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KLGA
New York, United States
Runway 31
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight79,951 kg
Fuel9,984 kg
Wind302° · 7 kn

Flight Score

98.87 %
KMIA
Miami, United States
Runway 08R
Elevation7 ft asl
Weight71,578 kg
Fuel1,339 kg
Wind29° · 13 kn · 11 kn cross
27 Oct 2026 2:58 1064 nm Airbus A321ceo 8,645 kg
Departure Score
97.69 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
98.91 %

What went well

Rollout held the centreline in a 10 kn crosswind — 0.77 m off at taxi speed
Touched down at -130 fpm — a soft arrival
Threshold crossed at 49 ft and 146 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, Strobe Lights at 0 %, −0.77 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 718 m at 71 %, −0.29 points
Arrival Landing — bank angle up to 5.1 ° at 94 %, −0.08 points

Next time

Departure

Hold the nose down until the speed reaches 158 kt, then rotate.

What happened: You started the rotation at 140 kt, 18 kt before the 158 kt rotation speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 158 kt at rotation

See Departure Roll

Arrival

Hold the approach aim point and let the aircraft settle onto 457 m instead of holding it off in the flare.

What happened: Touchdown point came 261 m past the target, landing at 718 m against the 457 m aim point, with threshold speed and the flare both within limits.

Watch for: Touchdown distance marker: 457 m from the threshold.

See Arrival Touchdown

A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 21 stages, 16 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 17 minutes and covered 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 9 kt0 kt min to max 19 kt 4 9 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 8 ktmax 8 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-1.6 ° min to max 0.6 ° -0.2 0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.0 0.5 °

Events

Info Engine 2 Started 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 8 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 8 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 8 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 8 ft agl · 10 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport, Average speed was 15 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 9 kt0 kt min to max 12 kt 9 0 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-1.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.4 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.4 0.5 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g
Departure Roll 88.46Departure roll runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport. Takeoff distance 1,511 m 71 % of runway. Rotation speed was 140 kt. Local weather - Temperature 20 °C. Wind 7 kt at 301 °. Crosswind: 0 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,511 m71 % of runway
92 % Rotation speed was 140 ktTarget 158 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.15 m left2.15 m left to 0.57 m right 0.12 2.15 m
100.00 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.16 g 1.00 0.99 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-0.4 ° min to max 6.3 ° -0.4 6.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.6 0.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 31 KLGA LaGuardia Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.2 °
100 % Average speed 166 kt158 kt min to max 172 kt 158 172 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g0.99 g min to max 1.11 g 0.99 1.08 g
Info Average VSI 535 fpm162 fpm min to max 932 fpm 162 932 fpm
Info Average altitude 11 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 32 ft agl 0 32 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.2 °6.4 ° min to max 9.0 ° 6.4 9.0 °

Events

Info Strobe Lights Switched On 13 ft agl · 162 kt
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 31 KLGA LaGuardia Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.3 °
100 % Average speed 173 kt172 kt min to max 175 kt 172 174 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g1.01 g min to max 1.16 g 1.08 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 1,313 fpm944 fpm min to max 3,056 fpm 944 3,056 fpm
Info Average altitude 70 ft agl33 ft agl min to max 298 ft agl 33 298 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.4 °9.1 ° min to max 14.4 ° 9.1 14.0 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 123 ft agl · 175 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 123 ft agl · 175 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 31 KLGA LaGuardia Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 175 kt175 kt min to max 176 ktTarget 168 kt, 7 kt fast 175 176 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 0.99 g 0.97 0.98 g
100 % Landing gear up at 74 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -0.3 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.3 -0.4 °
Info Average VSI 3,231 fpm3,136 fpm min to max 3,279 fpm 3,136 3,279 fpm
Info Average altitude 613 ft agl347 ft agl min to max 880 ft agl 347 880 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 14.0 °13.9 ° min to max 14.1 ° 13.9 14.0 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile south east of Port Morris (New York, United States). Climbing from 953 ft asl to 33,996 ft asl, an increase of 33,043 ft in 25 minutes and covering 161 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 272 kt177 kt min to max 297 kt 177 269 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.7 °0.0 ° min to max 36.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100.00 % Average g force 1.03 g0.85 g min to max 1.33 g 0.98 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 1,427 fpm-17 fpm min to max 3,323 fpm 3,285 151 fpm
Info Average altitude 18,770 ft asl953 ft asl min to max 33,996 ft asl 953 33,996 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.5 °2.3 ° min to max 14.0 ° 14.0 3.4 °
Info Turn coordination -1-18 min to max 5 1 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 2,397 ft agl · 186 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2,740 ft agl · 220 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2,823 ft agl · 233 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 7,898 ft agl · 284 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 10,195 ft agl · 294 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles east of Laurel (Delaware, United States) and lasted 88 minutes, covering 671 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,200 ft of 34,016 ft asl33,987 ft asl min to max 34,035 ft asl 34,008 34,016 ft asl
100 % Average speed 266 kt261 kt min to max 270 kt 268 262 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.8 °0.0 ° min to max 20.5 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 0-6 min to max 6 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °2.9 ° min to max 3.6 ° 3.4 3.2 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 57 miles north west of MYAW Walkers Cay Airport Walkers Cay (Grand Cay District, Bahamas). Descent from 34,010 ft asl to 3,060 ft asl, a decrease of 30,950 ft in 27 minutes and covering 157 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 241 kt209 kt min to max 274 kt 263 211 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.2 °0.0 ° min to max 25.1 ° 0.0 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.83 g min to max 1.13 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -977 fpm-2,528 fpm min to max 124 fpm -23 -357 fpm
Info Average altitude 12,989 ft asl3,060 ft asl min to max 34,014 ft asl 34,010 3,060 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °-1.3 ° min to max 5.3 ° 3.2 2.2 °
Info Turn coordination 0-14 min to max 14 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 9,617 ft agl · 291 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 5,508 ft agl · 246 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 7 miles south west of X46 Opa Locka West Miami (Florida, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±650 ft of 2,996 ft asl2,715 ft asl min to max 3,011 ft asl 3,005 2,715 ft asl
100 % Average speed 210 kt199 kt min to max 212 kt 209 199 kt
100 % Average bank angle 20.4 °0.0 ° min to max 25.1 ° 1.7 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.94 g min to max 1.13 g 1.02 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination -7-14 min to max 1 1 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °0.4 ° min to max 3.9 ° 3.2 0.4 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 7 miles north west of Kendall West (Florida, United States). Descent from 2,497 ft asl to 1,427 ft asl, a decrease of 1,070 ft in 2 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 191 kt188 kt min to max 199 kt 199 189 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.6 °0.0 ° min to max 30.1 ° 0.0 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g1.00 g min to max 1.17 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -704 fpm-1,270 fpm min to max -126 fpm -1,270 -126 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,865 ft asl1,427 ft asl min to max 2,497 ft asl 2,497 1,427 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-0.8 ° min to max 2.3 ° 1.0 1.2 °
Info Turn coordination -2-16 min to max 3 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 2,356 ft agl · 209 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 2,243 ft agl · 204 kt
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 4 miles north west of Tamiami (Florida, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±571 ft of 1,393 ft asl1,272 ft asl min to max 1,425 ft asl 1,425 1,272 ft asl
100 % Average speed 167 kt154 kt min to max 193 kt 189 156 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.6 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 1 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °1.1 ° min to max 6.1 ° 1.2 1.4 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,393 ft agl · 161 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 1,382 ft agl · 161 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreFinal approach to runway 08R at KMIA Miami International Airport. Descent from 1,297 ft agl to 52 ft agl in 99 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1,219 ft agl · 160 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 1,139 ft agl · 160 kt
Arrival Landing (GA) 93.89Not counted in the flight scoreLanding on runway 08R at KMIA Miami International Airport, runway length 3,211 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 143 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 143 kt. Target 141 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
77 % The flare wandered off the target profile. The flare took the sink out 26 ft agl above the runway and the aircraft flew down from there. Touchdown was 718 m past the threshold. Let it come lower before checking the descent - holding off high uses runway and leaves the touchdown to chance.
100 % Runway alignment max 3.24 m right3.04 m right to 3.24 m right -3.05 -3.24 m
96 % Average bank angle 4.2 °3.3 ° min to max 4.6 ° 3.3 4.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.19 g1.18 g min to max 1.20 g 1.20 1.18 g
Info Average speed 143 kt143 kt min to max 143 kt 143 143 kt
Info Average VSI -154 fpm-298 fpm min to max -26 fpm -298 -26 fpm
Info Average altitude 21 ft agl21 ft agl min to max 23 ft agl 23 21 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.7 °6.4 ° min to max 6.9 ° 6.9 6.4 °
Go-around Go-Around runway 08R at KMIA Miami International Airport at 49 ft agl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 180 kt140 kt min to max 221 kt 143 148 kt
100 % Average bank angle 8.2 °0.0 ° min to max 25.1 ° 4.6 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.88 g min to max 1.24 g 1.13 0.97 g
Info Average altitude 1,736 ft agl49 ft agl min to max 3,978 ft agl 49 1,289 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °-2.1 ° min to max 17.7 ° 6.4 0.5 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 4 122 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 151 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 151 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 212 ft agl · 159 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,175 ft agl · 181 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2,524 ft agl · 204 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2,803 ft agl · 215 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3,983 ft agl · 234 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 2,490 ft agl · 230 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 2,390 ft agl · 226 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,507 ft agl · 172 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 1,412 ft agl · 161 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1,429 ft agl · 161 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 1,325 ft agl · 161 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 08R at KMIA Miami International Airport. Descent from 1,319 ft agl to 78 ft agl in 100 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates
Arrival Landing 98.81Landing on runway 08R at KMIA Miami International Airport, runway length 3,211 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 146 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 146 kt. Target 141 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
98 % The flare tracked the target profile closely. The aircraft floated down the runway before touching. Touchdown was 718 m past the threshold. Threshold speed was not the cause here - hold the aim point on the approach and let the aircraft settle rather than holding it off, and the touchdown comes back to the numbers.
100 % Runway alignment max 6.56 m right3.80 m right to 6.56 m right -3.97 -6.14 m
94 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.0 ° min to max 5.1 ° 1.6 2.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.07 g 1.03 1.02 g
Info Average speed 138 kt125 kt min to max 146 kt 146 125 kt
Info Average VSI -326 fpm-523 fpm min to max -152 fpm -523 -152 fpm
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl-2 ft agl min to max 49 ft agl 49 -2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °2.0 ° min to max 8.3 ° 2.2 8.3 °
07515022530037545052560067575082501223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525600675750825-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 95.72Touchdown point was 295 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 125 kt was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -130 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.4 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 24 °C. Wind 10 kt at 30 °. Crosswind: 8 kt Headwind: 5 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -130 fpm.
71 % Touchdown distance was 718 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 125 ktTarget below 137 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 6.42 m right6.31 m right -6.14 -6.42 m
100 % Average bank angle 2.0 °1.2 ° min to max 2.5 ° 2.5 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g1.01 g min to max 1.08 g 1.02 1.07 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 125 kt124 kt min to max 125 kt 125 124 kt
Info Average pitch angle 8.3 °8.2 ° min to max 8.3 ° 8.3 8.2 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 2,089 m, 65 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 2,089 m65 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 3.87 m left3.87 m left to 0.00 m left 2.28 0.77 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.07 g 1.06 1.00 g
Info Average speed 90 kt62 kt min to max 122 kt 122 62 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.8 °-0.4 ° min to max 8.6 ° 8.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 1.0 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 54 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 50 kt18 kt min to max 61 kt 61 19 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-1.2 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 4 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 9 kt0 kt min to max 19 kt 19 3 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.6 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 4 9 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 9 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 3 9 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 2 9 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 9 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 9 ft agl
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 9 ft agl

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 140 kt, 18 kt below the 158 kt target, and lifted off at 158 kt 5.2 s later, the nose coming up at 1.1° a second. Climb 3 averaged 175 kt, 7 kt over its 168 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 168180 kt12060020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 1586.4° off · 1.1°/s9° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 13 kt 0.2° 0 s
80 kt276 m 80 kt 0.0° 11.8 s
Rotate1,036 m · target 158 140 kt 0.7° 25.9 s
Liftoff1,420 m · +18 kt from rotation 158 kt 6.4° 31.1 s
35 ft1,863 m · 5.4 s after liftoff 172 kt 9.2° 36.5 s
Gear up2,019 m · 74 ft · full marks to 400 ft 174 kt 11.0° 38.3 s
Climb 32,610 m · 347 ft to 880 ft · target 168 175 kt avg 13.9° 45.5 s
End of Climb 33,467 m · 880 ft 176 kt 14.0° 55.9 s

Takeoff from KLGA 31

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
1,511m71 %
Rotation speed92.28
140kttarget 158, 18 slow
Liftoff speed
158kt
Runway alignment100.00
2.15m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
74ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
175kttarget 168
Rate of climb100.00
535fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 880 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 174 m of runway left; gear up at 74 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,130 fpm on average to 880 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3175 kt avgtarget 168THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 140 kttarget 158Liftoff 158 ktGear up 74 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,131 m runway.

Rolled from 94 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 2.3 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.3 m left. Airborne 71 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 2.25 m LROLL 94 M INAirborne 1,514 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,514 m of 2,131 m · 71 %
Behind the start of the roll, 94 mTakeoff roll, 1,420 m Left ahead, 617 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate740 fpm790 fpm
On glideslope3.0°3.1°
On centreline0.0° off0.1° off
On speed+1.9 kt−0.7 kt
Wings level0° bank1° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KMIA 08R

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 30 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,2916973751991,000 ft gate7 of 71,033 ft · 143 kt500 ft gate7 of 7549 ft · 140 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 45× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 8 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR21 m L021 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND4 m R7 m L6 m L8 m L1 m R4 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 35 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between −3 kt and +11 kt on the approach speed of 141 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

140160180200 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 141+11 kt+4 kt+6 kt−1 kt+5 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KMIA 08R

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
49ft
Threshold speed100.00
146kttarget 141, 5 fast
Centreline offset100.00
6.56m R

Touchdown

Past threshold71.50
718m
Centreline100.00
6.42m R
Speed100.00
125kttarget 137 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-130fpm
Impact100.00
1.08G
BouncesOk
None
The flare97.61

The flare tracked the target profile closely. The aircraft floated down the runway before touching. Touchdown was 718 m past the threshold. Threshold speed was not the cause here - hold the aim point on the approach and let the aircraft settle rather than holding it off, and the touchdown comes back to the numbers.

The crosswind

10 kt across from the left, which takes about 5° of crab to hold the centreline at 125 kt. Touched down with 3° of it still on, 3° of bank.

Wind 029° at 13 kt · 7 kt head · 10 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 123 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 43 s, an average deceleration of 0.11 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012060 kt · 1,398 m30 kt · 1,727 mtouchdown1,796 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 2,173 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 49 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 30 ft. Touched down 718 m in, 413 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 2,173 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

49 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 30 ft · −456 fpm · 2.6° · 145 ktdescent slowed at 0 ft · −129 fpm · 8.3°−129 fpm · 8.3° nose up · 125 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 49 ft, down at 718 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 460 fpm at the flare to 130 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.7° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−129 fpm at touchdown8.3° at touchdown, +5.7° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 2,173 m of the 3,211 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 6.4 m right of the centreline, and steered back to 0.6 m left by the end of the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 10 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 718 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 718 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 2,051 m of 3,211 m · 64 %
In the air over the runway, 718 mRollout, 1,333 m Left over, 1,161 m
Rollout distance100.00
1,333m64 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
3.87m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Airbus A321ceo taxied from the parking area to the runway for 17 minutes, covering 3 nm, and departed from runway 31 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport. Take-off used 1,511 m of runway (71 % of runway). Rotation was at 140 kt. Local weather was 20 °C with wind 7 kt from 301°, giving a 7 kt headwind and 0 kt crosswind.

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 23 seconds, averaging 1,978 fpm and reaching 176 kt at the top. The climb continued from 953 ft asl to 33,996 ft asl in 25 minutes, covering 161 nm, beginning 1 mile south-east of Port Morris. Level flight was held at 34,000 ft asl for 88 minutes, covering 671 nm, beginning 3 miles east of Laurel.

Descent from 34,010 ft asl to 1,272 ft asl lasted 31 minutes and covered 173 nm, beginning 57 miles north-west of MYAW Walkers Cay Airport, with brief level-offs at 3,000 ft asl and 1,400 ft asl.

On final approach to runway 08R at KMIA Miami International Airport, the aircraft descended from 1,297 ft agl to 52 ft agl in 99 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level. Configuration was final flap position 5 at 1,139 ft agl, speed 160 kt.

A go-around was executed on runway 08R at KMIA at 49 ft agl.

A second final approach to runway 08R descended from 1,319 ft agl to 78 ft agl in 100 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft were again met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level. Configuration remained final flap position 5 at 1,139 ft agl, speed 160 kt.

Landing on runway 08R (runway length 3,211 m) had a good threshold height and a threshold speed of 146 kt. The flare was described as excellent; the aircraft floated before touchdown. Touchdown occurred 295 m beyond the touchdown zone at 125 kt, with a smooth rate of -130 fpm. The touchdown point was slightly misaligned by 6.4 m from the centreline. Local weather was 24 °C with wind 10 kt from 030°, giving a 5 kt headwind and 8 kt crosswind. No bounce occurred. Total landing distance was 2,089 m (65 % of runway) and rollout alignment was very good.

The aircraft taxied to the parking area from the runway for 4 minutes, covering less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 1,064 nm in 178 minutes and used 8,645 kg of fuel.

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