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Events
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Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Hold the nose down until the speed reaches 150 kt, then rotate.
What happened: You started the rotation at 107 kt, 43 kt before the 150 kt rotation speed.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 150 kt at rotation
See Departure Roll
Arrival
Keep the back pressure coming once the flare is established, holding the nose up through to touchdown instead of easing it.
What happened: The flare arrested the sink but 622 fpm of it came back before touchdown, and in flights like this one that returning sink usually carries through to a firm or hard touchdown at 426 fpm.
Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: the sink held near zero all the way through touchdown, not allowed to build back up.
A crosswind landing is a geometry problem. The air mass you're flying in is moving sideways across the runway, and you need your ground track down the centreline with your wheels aligned to it at the moment of contact. There are two techniques that will help, the crab and the sideslip.
Read more in Crosswind Landings in the SimStart to finish · 13 stages, 12 in the score
Events
Events
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 107 kt, 43 kt below the 150 kt target, and lifted off at 164 kt 15.0 s later, the nose coming up at 0.3° a second. Climb 3 averaged 194 kt, 26 kt over its 168 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 965 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,616 m of runway left; gear up at 76 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,820 fpm on average to 965 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 3,742 m runway.
Rolled from 175 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 14 m at the widest, and lifted off 14 m left, in 8 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 46 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 4 nm to 0.3 nm, then not again: left of the centreline from 0.3 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 50 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 26× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 0.3 nm, then 14 m left of it from 0.3 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 35 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −0 kt and +13 kt on the approach speed of 140 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare mostly held the target profile. The flare took all the sink out 7 ft agl above the runway and the aircraft then dropped the rest of the way, 622 fpm of sink coming back. Touchdown was 764 m past the threshold. It was on speed over the threshold, so this was more back pressure than the speed could take: raise the nose more slowly and stop as soon as the sink is checked. Once it has ballooned, hold the attitude and let it settle rather than pushing.
7 kt across from the left, which takes about 3° of crab to hold the centreline at 125 kt. Touched down with 3° of it still on, wings level.
Wind 250° at 8 kt · 4 kt head · 7 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 121 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 30 s, an average deceleration of 0.16 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,826 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 56 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 26 ft; ballooned 7 ft from 4 ft. Touched down 764 m in, 459 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,826 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 210 fpm before coming down at 430 fpm to touch. The nose came up 4.7° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,826 m of the 3,742 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 3.8 m left of the centreline and drifted to 18 m left on the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 764 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 426 fpm arrival was firm.
The rest of the report
The Airbus A321ceo departed from runway 31R at LHBP Budapest Liszt Ferenc International Airport. Take-off used 1,736 m of runway (46 % of runway) and rotation occurred at 107 kt. Local weather was 15 °C with wind 10 kt from 249°, giving a 9 kt crosswind and a 4 kt headwind.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 29 seconds, averaging 1,666 fpm and reaching 204 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then climbed from 1,469 ft asl to 2,467 ft asl in under a minute, covering about 2 nm while remaining overhead Budapest. Level flight was held at 2,700 ft asl for 3 minutes, covering 12 nm, beginning roughly 2 nm north-west of the airport.
Descent began from 2,509 ft asl to 1,786 ft asl over 4 minutes, covering 11 nm and starting overhead Gyomro, with a brief level-off at 2,000 ft asl.
Final approach to runway 31R started from 1,372 ft agl and descended to 68 ft agl in 104 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were all met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed, and wings level. Autopilot was disconnected at 501 ft agl, with the aircraft at 141 kt.
Landing was on runway 31R (runway length 3,742 m). Threshold height at 56 ft agl was slightly above target; threshold speed was good at 142 kt. The flare was described as very good, though the aircraft ballooned in the flare. Touchdown occurred 340 m beyond the touchdown zone at 125 kt, a good speed, but with a hard rate of -426 fpm. Touchdown position was slightly off centreline by 4.0 m, and there was no bounce. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 17.6 m from centreline. Total landing distance was 1,738 m (46 % of runway).
The flight covered 32 nm in 13 minutes, using 29 kg of fuel. Local weather at landing was 13 °C with wind 8 kt from 249°, giving a 7 kt crosswind and a 3 kt headwind.
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