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KFOE
Topeka, United States
Runway 21
Elevation1,076 ft asl
Weight11,347 lbs
Fuel2,913 lbs
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

95.42 %
KDFW
Dallas-Fort Worth, United States
Runway 17C
Elevation564 ft asl
Weight11,347 lbs
Fuel46 lbs
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross
26 Oct 2026 1:08 371 nm Cessna Citation CJ4 2,867 lbs
Departure Score
99.63 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
86.64 %

What went well

Rollout controlled — 29 % of the runway used
Rollout held the centreline — 4.3 ft off at taxi speed
Rotated at 128 kt — on the 111 kt rotation target

What held you back

Firm touchdown — 380 fpm, −1.52 points across the landing and the touchdown
  • Arrival Landing · flare: the descent was not taken out−0.91
  • Arrival Touchdown · sink rate 380 fpm−0.56
  • Arrival Touchdown · 1.51 G at contact−0.05
Arrival Landing — Threshold height at 72 ft agl was well above target at 63 %, Threshold speed was well above target at 113 kt at 86 %, −1.03 points
Arrival Approach — GPWS warning; 1,000 ft gate 86 %, 500 ft gate 86 %, −0.95 points

Next time

Departure

Start bringing the nose up as the speed reaches 111 kt, not after it.

What happened: You started the rotation at 128 kt, 17 kt past the 111 kt rotation speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 111 kt at rotation

See Departure Roll

Arrival

Close the throttles further on final so you cross the threshold at 98 kt, removing the excess energy before the flare.

What happened: The aircraft crossed the threshold at 113 kt, 15 kt above the 98 kt target, and the flare was not begun until 1.5 ft, well inside the normal flare band. Carrying excess speed that late into the approach usually leaves the flare started late and the touchdown arriving firm.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 98 kt at the threshold

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 14 minutes and covered 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kt0 kt min to max 20 kt 0 7 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 7 ktmax 7 kt 0 7 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-2.4 ° min to max -1.4 ° -1.8 -1.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.1 0.3 °

Events

Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 10 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 21 at KFOE Topeka Regional Airport, Average speed was 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 7 kt7 kt min to max 7 kt 7 7 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-1.8 ° min to max -1.7 ° -1.7 -1.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 98.50Departure roll runway 21 at KFOE Topeka Regional Airport. Takeoff distance 2,002 ft 29 % of runway. Rotation speed was 128 kt. Local weather - Temperature 60 °F. Wind 1 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 1 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 2,002 ft29 % of runway
93 % Rotation speed was 128 ktTarget 111 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 11.1 ft right1.4 ft left to 11.1 ft right -7.6 1.4 ft
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.15 g 1.00 1.15 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -1.6 °-2.0 ° min to max 3.8 ° -1.8 3.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Departure Climb 1 99.64Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 21 KFOE Topeka Regional Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 146 kt136 kt min to max 157 kt 136 157 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 2.3 ° 0.2 2.2 °
96 % Average g force 1.11 g0.68 g min to max 1.59 g 1.28 0.70 g
Info Average VSI 787 fpm594 fpm min to max 1,034 fpm 594 1,001 fpm
Info Average altitude 15 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 38 ft agl 0 38 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °1.7 ° min to max 5.8 ° 4.2 3.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 49 ft agl · 159 kt
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 21 KFOE Topeka Regional Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.6 ° -0.1 0.6 °
100 % Average speed 170 kt160 kt min to max 203 kt 160 203 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.2 °0.1 ° min to max 2.4 ° 2.3 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g0.89 g min to max 1.23 g 0.95 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 1,212 fpm910 fpm min to max 2,497 fpm 919 2,486 fpm
Info Average altitude 85 ft agl45 ft agl min to max 341 ft agl 45 341 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °4.6 ° min to max 8.0 ° 4.6 7.0 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 60 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 76 ft agl · 172 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 21 KFOE Topeka Regional Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 202 kt198 kt min to max 205 ktTarget 196 kt, 6 kt fast 204 198 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 1.0 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 0.97 0.99 g
100 % Landing gear up at 47 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation 0.8 °0.7 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.7 0.8 °
Info Average VSI 2,465 fpm2,444 fpm min to max 2,490 fpm 2,490 2,470 fpm
Info Average altitude 669 ft agl381 ft agl min to max 957 ft agl 381 957 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.0 °6.9 ° min to max 7.1 ° 6.9 7.1 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile south west of KFOE Topeka Regional Airport Topeka (Kansas, United States). Climbing from 2,050 ft asl to 20,010 ft asl, an increase of 17,960 ft in 8 minutes and covering 40 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 226 kt198 kt min to max 302 kt 198 301 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.0 °0.0 ° min to max 33.3 ° 0.3 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.80 g min to max 1.18 g 0.98 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 2,352 fpm-4 fpm min to max 2,580 fpm 2,453 -4 fpm
Info Average altitude 8,359 ft asl2,050 ft asl min to max 20,010 ft asl 2,050 20,010 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °-1.0 ° min to max 7.2 ° 7.1 -1.0 °
Info Turn coordination 0-12 min to max 6 1 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 1,375 ft agl · 206 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,431 ft agl · 206 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 1,607 ft agl · 207 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 4,172 ft agl · 224 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 4,172 ft agl · 224 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 18,463 ft agl · 364 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 18,463 ft agl · 364 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles north east of 4KS6 Thomsen Field Hartford (Kansas, United States) and lasted 38 minutes, covering 258 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,501 ft of 20,009 ft asl20,008 ft asl min to max 20,010 ft asl 20,010 20,009 ft asl
100 % Average speed 302 kt301 kt min to max 303 kt 301 302 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 7.1 ° 0.5 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 0.96 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 1 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-1.0 ° min to max -0.8 ° -1.0 -0.9 °
Enroute Descent 99.99Enroute descent started 4 miles south west of Oakland (Oklahoma, United States). Descent from 20,009 ft asl to 2,267 ft asl, a decrease of 17,742 ft in 12 minutes and covering 64 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 229 kt149 kt min to max 308 kt 302 150 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 16.4 ° 0.2 0.5 °
99.9 % Average g force 1.00 g0.52 g min to max 1.31 g 1.00 0.83 g
Info Average VSI -1,083 fpm-2,187 fpm min to max 1 fpm 0 -1,101 fpm
Info Average altitude 7,734 ft asl2,267 ft asl min to max 20,009 ft asl 20,009 2,267 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.8 °-5.6 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.9 -5.6 °
Info Turn coordination 0-7 min to max 3 0 0

Events

Fail Overspeed Warning Activated 19,199 ft agl · 409 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 19,389 ft agl · 404 kt
Info Overspeed Warning Deactivated 18,967 ft agl · 406 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Activated 11,331 ft agl · 356 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Deactivated 10,077 ft agl · 346 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,994 ft agl · 197 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,810 ft agl · 181 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,846 ft agl · 166 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 1,813 ft agl · 158 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Arm Armed 1,813 ft agl · 158 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Hold Activated 1,813 ft agl · 158 kt
Arrival Approach 85.71Final approach to runway 17C at KDFW Dallas Fort Worth International Airport. Descent from 1,730 ft agl to 83 ft agl in 106 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
0 % On speedfailed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 548 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 612 ft agl · 130 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 353 ft agl · 122 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 176 ft agl · 122 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 176 ft agl · 122 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Arm Disarmed 176 ft agl · 122 kt
Arrival Landing 70.93Landing on runway 17C at KDFW Dallas Fort Worth International Airport, runway length 13,408 ft. Threshold height at 72 ft agl was well above target. Threshold speed was well above target at 113 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
86 % Threshold speed was well above target at 113 kt. Target 98 kt
63 % Threshold height at 72 ft agl was well above target.Target 50 ft agl
38 % The flare strayed well off the target profile. Crossing the threshold 15 kt above target, the flare began at 2 ft agl above the runway, lower than this aircraft wants. Touchdown was 2,871 ft past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.
90 % Runway alignment max 39.1 ft right20.8 ft right to 39.1 ft right -21.0 -35.1 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.6 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.82 g min to max 1.19 g 1.00 0.86 g
Info Average speed 105 kt93 kt min to max 113 kt 113 93 kt
Info Average VSI -284 fpm-703 fpm min to max -100 fpm -551 -255 fpm
Info Average altitude 22 ft agl-4 ft agl min to max 72 ft agl 72 -4 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-3.2 ° min to max 3.3 ° -2.3 1.2 °

Events

Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 30 ft agl · 108 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Hold Deactivated 30 ft agl · 108 kt
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,0003,2503,50001429435772Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,0003,2503,500-80-64-48-32-1601632486480Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 81.57Touchdown point was 1,467 ft beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 93 kt was good. Touchdown rate was firm at -380 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 35 ft from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 59 °F. Wind 1 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
58 % Touchdown rate was -380 fpm.
54 % Touchdown distance was 2,871 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 93 ktTarget below 98 kt
84 % Runway alignment max 35.1 ft right33.9 ft right -35.1 -32.7 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.2 0.4 °
85 % Average g force 1.09 g0.86 g min to max 1.51 g 0.86 1.09 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 92 kt92 kt min to max 93 kt 93 92 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °-1.1 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.2 -1.1 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 4,021 ft, 30 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 4,021 ft30 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 8.4 ft right0.0 ft left to 8.4 ft right -8.4 -4.3 ft
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.98 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 0.99 g
Info Average speed 72 kt47 kt min to max 93 kt 93 47 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-2.1 ° min to max -1.3 ° -1.3 -2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 34 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 34 kt22 kt min to max 47 kt 47 22 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-2.2 ° min to max -1.7 ° -2.1 -2.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.03 g 0.98 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl · 29 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 25 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 2 ft agl · 23 kt
Arrival Taxi 94.98Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 19 kt0 kt min to max 28 kt 22 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
99 % Average g force 0.99 g0.43 g min to max 1.09 g 0.99 1.01 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-2.1 ° min to max 16.0 ° -2.0 -1.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.8 ° 0.3 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 3 ft agl · 21 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 128 kt, 17 kt above the 111 kt target, and lifted off at 135 kt 0.8 s later, the nose coming up at 5.1° a second. Climb 3 averaged 202 kt, 6 kt over its 196 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 196210 kt14070020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 1112.6° off · 5.1°/s3° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 8 kt -1.8° 0 s
80 kt589 ft 80 kt -1.7° 29.1 s
Rotate1,567 ft · target 111 128 kt -1.5° 34.5 s
Liftoff1,748 ft · +7 kt from rotation 135 kt 2.6° 35.3 s
35 ft2,595 ft · 3.4 s after liftoff 156 kt 3.0° 38.7 s
Gear up2,814 ft · 47 ft · full marks to 400 ft 161 kt 4.9° 39.5 s
Climb 36,036 ft · 381 ft to 958 ft · target 196 202 kt avg 6.9° 49.8 s
End of Climb 310,892 ft · 958 ft 198 kt 7.1° 64 s

Takeoff from KFOE 21

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
2,002ft29 %
Rotation speed92.50
128kttarget 111, 17 fast
Liftoff speed
135kt
Runway alignment100.00
11.1ft R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
47ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
202kttarget 196
Rate of climb99.64
786fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 958 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 4,172 ft of runway left; gear up at 47 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,990 fpm on average to 958 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3202 kt avgtarget 196THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 128 kttarget 111Liftoff 135 ktGear up 47 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 6,994 ft runway.

Rolled from 227 ft in, drifted 11 ft right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 28 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 11.0 ft RROLL 227 FT INAirborne 1,975 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,975 ft of 6,994 ft · 28 %
Behind the start of the roll, 227 ftTakeoff roll, 1,748 ft Left ahead, 5,019 ft

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 85.716 of 7500 ft 85.716 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate1,360 fpm1,090 fpm
On glideslope3.9°3.6°
On centreline0.0° off0.5° off
On speed+46 kt+31 kt
Wings level0° bank0° bank

At the 1,000 ft gate: speed more than 25 kt above the approach speed of 98 kt.

At the 500 ft gate: speed more than 15 kt above the approach speed of 98 kt.

When the approach was stable

Never every check met at once: fast all the way.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KDFW 17C

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 420 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,7198394792351,000 ft gate6 of 7on speed1,373 ft · 144 kt500 ft gate6 of 7on speed651 ft · 129 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 14× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 90 ft off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR230 ft L0230 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND5 ft R89 ft R27 ft R40 ft R5 ft L79 ft R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 25 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 15 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 4 nm to the threshold (up to +52 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

100120140160 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 98+52 kt+36 kt+19 kt+24 kt+15 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KDFW 17C

Over the threshold

Threshold height63.02
71ft
Threshold speed86.41
113kttarget 98, 15 fast
Centreline offset89.86
39.1ft R

Touchdown

Past threshold54.32
2,871ft
Centreline83.63
35.1ft R
Speed100.00
93kttarget 98 or less
Touchdown rate58.09
-380fpm
Impact85.14
1.51G
BouncesOk
None
The flare38.35

The flare strayed well off the target profile. Crossing the threshold 15 kt above target, the flare began at 2 ft agl above the runway, lower than this aircraft wants. Touchdown was 2,871 ft past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.

The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° left of the track, wings level.

Wind 270° at 1 kt · 0 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 94 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 18 s, an average deceleration of 0.18 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608010060 kt · 960 ft30 kt · 1,694 fttouchdown1,762 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 71 ft, 21 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 2 ft. Touched down 2,871 ft in, 1,871 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

71 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 2 ft · −396 fpm · 1.2° · 93 ktdescent slowed at 0 ft · −377 fpm · 1.2°−380 fpm · 1.2° nose up · 93 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 71 ft, down at 2,871 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink stayed between 380 fpm and 400 fpm from the flare to the runway. The pitch barely changed.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−4°3°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−380 fpm at touchdown1.2° at touchdown, +0.1° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 13,408 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 33 ft right of the centreline, and steered back to 4 ft right by the end of the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 2,871 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 2,871 ft past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 380 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 3,926 ft of 13,408 ft · 29 %
In the air over the runway, 2,871 ftRollout, 1,055 ft Left over, 9,482 ft
Rollout distance100.00
1,055ft29 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
8.4ft R

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Flight narrative

The Cessna Citation CJ4 taxied from the parking area to runway 21 at KFOE for 14 minutes, covering 3 nm, and departed on runway 21. Takeoff required 2,002 ft, which was 29 % of the runway. Rotation occurred at 128 kt. The local weather at departure was 60 °F with wind 1 kt from 270°, giving a 1 kt headwind and a 1 kt crosswind.

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 26 seconds, averaging 1,838 fpm and reaching 198 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then climbed from 2,050 ft asl to 20,010 ft asl in 8 minutes, covering 40 nm, beginning the climb about 1 mile southwest of KFOE. Level cruise was flown at 20,000 ft asl for 38 minutes, covering 258 nm, starting roughly 2 miles northeast of 4KS6 Thomsen Field.

Descent began from 20,009 ft asl to 2,267 ft asl in 12 minutes, covering 64 nm, with the descent start about 4 miles southwest of Oakland. The final approach to runway 17C at KDFW descended from 1,730 ft agl to 83 ft agl in 106 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, and wings level; speed was not met. Gear was down at 1,846 ft agl at 166 kt, and the final flap position 2 was selected at 612 ft agl at 130 kt.

Landing on runway 17C, which is 13,408 ft long, occurred with a threshold height of 72 ft agl and a threshold speed of 113 kt, both well above target. The flare was described as great, though the pitch was pumped up and down. Touchdown was 1,467 ft beyond the touchdown zone, at 93 kt, with a firm rate of minus 380 fpm. The touchdown point was misaligned by 35 ft from the centreline, but there was no bounce. Total landing distance was 4,021 ft, 30 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect. Local weather at landing was 59 °F with wind 1 kt from 270°, giving a 0 kt headwind and a 1 kt crosswind.

After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area in 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 371 nm in 68 minutes and used 2,867 lb of fuel.

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