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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Maintain the centreline
See Departure Roll
A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 13 stages, 11 in the score
Events
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 66 kt with 7.5° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 87 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 2,320 ft of runway left.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 5,632 ft runway.
Rolled from 997 ft in, drifted left of the centreline, 9 ft at the widest, and lifted off 10 ft left, in 8 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 39 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.
Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 1.3 nm out at 126 kt
The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.
Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded
The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.
Lost marks: scored 55.
Low on downwind: 877 ft against 1,000 ft, 123 ft below.
Descending on downwind. Power comes back abeam, the aircraft isn't re-trimmed, your eyes are outside judging the turn point, and 100 ft leaks away before base. Shows up as a low gate 2, and everything after it is a scramble.
Read more in Pattern WorkSteep: 41° of bank.
Bank angle in the pattern is conventionally kept to 20 to 30 degrees, and the base-to-final turn is where that convention earns its keep. Stall speed rises with bank because the wing must produce more lift in a turn. Roughly 7 per cent higher at 30 degrees, about 19 per cent at 45, and around 40 per cent at 60. At 65 kt on base you don't have much margin to spend steepening a turn to salvage an overshoot.
Read more in Pattern WorkThe final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
High from 0.8 nm, where the final began, to 0.4 nm (up to 270 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 800 ft right of the centreline at 0.8 nm.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 0.8 nm, where the final began, to 0.3 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +19 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
6 kt across from the left, which takes about 5° of crab to hold the centreline at 72 kt. Touched down with the nose 3° right of the track, away from the wind, wings level.
Wind 314° at 12 kt · 5 kt tail · 6 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 37 ft, 13 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,339 ft in, 339 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 620 fpm at 35 ft to 70 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.1° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 5,632 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 9 ft of it down the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 1,339 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.05 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a departure roll from runway 08 at KLCI Laconia Municipal Airport, where the Mooney Ovation M20R aircraft took off with a takeoff distance of 1,260 ft, which is 22% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 66 kt, and the aircraft was able to lift off the ground quickly.
As the aircraft entered the local airspace, it encountered a temperature of 91 °F and a wind of 12 kt at 312 °, resulting in a crosswind of 10 kt and a tailwind of 5 kt. The pilot navigated the aircraft through a left-hand pattern entry from runway 08, completing the maneuver in less than 1 nm in 47 seconds.
The aircraft then proceeded to the downwind leg of the pattern, covering a distance of 2 nm in 61 seconds. The base leg turn was completed in 1 nm, with an angle to the runway of 45 degrees and a turn angle of 6.6 °. The final approach to runway 08 was made from the southwest, with a heading of 62.0 ° at 0 nm and an altitude of 303 ft above ground level.
The landing on runway 08 was successful, with a threshold speed that was well above the target at 87 kt. The touchdown distance was good at 1,330 ft, and the touchdown speed was 72 kt, which was within the acceptable range. The touchdown rate was excellent at -75 fpm, and the runway touchdown alignment was perfect.
The local weather conditions during the landing were a temperature of 90 °F and a wind of 12 kt at 313 °, resulting in a crosswind of 11 kt and a tailwind of 5 kt. The total landing distance was 2,395 ft, which is 43% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was very good, indicating a smooth and controlled descent.
The total flight distance was 4 nm, and the flight duration was 5 minutes. The aircraft used -1 lb of fuel during the flight, indicating a slight decrease in fuel weight. Overall, the flight was a successful and controlled operation, with the pilot demonstrating excellent flying skills and adherence to standard procedures.
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