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KHSI
Hastings, United States
Runway 32
Elevation1,959 ft asl
Weight942 kg
Fuel69 kg
Wind94° · 10 kn · 8 kn cross

Flight Score

71.82 %
KHSI
Hastings, United States
Runway XX
Elevation1,971 ft asl
Weight938 kg
Fuel62 kg
Wind313° · 8 kn · 6 kn cross
21 Sep 2025 0:02 2 nm Cessna C172 7 kg
Departure Score
95.78 %
Enroute Score
85.65 %
Arrival Score
34.03 %

What went well

Touchdown 63 m in — inside the full-score zone
Airborne in 333 m — 20 % of the runway
Held the centreline on the roll — 1.23 m off at liftoff

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was excessively high at 105 kt. at 0 %, Flare profile at 0 %, −9.71 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown VSI was -4,764 fpm. at 0 %, Speed at touchdown 130 kt at 0 %, −6.59 points
Arrival Final 1 — Heading variation -5.4 ° at 0 %, bank angle up to 89.5 ° at 0 %, −5.69 points

Top opportunity

Keep the approach speed on target

Arrival Landing

Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.

Read more in VRef Explained

Start to finish · 10 stages, 8 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 4 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 7 kt0 kt min to max 12 kt 0 12 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 ktmax 10 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °1.5 ° min to max 2.2 ° 1.8 2.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.2 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 10 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 32 at KHSI Hastings Municipal Airport, Average speed was 10 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 25 kt3 kt min to max 38 kt 12 38 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °0.8 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.9 2.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.1 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.99 g

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 3 ft agl · 22 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 3 ft agl · 22 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 3 ft agl · 22 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 3 ft agl · 12 kt
Departure Roll 94.77Departure roll runway 32 at KHSI Hastings Municipal Airport. Takeoff distance 421 m 25 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 57 kt. Local weather - Temperature 17 °C. Wind 10 kt at 94 °. Crosswind: 8 kt Tailwind: 6 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 421 m25 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 57 ktTarget 65 kt
99 % Runway alignment max 5.45 m2.08 m left to 3.36 m right -1.44 1.23 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 0.99 1.04 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °2.2 ° min to max 11.3 ° 2.3 11.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 7.0 ° 0.1 7.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Stall Warning Activated 4 ft agl · 66 kt
Departure Climb 1 93.45Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 32 KHSI Hastings Municipal Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.4 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° -0.1 0.4 °
100 % Average speed 63 kt57 kt min to max 69 kt 57 67 kt
74 % Average bank angle 5.8 °0.1 ° min to max 12.0 ° 7.4 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.83 g min to max 1.20 g 1.04 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 382 fpm282 fpm min to max 485 fpm 385 342 fpm
Info Average altitude 29 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 54 ft agl 1 54 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.8 °8.7 ° min to max 15.8 ° 11.4 9.2 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Deactivated 19 ft agl · 69 kt
Departure Climb 2 94.91Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 32 KHSI Hastings Municipal Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 70 kt64 kt min to max 81 kt 67 76 kt
80 % Average bank angle 3.1 °0.0 ° min to max 9.7 ° 1.6 4.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.88 g min to max 1.17 g 0.97 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 471 fpm186 fpm min to max 1,142 fpm 342 1,142 fpm
Info Average altitude 86 ft agl55 ft agl min to max 239 ft agl 55 239 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.0 °6.8 ° min to max 13.8 ° 9.2 13.6 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 102 ft agl · 80 kt
Enroute Level 85.65Enroute level cruise started overhead KHSI Hastings Municipal Airport Hastings (Nebraska, United States) and lasted 1 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,327 ft asl2,203 ft asl min to max 2,428 ft asl 2,203 2,428 ft asl
100 % Average speed 76 kt56 kt min to max 110 kt 75 74 kt
65 % Average bank angle 19.5 °0.6 ° min to max 57.6 ° 4.2 33.2 °
97 % Average g force 1.03 g0.57 g min to max 1.60 g 0.97 0.70 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °-9.0 ° min to max 16.9 ° 12.3 5.8 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 398 ft agl · 75 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 303 ft agl · 82 kt
Arrival Final 1 48.78Approaching landing ground Hastings Municipal Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 449 ft agl to 209 ft agl. A decrease of 240 ft in 8 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
67 % Approach angle 17.2 °13.8 ° min to max 23.8 °Target 3.0 ° 13.8 23.8 °
100 % Average speed 93 kt73 kt min to max 107 kt 73 107 kt
0 % Heading variation -5.4 °-9.1 ° min to max -0.2 ° -9.1 -0.2 °
0 % Average bank angle 89.4 °89.4 ° min to max 89.4 ° 89.4 89.4 °
54 % Average g force 1.51 g0.56 g min to max 3.10 g 0.74 3.10 g
Info Average VSI -1,489 fpm-2,993 fpm min to max -200 fpm -200 -2,993 fpm
Info Average altitude 331 ft agl209 ft agl min to max 449 ft agl 449 209 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -7.0 °-23.2 ° min to max 2.9 ° 2.9 -23.2 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 208 ft agl · 114 kt
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-390-293-195-98098195293390Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 12.64Approaching touchdown Hastings Municipal Airport. Descent from 111 ft agl to 0 ft agl. A decrease of 111 ft in 0 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 105 kt. Target 60 kt
0 % Very poor landing flare
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
0 % Average bank angle 109.7 °0.6 ° min to max 146.1 ° 0.6 146.1 °
53 % Average g force 3.00 g2.55 g min to max 3.15 g 2.55 3.15 g
Info Average speed 124 kt105 kt min to max 130 kt 105 130 kt
Info Average VSI -4,706 fpm-4,764 fpm min to max -4,531 fpm -4,531 -4,764 fpm
Info Average altitude 52 ft agl33 ft agl min to max 111 ft agl 111 33 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -27.5 °-33.2 ° min to max -10.4 ° -10.4 -33.2 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Deactivated 35 ft agl · 137 kt
075022446689111Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075-12-10-8-6-4-2024681012Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 40.67Touchdown Hastings Municipal Airport. Touchdown speed at 130 kt was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -4,764 fpm. Touchdown distance was good at 63 m. Local weather - Temperature 19 °C. Wind 8 kt at 313 °. Crosswind: 6 kt Headwind: 6 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Touchdown VSI was -4,764 fpm.
0 % Speed at touchdown 130 ktTarget below 58 kt
75 % Alignment max 9.99 m8.89 m left 2.40 9.73 m
0 % Average bank angle 172.1 °146.1 ° min to max 179.5 ° 146.1 173.2 °
49 % Average g force 0.24 g-1.27 g min to max 3.15 g 3.15 0.17 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 54 kt26 kt min to max 133 kt 130 26 kt
Info Average pitch angle -33.5 °-46.1 ° min to max -5.3 ° -33.2 -33.5 °

Events

Info Engine 1 Stopped 3 ft agl · 33 kt
Runway Exit Exiting rollout Hastings Municipal Airport, Average speed was 26 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 33 kt33 kt min to max 33 kt 33 33 kt
Info Average pitch angle -33.5 °-33.5 ° min to max -33.5 ° -33.5 -33.5 °
Info Average bank angle 173.2 °173.2 ° min to max 173.2 ° 173.2 173.2 °
Info Average g force 0.17 g0.17 g min to max 0.17 g 0.17 0.17 g

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 3 ft agl · 33 kt

Takeoff

OkTaxi lightsSet
100.00Takeoff roll333 m · 20 %
100.00Liftoff speed57 kt
98.84Runway alignment3.36 m R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
93.45Rate of climb382 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

0.00Threshold height111 ft
0.00Threshold speed104 kt · target 60, 44 fast
100.00Centreline offset0.03 m L
Flare 0.00Very poor landing flare

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

The approach, gate by gate

Gate Height Centreline Speed
THR 111 ft — +45 kt

Touchdown on KHSI XX

Past threshold100.00
63m
Centreline74.68
9.73m L
Speed0.00
130kttarget 53, 77 fast
Touchdown rate0.00
-5,295fpmfirst contact -4,764 fpm, then bounced
Impact49.43
3.15G
Bounces80.00
1

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

111 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 111 ft, down at 63 m

Plan view — the full 1,524 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD CROSS 6 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 63 m past threshold CLEARED

The 63 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 3.15 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 63 m of 1,524 m · 4 %

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

This flight was conducted using a Cessna C172 aircraft. The taxiing process, which involved moving the plane from the parking area to the runway, took approximately 4 minutes and covered a distance of less than 1 nautical mile.

The departure roll began on Runway 32 at KHSI Hastings Municipal Airport, with the plane requiring 421 meters, or 25% of the runway, to take off. The liftoff speed was achieved at 57 knots. Local weather conditions at the time of departure consisted of a temperature of 17 degrees Celsius and a wind of 10 knots blowing from an angle of 94 degrees, with a crosswind of 8 knots and a tailwind of 6 knots.

After taking off, the plane entered level cruise mode, flying overhead the KHSI Hastings Municipal Airport in Hastings, Nebraska, United States, for a brief period of 1 minute while covering less than 1 nautical mile.

For the final approach to landing, the aircraft descended from 449 feet above ground level to 1 nautical mile before the airport, after which it initiated the descent to touch down.

During the approach, the plane experienced a descent from an altitude of 111 feet above ground level to 0 feet, with no discernible time taken for the descent. Upon touching down, the aircraft's touchdown speed was noted to be excessively fast at 130 knots, resulting in a very heavy touchdown rate of -4,764 feet per minute. Surprisingly, despite the high speed, the touchdown distance was still reasonable at 63 meters.

The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 19 degrees Celsius, a wind of 8 knots blowing from an angle of 313 degrees, a crosswind of 6 knots, and a headwind of 6 knots.

Overall, the flight covered a total distance of 2 nautical miles and lasted 2 minutes, with the aircraft consuming approximately 7 kilograms of fuel.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 32 at KHSI Hastings Municipal Airport in the Cessna 172
95.78 %
100 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 4 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 2 1
94.77 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 32 at KHSI Hastings Municipal Airport. Takeoff distance 421 m 25 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 57 kt. Local weather - Temperature 17 °C. Wind 10 kt at 94 °. Crosswind: 8 kt Tailwind: 6 kt.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 421 m using 25.09 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 57 kn - Target 65 kn
Alignment
98.84 %
2.08 m left to 3.36 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
0 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
60 35 10
Bank °
Info
8 4 0
Pitch °
Info
12 7 2
02505007501,0001,250-15-10-5051015 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
93.45 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 32 KHSI Hastings Municipal Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
70 60 50
Bank °
73.79 %
12 6 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
16 12 8
Climb Rate fpm
Info
500 200 -100
94.91 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 32 KHSI Hastings Municipal Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 75 60
Bank °
79.66 %
10 5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
14 10 6
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,200 600 0
02505007501,0001,25004386129172215 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.040.070.110.150.190100200 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.040.070.110.150.19-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway XX at Hastings Municipal Airport in the Cessna 172
Landing Score 34.03 %
Landing Summary

This aviation incident report concerns a Cessna C172 aircraft, a popular training plane, which experienced a difficult landing at Hastings Municipal Airport. The key issues with the landing become evident from the data provided, particularly in terms of approach speed and control.

The pilot managed to approach the runway successfully, landing within 1 nm of the intended point and maintaining an altitude of 449 ft above ground level (agl) at the start of the final approach stage. However, things started to go wrong when the aircraft was just 111 ft agl, resulting in a steep and uncontrolled descent. The absence of any time frame indicates that this descent happened extremely rapidly, likely leading to an unsteady landing experience for passengers and possibly affecting the structural integrity of the aircraft.

Upon touchdown, the pilot overshot the ideal landing speeds by a considerable margin, resulting in an excessively fast landing speed of 130 kt. This can indicate a lack of control and stability near the end of the landing sequence, which would have put pressure on the pilot. Alongside this, the significant negative touchdown rate of -4,764 fpm signifies an incredibly harsh impact. The pilot's handling during descent and landing needs to be reviewed and adjusted to ensure that future landings remain safe and smooth.

In terms of weather conditions, the pilot faced relatively benign conditions with a calm temperature and a light wind. With only a 6 kt headwind, crosswind, and very light tailwind, the pilot would have been able to handle these elements with relatively little challenge, suggesting that the main issues with the landing could not be attributed to weather.

Not all aspects of this landing were problematic, though. The pilot achieved a good touchdown distance of 63 m, showing some skill in navigating to the landing surface, and the aircraft's control during most of the descent and approach remained intact.

To make safe flights possible in the future, the pilot should focus on improving control over the aircraft's speed throughout the landing stages. It may be beneficial to consult training materials or to get coaching to develop the skill necessary to achieve smoother landings.

48.78 %
Final 1
Approaching landing ground Hastings Municipal Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 449 ft agl to 209 ft agl. A decrease of 240 ft in 8 seconds.
Glideslope
66.78 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
0 %
Poor heading alignment
Glideslope °
66.78 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
107 89 70
Alignment
0 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
0 %
95 49 2
G
54.29 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-200 -1,600 -3,000
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-390-293-195-98098195293390 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
12.64 %
Landing
Approaching touchdown Hastings Municipal Airport. Descent from 111 ft agl to 0 ft agl. A decrease of 111 ft in 0 seconds.
Height
0 %
Threshold height at 111 ft agl was excessively over target. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
0 %
Threshold speed was excessively high at 105 kt. Target 60 kt
Flare
0 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
0 %
147 74 0
G
52.86 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
130 115 100
Pitch °
Info
-9 -21 -33
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-4,531 -4,666 -4,800
075022446689111 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075-12-10-8-6-4-2024681012 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
40.67 %
Touchdown
Touchdown Hastings Municipal Airport. Touchdown speed at 130 kt was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -4,764 fpm. Touchdown distance was good at 63 m. Local weather - Temperature 19 °C. Wind 8 kt at 313 °. Crosswind: 6 kt Headwind: 6 kt
Touchdown
0 %
Touchdown rate was very heavy at -5,295 fpm.
Speed
0 %
Touchdown speed at 130 kt was excessively fast. Target below 58 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 63 m.
Alignment
74.68 %
Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 10.0 m from centreline.
Bank
0 %
Bank angle 172.1 °
G
49.43 %
G 0.24 g
Bounce
80 %
Bounce Detected
Metrics
Metrics

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