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EDLH
Hamm, Germany
Runway 24
Elevation187 ft asl
Weight961 kg
Fuel94 kg
Wind333° · 3 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

91.90 %
EDLA
Arnsberg, Germany
Runway 23
Elevation774 ft asl
Weight953 kg
Fuel86 kg
Wind346° · 7 kn · 6 kn cross
14 May 2026 0:10 18 nm Piper PA-24-250 Comanche 9 kg
Departure Score
89.45 %
Enroute Score
99.99 %
Arrival Score
86.27 %

What went well

Touchdown 294 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 19 ft and 70 kt — both inside band
Flare on profile — 96 %

What held you back

Departure Climb 2 — bank angle up to 25.1 ° at 42 %, Heading variation -1.8 ° at 77 %, −2.23 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 15.15 m left at 56 %, g force 0.30 to 0.93 g at 69 %, −1.91 points
Arrival Approach — 300 ft gate 86 %, −1.19 points
Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, g force 0.01 to 0.91 g at 61 %, −1.15 points

Next time

Maintain a smooth pitch

See Departure Roll

When Vr arrives, an abrupt near-full-scale pull, pitch overshoots, a push, and an oscillation through the first 200 ft. It feels like “this aircraft is twitchy” but the actual fault happened before liftoff. The pitch trace needs to show a clean ramp during liftoff.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 12 stages, 10 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield, Average speed was 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 5 kt0 kt min to max 18 kt 0 18 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °1.2 ° min to max 3.9 ° 1.2 3.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.92 g min to max 1.07 g 0.92 0.97 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Landing Gear Activated 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Roll 89.61Departure roll runway 24 at EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield. Takeoff distance 364 m 58 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 69 kt. Local weather - Temperature 8 °C. Wind 3 kt at 333 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 364 m58 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 69 ktTarget 70 kt
93 % Runway alignment max 5.04 m left5.04 m left to 0.00 m left 1.45 5.04 m
61 % Average g force 0.48 g0.01 g min to max 0.91 g 0.90 0.90 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °3.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 3.6 3.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.4 ° 0.0 2.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Departure Climb 1 98.78Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Heading variation -1.1 °-1.4 ° min to max -0.8 ° -0.8 -1.4 °
100 % Average speed 80 kt70 kt min to max 85 kt 70 85 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.9 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.95 g0.85 g min to max 1.02 g 0.92 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 540 fpm262 fpm min to max 826 fpm 262 826 fpm
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 30 ft agl 0 30 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °3.1 ° min to max 9.1 ° 3.1 9.1 °
Departure Climb 2 79.97Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 24 EDLH Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
77 % Heading variation -1.8 °-3.8 ° min to max -1.5 ° -1.5 -3.8 °
100 % Average speed 84 kt74 kt min to max 86 kt 85 74 kt
42 % Average bank angle 2.3 °0.0 ° min to max 25.1 ° 1.1 25.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.93 g0.80 g min to max 0.99 g 0.99 0.80 g
Info Average VSI 1,190 fpm844 fpm min to max 1,863 fpm 844 1,402 fpm
Info Average altitude 86 ft agl31 ft agl min to max 357 ft agl 31 357 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.3 °9.2 ° min to max 15.6 ° 9.2 10.7 °
Enroute Climb 99.99Enroute climb started overhead Hamm (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Climbing from 1,021 ft asl to 2,744 ft asl, an increase of 1,723 ft in 3 minutes and covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 108 kt74 kt min to max 117 kt 74 113 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.7 °0.0 ° min to max 36.0 ° 27.5 2.7 °
99.9 % Average g force 0.91 g0.65 g min to max 1.11 g 0.83 0.92 g
Info Average VSI 525 fpm-114 fpm min to max 1,391 fpm 1,133 466 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,927 ft asl1,021 ft asl min to max 2,744 ft asl 1,021 2,744 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °-0.6 ° min to max 9.5 ° 8.3 2.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 99.99Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of Welver (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±638 ft of 2,974 ft asl2,761 ft asl min to max 3,105 ft asl 2,761 3,071 ft asl
100 % Average speed 121 kt113 kt min to max 126 kt 113 123 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.7 °0.3 ° min to max 21.4 ° 13.4 3.9 °
99.9 % Average g force 0.90 g0.65 g min to max 0.98 g 0.92 0.93 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-1.9 ° min to max 2.4 ° 2.0 -0.7 °
Enroute Descent 99.99Enroute descent started 2 miles east of Werl (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Descent from 3,069 ft asl to 1,502 ft asl, a decrease of 1,567 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 117 kt94 kt min to max 131 kt 124 94 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.3 °0.1 ° min to max 31.1 ° 9.3 0.7 °
99.9 % Average g force 0.92 g0.63 g min to max 1.26 g 1.05 0.91 g
Info Average VSI -904 fpm-2,627 fpm min to max 204 fpm 24 -1,110 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,512 ft asl1,502 ft asl min to max 3,095 ft asl 3,069 1,502 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.1 °-12.3 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.5 -4.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 500 ft agl · 99 kt
Arrival Approach 85.71Final approach to runway 23 at EDLA Arnsberg-Menden Airfield. Descent from 1,012 ft agl to 477 ft agl in 32 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
0 % On centrelinefailed
100 % On speedpassed
100 % Wings levelpassed

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 500 ft agl · 99 kt
Arrival Landing 95.57Landing on runway 23 at EDLA Arnsberg-Menden Airfield, runway length 910 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 71 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 71 kt. Target 68 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 49 ft agl
96 % Excellent landing flare
83 % Runway alignment max 12.74 m left12.74 m left to 4.94 m left 4.94 12.74 m
95 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.5 ° 1.5 0.9 °
76 % Average g force 1.04 g0.63 g min to max 1.67 g 0.92 0.96 g
Info Average speed 62 kt54 kt min to max 71 kt 71 54 kt
Info Average VSI -185 fpm-564 fpm min to max 13 fpm -545 -122 fpm
Info Average altitude 3 ft agl-3 ft agl min to max 20 ft agl 20 -3 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °-1.5 ° min to max 7.1 ° -1.5 4.3 °
07515022530001123344556Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-12-10-8-6-4-2024681012Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 86.73Touchdown distance was good at 291 m. Touchdown speed at 54 kt was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -146 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 13.5 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 7 °C. Wind 6 kt at 346 °. Crosswind: 6 kt Tailwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
89 % Touchdown rate was -146 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 291 mTarget 456 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 54 ktTarget below 66 kt
62 % Runway alignment max 13.53 m left13.13 m left 12.74 13.53 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.9 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.9 0.9 °
72 % Average g force 0.78 g0.26 g min to max 1.03 g 0.96 0.26 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 54 kt53 kt min to max 54 kt 54 53 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °4.3 ° min to max 6.0 ° 4.3 6.0 °
Arrival Rollout 77.08Total landing distance 608 m, 67 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 15.2 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 608 m67 % of runway.
56 % Runway alignment max 15.15 m left15.15 m left to 6.44 m right 13.60 -0.73 m
69 % Average g force 0.55 g0.30 g min to max 0.93 g 0.93 0.68 g
Info Average speed 57 kt36 kt min to max 64 kt 64 36 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °0.8 ° min to max 6.5 ° 6.2 2.6 °
Info Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 4.4 ° 1.0 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 7 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 19 kt6 kt min to max 31 kt 31 6 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °2.1 ° min to max 2.3 ° 2.1 2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.0 °
Info Average g force 0.87 g0.81 g min to max 0.99 g 0.81 0.99 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 69 kt with 3.1° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

90 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF3.1° off10° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH01020 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 9 kt 3.6° 0 s
Liftoff263 m · target 70 69 kt 3.1° 10.0 s
35 ft561 m · 6.8 s after liftoff 85 kt 9.5° 16.8 s
End of the climb1,078 m · 357 ft 74 kt 10.7° 29.7 s

Takeoff from EDLH 24

Takeoff roll100.00
364m58 %
Liftoff speed100.00
69kttarget 70, 1 slow
Runway alignment92.76
5.04m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb98.78
539fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 357 ft.

Reached 35 ft at the runway end; then climbing at 1,080 fpm on average to 357 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 69 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 628 m runway.

Rolled from 80 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 4.3 m at the widest, and lifted off 4.4 m left. Airborne 54 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

100200300400500600THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS2 kn75 %widest 4.32 m LROLL 80 M INAirborne 343 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 343 m of 628 m · 55 %
Behind the start of the roll, 80 mTakeoff roll, 263 m Left ahead, 285 m

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.

Seven checks, one gate300 ft 85.716 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate1,040 fpm
On glideslope3.7°
On centreline3.0° off
On speed+24 kt
Wings level6° bank

At the 300 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.

When the approach was stable

Never every check met at once: fast all the way, high until 0.7 nm, banked until 0.6 nm, no landing flap until 0.5 nm and left of the centreline until 0.2 nm.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to EDLA 23

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 1.0 nm, where the final began, to 0.7 nm (up to 280 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND292300 ft gate6 of 7on centreline607 ft · 106 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 137 m left of the centreline at 1.0 nm, then inside the band from 0.2 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND92 m L52 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 1.0 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to +40 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 68+27 kt+3 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on EDLA 23

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
19ft
Threshold speed100.00
70kttarget 68, 2 fast
Centreline offset82.97
12.74m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
294m
Centreline61.80
13.53m L
Speed100.00
54kttarget 66 or less
Touchdown rate89.32
-146fpm
Impact72.00
1.03G
Bounces80.00
1
The flare96.00

Excellent landing flare. It lost 4.0 points, for the nose going up and down 7 times.

The crosswind

5 kt across from the right, which takes about 5° of crab to hold the centreline at 54 kt. Touched down with the nose 7° into wind, wings level.

Wind 346° at 7 kt · 3 kt tail · 5 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 65 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 14 s, an average deceleration of 0.15 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 75 m30 kt · 350 mtouchdown364 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 910 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 19 ft, 31 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 17 ft. Touched down 294 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 910 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

19 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 17 ft · −533 fpm · −0° · 70 ktdescent slowed at 4 ft · −285 fpm · 3.2°−146 fpm · 4.3° nose up · 54 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 19 ft, down at 294 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 120 fpm before coming down at 150 fpm to touch. The nose came up 4.3° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−2°4°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−146 fpm at touchdown4.3° at touchdown, +4.3° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 910 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 14 m left of the centreline, and steered back to 2.4 m right by the end of the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 5 kn FULL SCORE TO 501 M 294 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 294 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.03 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 590 m of 910 m · 65 %
In the air over the runway, 294 mRollout, 296 m Left over, 320 m
Rollout distance100.00
296m65 % used
Rollout alignment55.87
15.15m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

Departing from Hamm-Lippewiesen Airfield, the Piper PA-24-250 Comanche began its departure roll on runway 24, covering 60% of the 604-meter runway in a distance of 364 meters. The aircraft lifted off at a speed of 69 knots, overcoming the minimal headwind of 0 knots and the slight crosswind of 3 knots.

As the aircraft transitioned into the enroute climb phase, it began to ascend from 1,021 feet above sea level to 2,744 feet, a vertical gain of 1,723 feet in just 3 minutes. This climb phase was followed by a brief level cruise, where the aircraft maintained a steady altitude for 3 minutes while covering 7 nautical miles. The enroute descent phase then commenced, with the aircraft descending from 3,069 feet to 1,502 feet in 2 minutes, covering 4 nautical miles. The aircraft then entered the final approach phase, aligning itself with runway 23 at Arnsberg-Menden Airfield from the northeast.

The Piper PA-24-250 Comanche touched down on runway 23 at a speed of 54 knots, with a smooth touchdown rate of -122 feet per minute. The aircraft's touchdown distance of 291 meters was within acceptable limits, covering 67% of the 910-meter runway. Although the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned from the centerline, the aircraft's rollout alignment was also slightly off, deviating by 15.2 meters from the centerline. The total flight distance was 18 nautical miles, with a fuel consumption of 9 kilograms.

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