °F. Wind 5 kn at 309 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 4 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99.7 % Touchdown VSI was -108 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 1,423 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 85 knTarget 88 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 2.4 ft1.8 ft right -1.4 -2.4 ft
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.3 ° min to max 2.0 ° 0.6 2.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.11 g1.04 g min to max 1.19 g 1.04 1.05 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 84 kn82 kn min to max 85 kn 85 82 kn
Info Average pitch angle 5.0 °5.0 ° min to max 5.1 ° 5.0 5.0 °
Arrival Rollout 97.15Total landing distance 2,365 ft, 75 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Landing distance 2,365 ft75 % of runway.
95 % Runway alignment max 14.5 ft0.0 ft left to 14.5 ft right -2.5 -14.0 ft
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 1.02 g
Info Average speed 76 kn46 kn min to max 82 kn 82 46 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °1.7 ° min to max 4.9 ° 4.9 2.8 °
Info Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 2.3 ° 2.1 0.7 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 16 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 18 kn10 kn min to max 40 kn 40 11 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °2.9 ° min to max 3.7 ° 2.9 3.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.1 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.4 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.01 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 20 kt
Arrival Taxi 95.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 8 kn0 kn min to max 15 kn 10 3 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 4 knmax 5 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °0.2 ° min to max 3.6 ° 3.2 3.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.2 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 92 kt with 8.1° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF8.1° off8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0102030 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 1 kt 3.8° 0 s
Liftoff1,673 ft 92 kt 8.1° 24.4 s
35 ft2,250 ft · 3.4 s after liftoff 102 kt 8.2° 27.7 s
End of the climb4,523 ft · 381 ft 118 kt 19.4° 39.7 s

Takeoff from KSFZ 23

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
1,658ft33 %
Liftoff speed100.00
92kt
Runway alignment100.00
5.8ft R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb98.95
607fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 381 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 2,695 ft of runway left; then climbing at 1,490 fpm on average to 381 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050607080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 92 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 5,004 ft runway.

Rolled from 59 ft in, drifted 6 ft right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 34 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS1 kn75 %widest 5.8 ft RROLL 59 FT INAirborne 1,733 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,733 ft of 5,004 ft · 35 %
Behind the start of the roll, 59 ftTakeoff roll, 1,673 ft Left ahead, 3,271 ft

The approach to KLNN 28

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 520 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,8381,271922691418188
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 6,300 ft right of the centreline, then drifted 160 ft left between 1.1 and 0.8 nm, then inside the band from 0.8 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR1000 ft L01000 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND6303 ft R3408 ft R872 ft R275 ft R156 ft L53 ft R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on KLNN 28

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
12ft
Threshold speed100.00
107kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.1ft R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
1,418ft
Centreline100.00
2.4ft R
Speed100.00
84kt
Touchdown rate99.73
-108fpm
Impact100.00
1.19G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

3 kt across from the right, which takes about 2° of crab to hold the centreline at 85 kt. Touched down with the nose 5° into wind, wings level.

Wind 310° at 6 kt · 4 kt head · 3 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 84 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 12 s, an average deceleration of 0.24 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608010060 kt · 772 ft30 kt · 1,132 fttouchdown1,177 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 3,141 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 12 ft, 38 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,418 ft in, 418 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 3,141 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

12 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −107 fpm · 5° nose up · 85 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 12 ft, down at 1,418 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From 12 ft the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 140 fpm before coming down at 110 fpm to touch. The nose came up 2.8° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−107 fpm at touchdown5° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 3,141 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 12 ft right at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 3 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 1,418 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 1,418 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 2,277 ft of 3,141 ft · 72 %
In the air over the runway, 1,418 ftRollout, 859 ft Left over, 864 ft
Rollout distance100.00
859ft73 % used
Rollout alignment94.99
14.5ft R

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