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LIKO
Italy
Runway 03
Elevation105 ft asl
Weight987 kg
Fuel68 kg
WindCalm

Flight Score

99.27 %
LIPK
Forlì (FC), Italy
Runway 30
Elevation92 ft asl
Weight968 kg
Fuel48 kg
WindCalm
2 Sep 2025 0:41 62 nm Tecnam P2006T MKII 20 kg
Departure Score
98.18 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
99.63 %

What went well

Touched down at -164 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 366 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 39 ft and 74 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, −0.58 points
Arrival Final 4 — bank angle up to 5.8 ° at 92 %, −0.07 points

Next time

Departure

Make small rudder corrections against a point at the far end to hold the centreline.

What happened: During the ground roll you drifted 5.8 m off the runway centreline.

Watch for: Watch runway alignment against the centreline, correcting with small rudder inputs.

See Departure Roll

A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 20 stages, 18 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 03 at LIKO Guglielmo Zamboni, Average speed was 22 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 19 kt0 kt min to max 39 kt 0 39 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.0 1.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.0 0.4 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Parking Brake Off 1 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 1 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 1 ft agl
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 1 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 1 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 1 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 1 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 1 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 1 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched Off 1 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 1 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 1 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 1 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 1 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 1 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 1 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 1 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 1 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 1 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1 ft agl · 5 kt
Departure Roll 93.02Departure roll runway 03 at LIKO Guglielmo Zamboni. Takeoff distance 204 m 30 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 68 kt. Local weather - Temperature 24 °C. .
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 204 m30 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 68 ktTarget 60 kt
90 % Runway alignment max 5.77 m left5.77 m left to 0.00 m left 3.73 5.11 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.19 g 0.99 1.19 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °0.8 ° min to max 7.3 ° 1.5 7.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.4 0.4 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 03 LIKO Guglielmo Zamboni.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.7 °-0.8 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.8 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 70 kt68 kt min to max 70 kt 68 69 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.13 g0.99 g min to max 1.34 g 1.22 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 745 fpm460 fpm min to max 959 fpm 460 959 fpm
Info Average altitude 21 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 48 ft agl 0 48 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.7 °7.8 ° min to max 12.0 ° 7.8 12.0 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 46 ft agl · 70 kt
Departure Climb 2 99.69Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 03 LIKO Guglielmo Zamboni.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.6 °-0.7 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.6 -0.4 °
100 % Average speed 70 kt69 kt min to max 73 kt 69 72 kt
99 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.1 ° min to max 2.5 ° 0.6 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.88 g min to max 1.02 g 0.99 0.88 g
Info Average VSI 1,045 fpm966 fpm min to max 1,120 fpm 966 972 fpm
Info Average altitude 119 ft agl49 ft agl min to max 376 ft agl 49 376 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.8 °11.0 ° min to max 12.4 ° 12.0 11.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 372 ft agl · 74 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 03 LIKO Guglielmo Zamboni.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.4 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.5 -0.2 °
100 % Average speed 83 kt74 kt min to max 86 kt 74 86 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 2.0 ° 0.8 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.89 g min to max 1.07 g 0.96 0.99 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,055 fpm691 fpm min to max 1,390 fpm 895 1,179 fpm
Info Average altitude 659 ft agl390 ft agl min to max 958 ft agl 390 958 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.9 °8.7 ° min to max 13.0 ° 11.2 11.1 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north east of LIKO Guglielmo Zamboni (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Climbing from 1,089 ft asl to 10,158 ft asl, an increase of 9,069 ft in 12 minutes and covering 19 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 85 kt67 kt min to max 103 kt 86 98 kt
100 % Average bank angle 13.2 °0.0 ° min to max 29.9 ° 0.8 23.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.82 g min to max 1.36 g 0.99 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 631 fpm-1,026 fpm min to max 1,966 fpm 1,207 -481 fpm
Info Average altitude 6,529 ft asl1,089 ft asl min to max 10,228 ft asl 1,089 10,158 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 8.6 °0.7 ° min to max 18.0 ° 11.3 1.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 2,556 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 2,556 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 2,556 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,615 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,630 ft agl · 91 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 2,630 ft agl · 91 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 9,803 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 9,803 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 9,888 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 9,888 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 9,919 ft agl · 95 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 9,919 ft agl · 95 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 10,173 ft agl · 94 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 10,183 ft agl · 95 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles east of LIVO Campo di Volo Ali Filanti Voltana (Emilia-Romagna, Italy) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,008 ft of 10,063 ft asl10,018 ft asl min to max 10,150 ft asl 10,150 10,022 ft asl
100 % Average speed 110 kt100 kt min to max 115 kt 100 114 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.5 °0.0 ° min to max 23.6 ° 23.0 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.98 g min to max 1.14 g 1.05 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °0.6 ° min to max 3.2 ° 1.2 1.5 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 10,062 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 10,057 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 10,030 ft agl · 135 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 10,030 ft agl · 135 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north west of Russi (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Descent from 10,020 ft asl to 4,060 ft asl, a decrease of 5,961 ft in 8 minutes and covering 12 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 131 kt114 kt min to max 135 kt 114 131 kt
100 % Average bank angle 18.2 °0.1 ° min to max 25.0 ° 0.2 18.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.83 g min to max 1.19 g 1.01 1.11 g
Info Average VSI -734 fpm-838 fpm min to max 11 fpm -5 -95 fpm
Info Average altitude 5,936 ft asl4,060 ft asl min to max 10,021 ft asl 10,020 4,060 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.8 °-2.3 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.6 1.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 9,980 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 9,980 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 4,026 ft agl · 144 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 4,026 ft agl · 144 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south of Forli (Emilia-Romagna, Italy) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±703 ft of 4,043 ft asl3,923 ft asl min to max 4,063 ft asl 4,062 3,923 ft asl
100 % Average speed 121 kt115 kt min to max 129 kt 129 121 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.6 °0.2 ° min to max 14.9 ° 13.0 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.08 g 1.03 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °-1.0 ° min to max 2.4 ° 1.3 -1.0 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 3,949 ft agl · 124 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 3,949 ft agl · 124 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started overhead Forlimpopoli (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Descent from 3,834 ft asl to 3,090 ft asl, a decrease of 744 ft in 2 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 125 kt123 kt min to max 126 kt 124 123 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.8 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -446 fpm-541 fpm min to max -292 fpm -481 -313 fpm
Info Average altitude 3,435 ft asl3,090 ft asl min to max 3,834 ft asl 3,834 3,090 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-1.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° -0.9 0.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of Cesena (Emilia-Romagna, Italy) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±652 ft of 3,021 ft asl3,009 ft asl min to max 3,045 ft asl 3,041 3,045 ft asl
100 % Average speed 117 kt101 kt min to max 121 kt 121 101 kt
100 % Average bank angle 16.8 °0.3 ° min to max 25.1 ° 1.2 1.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.91 g min to max 1.14 g 1.04 0.91 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °-1.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° 1.3 -1.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2,904 ft agl · 125 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2,917 ft agl · 119 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 2,925 ft agl · 110 kt
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south east of Cesena (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). Descent from 2,993 ft asl to 1,320 ft asl, a decrease of 1,673 ft in 3 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 90 kt82 kt min to max 105 kt 100 82 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 8.2 ° 8.2 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.88 g min to max 1.10 g 1.00 1.07 g
Info Average VSI -517 fpm-1,087 fpm min to max -11 fpm -417 -581 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,853 ft asl1,320 ft asl min to max 2,993 ft asl 2,993 1,320 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.5 °-5.4 ° min to max 2.0 ° -1.6 -1.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 1,545 ft agl · 95 kt
Arrival Final 4 98.48Approaching runway 30 at LIPK Forlì Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,215 ft agl to 944 ft agl. A decrease of 272 ft in 45 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.9 °2.9 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 76 kt73 kt min to max 80 kt 80 73 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.5 -0.3 °
92 % Average bank angle 1.5 °0.1 ° min to max 5.8 ° 5.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.88 g min to max 1.14 g 0.98 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -362 fpm-654 fpm min to max -216 fpm -425 -216 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,079 ft agl944 ft agl min to max 1,215 ft agl 1,215 944 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-2.6 ° min to max 1.8 ° -1.8 0.5 °
33.253.53.7548509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-110-83-55-280285583110Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 3 99.63Approaching runway 30 at LIPK Forlì Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 940 ft agl to 668 ft agl. A decrease of 271 ft in 45 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.1 °3.0 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 3.2 °
100 % Average speed 76 kt72 kt min to max 80 kt 73 78 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.3 0.1 °
98 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 3.7 ° 1.8 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.87 g min to max 1.14 g 0.99 0.94 g
Info Average VSI -347 fpm-607 fpm min to max -185 fpm -231 -309 fpm
Info Average altitude 813 ft agl668 ft agl min to max 940 ft agl 940 668 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-3.2 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.3 -1.3 °
22.252.52.7536006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-90-68-45-23023456890Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 100.00Approaching runway 30 at LIPK Forlì Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 662 ft agl to 318 ft agl. A decrease of 344 ft in 43 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.9 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 78 kt75 kt min to max 82 kt 78 75 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.7 ° 0.4 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.88 g min to max 1.20 g 0.94 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -476 fpm-773 fpm min to max -135 fpm -380 -230 fpm
Info Average altitude 479 ft agl318 ft agl min to max 662 ft agl 662 318 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.8 °-4.3 ° min to max 0.8 ° -2.1 0.1 °
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-70-53-35-18018355370Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 99.81Approaching runway 30 at LIPK Forlì Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 314 ft agl to 42 ft agl. A decrease of 272 ft in 37 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.6 ° min to max 3.3 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 2.6 °
100 % Average speed 77 kt74 kt min to max 79 kt 75 74 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.1 °
99 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° 0.4 2.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.93 g min to max 1.05 g 0.98 1.05 g
Info Average VSI -466 fpm-591 fpm min to max -242 fpm -242 -571 fpm
Info Average altitude 105 ft agl42 ft agl min to max 314 ft agl 314 42 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-2.7 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -1.5 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 99.79Landing on runway 30 at LIPK Forlì Airport, runway length 2,403 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 74 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 74 kt. Target 70 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.03 m left0.03 m left to 0.02 m left 0.03 0.02 m
98 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.5 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.10 g 1.05 0.96 g
Info Average speed 65 kt56 kt min to max 74 kt 74 56 kt
Info Average VSI -260 fpm-569 fpm min to max -60 fpm -569 -131 fpm
Info Average altitude 13 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 40 ft agl 40 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °-1.4 ° min to max 4.7 ° -1.4 4.0 °
07515022530037501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 99.70Touchdown distance was good at 366 m. Touchdown speed at 56 kt was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -131 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 24 °C. .
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Touchdown rate was -131 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 366 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 56 ktTarget below 69 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.72 m left1.71 m left 1.69 1.72 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g0.96 g min to max 1.16 g 0.96 1.06 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 56 kt55 kt min to max 56 kt 56 55 kt
Info Average pitch angle 4.2 °4.0 ° min to max 4.4 ° 4.0 4.4 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 599 m, 25 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 599 m25 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 1.73 m left1.73 m left to 0.00 m left 1.73 0.39 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.06 g 1.06 1.01 g
Info Average speed 53 kt32 kt min to max 56 kt 56 32 kt
Info Average pitch angle 4.0 °0.7 ° min to max 6.3 ° 4.6 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.4 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 19 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 18 kt12 kt min to max 25 kt 25 12 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °0.7 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.7 0.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.01 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 67 kt with 6.7° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

90 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF6.7° off12° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 42 kt 1.5° 0 s
Liftoff202 m · target 60 67 kt 6.7° 7.3 s
35 ft297 m · 2.8 s after liftoff 70 kt 11.9° 10.1 s
End of Climb 32,341 m · 958 ft 86 kt 11.1° 63 s

Takeoff from LIKO 03

Takeoff roll100.00
237m35 %
Liftoff speed100.00
67kttarget 60, 7 fast
Runway alignment90.08
5.77m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb100.00
745fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 958 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 348 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,030 fpm on average to 958 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 67 ktSCALE CHANGES1.7 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 678 m runway.

Rolled from 32 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 5.8 m at the widest, and lifted off 5.1 m left. Airborne 34 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

100200300400500600THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 5.76 m LROLL 32 M INAirborne 234 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 234 m of 678 m · 35 %
Behind the start of the roll, 32 mTakeoff roll, 202 m Left ahead, 443 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to LIPK 30

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 60 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,2677013632221,000 ft gate7 of 71,008 ft · 78 kt500 ft gate7 of 7541 ft · 82 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 5× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 79 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR201 m L0201 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND63 m R4 m L8 m L5 m R31 m R5 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 37 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 22 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between −1 kt and +10 kt on the approach speed of 73 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 73+10 kt+7 kt+4 kt+2 kt+2 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on LIPK 30

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
39ft
Threshold speed100.00
74kttarget 73, 1 fast
Centreline offset100.00
0.03m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
366m
Centreline100.00
1.72m L
Speed100.00
56kttarget 71 or less
Touchdown rate98.78
-164fpm
Impact100.00
1.16G
BouncesOk
None
The flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

The crosswind

Calm: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 57 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 11 s, an average deceleration of 0.15 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608030 kt · 250 mtouchdown260 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 39 ft, 11 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 366 m in, 61 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

39 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −164 fpm · 4° nose up · 56 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 39 ft, down at 366 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 540 fpm at 39 ft to 160 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.4° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−2°4°10°touchdown−164 fpm at touchdown4° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,403 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 1.7 m left of the centreline, and stayed within 1.7 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 366 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 366 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 583 m of 2,403 m · 24 %
In the air over the runway, 366 mRollout, 217 m Left over, 1,819 m
Rollout distance100.00
217m24 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
1.73m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with a departure roll from runway 03 at LIKO Guglielmo Zamboni, a small airfield in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The Tecnam P2006T MKII aircraft accelerated down the runway, reaching a liftoff speed of 68 knots in a relatively short distance of 204 meters, which is just 30% of the runway's length.

As the aircraft climbed away from the airfield, it began its enroute climb, starting approximately 1 mile northeast of LIKO Guglielmo Zamboni. The climb was steep, with the aircraft rising from an initial altitude of 1,089 feet above sea level to 10,158 feet in just 12 minutes, covering a distance of 19 nautical miles. This impressive climb rate allowed the aircraft to quickly gain altitude and establish a steady cruise altitude.

The enroute level cruise phase began approximately 2 miles east of LIVO Campo di Volo Ali Filanti Voltana, another airfield in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. During this 5-minute period, the aircraft maintained a steady altitude of 10,158 feet, covering a distance of 11 nautical miles. This brief cruise phase allowed the pilot to stabilize the aircraft and prepare for the next phase of the flight.

As the aircraft approached its destination, it began its enroute descent, starting approximately 1 mile northwest of Russi, a town in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The descent was gradual, with the aircraft losing 5,961 feet in altitude over a period of 8 minutes, covering a distance of 12 nautical miles. This controlled descent allowed the pilot to maintain a safe rate of descent and avoid any turbulence or other hazards.

The enroute level cruise phase was repeated several times throughout the flight, with the aircraft maintaining a steady altitude and speed as it navigated through the region. These brief cruise phases allowed the pilot to stabilize the aircraft and prepare for the next phase of the flight.

As the aircraft approached its final destination, LIPK Forlì Airport, it began its final approach to runway 30. The approach was from the southeast, with the aircraft flying at a heading of 296.0 degrees and an altitude of 1,215 feet above ground level. The pilot maintained a steady speed and altitude, aligning the aircraft with the runway and preparing for touchdown.

The landing was smooth and controlled, with the aircraft touching down on the runway at a speed of 56 knots. The touchdown distance was good, at 364 meters, and the runway touchdown alignment was very good. The pilot maintained a smooth rate of descent, with the aircraft touching down at a rate of -131 feet per minute.

The total landing distance was 599 meters, which is just 25% of the runway's length. The runway rollout alignment was perfect, with the aircraft coming to a stop in a straight line. The total flight distance was 62 nautical miles, and the flight used 20 kilograms of fuel. The local weather conditions were favorable, with a temperature of 24 degrees Celsius.

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