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KLGA
New York, United States
Runway 22
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight147,214 kg
Fuel75,684 kg
Wind180° · 13 kn · 7 kn cross

Flight Score

82.55 %
KJFK
New York, United States
Runway 31L
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight145,018 kg
Fuel73,217 kg
Wind180° · 13 kn · 11 kn cross
12 Jul 2026 0:14 53 nm B-2 Spirit 2,467 kg
Departure Score
95.60 %
Enroute Score
83.67 %
Arrival Score
68.37 %

What went well

Held the centreline in a 10 kn crosswind — 0.36 m off at touchdown
Touched down at -151 fpm — a soft arrival
Flare on profile — 91 %

What held you back

Arrival Approach — GPWS warning; 1,000 ft gate 29 %, 500 ft gate 29 %, −4.76 points
Arrival Rollout — GPWS warning; Landing distance 3,263 m at 19 %, Runway alignment max 10.13 m right at 74 %, −3.23 points
Enroute Climb — 250 kt exceeded below 10,000 ft, then GPWS warning; bank angle up to 73.2 ° at 34 %, g force 0.64 to 2.74 g at 73 %, −1.95 points

Next time

Departure

Ease the back pressure on the yoke after rotation so the pitch change is smoother and g force stays lower.

What happened: During the initial climb the average g force reached 1.3 g, a high value for that phase.

Watch for: G meter: smooth, steady value in the normal climb band

See Departure Climb 1

Arrival

Reduce power earlier on final to bleed back to 161 kt well before the gate.

What happened: Approach was fast through the stabilisation gate, and the threshold was crossed at 201 kt against the 161 kt target. Carrying that extra speed in usually carries the touchdown long, which it did here at 1,556 m against the 457 m target.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 161 kt at the threshold

See Arrival ApproachArrival LandingArrival Touchdown

Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 17 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 5 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kt0 kt min to max 22 kt 0 7 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 ktmax 11 kt 0 7 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °0.8 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.6 1.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.1 0.3 °

Events

Info Engine 1 Stopped 6 ft agl · 10 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 6 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Engine 1 Stopped 6 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 6 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 6 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Engine 1 Stopped 6 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 6 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 6 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 6 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 6 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 6 ft agl · 3 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 22 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport, Average speed was 16 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 7 kt7 kt min to max 7 kt 7 7 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °1.6 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.6 1.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 81.64Departure roll runway 22 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport. Takeoff distance 2,045 m 96 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 148 kt. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 14 kt at 180 °. Crosswind: 8 kt Headwind: 12 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
17 % Takeoff distance 2,045 m96 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 148 ktTarget 145 kt
91 % Runway alignment max 5.42 m left5.42 m left to 0.18 m right -0.18 3.13 m
99.99 % Average g force 1.00 g0.86 g min to max 1.18 g 1.00 1.08 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-1.1 ° min to max 4.9 ° 1.8 4.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.2 0.0 °
Departure Climb 1 97.97Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 22 KLGA LaGuardia Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.1 -0.0 °
100 % Average speed 149 kt148 kt min to max 151 kt 148 151 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.4 °
80 % Average g force 1.34 g1.03 g min to max 1.65 g 1.05 1.28 g
Info Average VSI 873 fpm286 fpm min to max 1,531 fpm 286 1,531 fpm
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 50 ft agl 0 50 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 13.4 °5.4 ° min to max 16.9 ° 5.4 15.6 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 29 ft agl · 151 kt
Departure Climb 2 99.99Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 22 KLGA LaGuardia Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average speed 159 kt150 kt min to max 186 kt 151 186 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 3.8 ° 0.4 3.8 °
99.9 % Average g force 0.97 g0.74 g min to max 1.25 g 1.25 1.17 g
Info Average VSI 1,471 fpm662 fpm min to max 2,012 fpm 1,578 1,369 fpm
Info Average altitude 157 ft agl52 ft agl min to max 391 ft agl 52 391 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.7 °8.8 ° min to max 15.3 ° 15.3 11.1 °
Departure Climb 3 98.39Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 22 KLGA LaGuardia Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Climb speed 190 kt184 kt min to max 196 ktTarget 209 kt, 19 kt slow 184 196 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.9 °6.9 ° min to max 17.6 ° 6.9 17.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.08 g 1.08 0.95 g
100 % Landing gear up at 22 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -0.8 °-2.1 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -2.1 °
Info Average VSI 2,053 fpm1,637 fpm min to max 2,205 fpm 1,637 1,968 fpm
Info Average altitude 673 ft agl420 ft agl min to max 912 ft agl 420 912 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.2 °8.9 ° min to max 11.4 ° 11.2 8.9 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 528 ft agl · 192 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 528 ft agl · 192 kt
Enroute Level 99.54Enroute level cruise started overhead Woodside (New York, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
98 % Altitude held within ±549 ft of 1,421 ft asl804 ft asl min to max 1,824 ft asl 973 822 ft asl
100 % Average speed 290 kt197 kt min to max 404 kt 197 404 kt
100 % Average bank angle 15.0 °0.1 ° min to max 37.0 ° 17.8 25.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.85 g min to max 1.30 g 0.97 1.30 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °-4.1 ° min to max 8.7 ° 8.7 1.1 °

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 1,804 ft agl
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 985 ft agl · 402 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 810 ft agl · 413 kt
Enroute Climb 70.70Enroute climb started 1 mile south west of Financial District (New York, United States). Climbing from 843 ft asl to 4,795 ft asl, an increase of 3,952 ft in 2 minutes and covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 432 kt357 kt min to max 478 kt 408 357 kt
34 % Average bank angle 24.3 °0.1 ° min to max 73.2 ° 29.4 67.6 °
73 % Average g force 1.46 g0.64 g min to max 2.74 g 1.53 1.14 g
Info Average VSI 1,919 fpm-4,134 fpm min to max 13,544 fpm 1,016 3,787 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,377 ft asl83 ft asl min to max 4,795 ft asl 843 4,795 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °-6.6 ° min to max 16.1 ° 2.1 3.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 843 ft agl
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 955 ft agl · 459 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 120 ft agl · 483 kt
Enroute Descent 70.78Enroute descent started 1 mile south of Coney Island (New York, United States). Descent from 4,836 ft asl to 4,020 ft asl, a decrease of 816 ft in 2 minutes and covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 420 kt358 kt min to max 453 kt 358 450 kt
28 % Average bank angle 27.6 °1.4 ° min to max 76.1 ° 72.6 9.8 °
97 % Average g force 1.14 g0.83 g min to max 1.90 g 1.08 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -476 fpm-1,698 fpm min to max 2,838 fpm 2,838 1,890 fpm
Info Average altitude 4,255 ft asl3,852 ft asl min to max 4,868 ft asl 4,836 4,020 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.5 °-3.1 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.8 1.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 4,835 ft agl
Enroute Level 2 77.34Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south west of Atlantic Beach (New York, United States) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 10 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±703 ft of 4,518 ft asl4,052 ft asl min to max 4,628 ft asl 4,052 4,446 ft asl
100 % Average speed 371 kt304 kt min to max 449 kt 449 304 kt
49 % Average bank angle 39.4 °0.1 ° min to max 65.7 ° 6.0 52.5 °
79 % Average g force 1.39 g0.76 g min to max 2.25 g 1.05 1.36 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °-3.6 ° min to max 2.7 ° 1.1 -3.6 °

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 4,052 ft agl
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south of Lido Beach (New York, United States). Descent from 4,360 ft asl to 1,892 ft asl, a decrease of 2,469 ft in 1 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 292 kt271 kt min to max 303 kt 303 271 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.3 °0.0 ° min to max 12.2 ° 12.2 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.11 g 1.11 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -2,470 fpm-3,217 fpm min to max -1,833 fpm -2,511 -2,768 fpm
Info Average altitude 3,228 ft asl1,892 ft asl min to max 4,360 ft asl 4,360 1,892 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.1 °-5.6 ° min to max -2.8 ° -4.1 -4.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON 4,360 ft agl
Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 4,360 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3,938 ft agl · 317 kt
Info Engine 1 Stopped 3,798 ft agl · 315 kt
Arrival Approach 28.57Final approach to runway 31L at KJFK John F Kennedy International Airport. Descent from 1,882 ft agl to 35 ft agl in 45 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Gear downfailed at both gates
0 % Landing flapfailed at both gates
0 % Sink ratefailed at both gates
0 % On glideslopefailed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
0 % On speedfailed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 968 ft agl · 249 kt
Arrival Landing 85.71Landing on runway 31L at KJFK John F Kennedy International Airport, runway length 3,424 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was too high at 202 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
52 % Threshold speed was too high at 202 kt. Target 161 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
91 % The flare held the target profile well. Crossing the threshold 41 kt above target, the flare began at 10 ft agl above the runway, lower than this type wants. Touchdown was 1,556 m past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.
98 % Runway alignment max 6.77 m right1.97 m left to 6.77 m right -6.77 -0.20 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.8 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.07 g 1.03 1.02 g
Info Average speed 183 kt162 kt min to max 202 kt 202 162 kt
Info Average VSI -105 fpm-273 fpm min to max 27 fpm -273 -100 fpm
Info Average altitude 11 ft agl2 ft agl min to max 27 ft agl 27 2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.0 °3.1 ° min to max 4.7 ° 3.1 4.7 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Arrival Approach 968 ft agl · 249 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 10 ft agl · 167 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 29 ft agl · 202 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 12 ft agl · 185 kt
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,6501,7251,80001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,6501,7251,800-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 80.96Touchdown point was 1,151 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 162 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was good at -151 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 23 °C. Wind 10 kt at 190 °. Crosswind: 9 kt Tailwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99.8 % Touchdown rate was -151 fpm.
0 % Touchdown distance was 1,556 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 162 ktTarget below 157 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 0.39 m right0.33 m right -0.20 -0.36 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g1.02 g min to max 1.20 g 1.02 1.20 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 162 kt161 kt min to max 162 kt 162 161 kt
Info Average pitch angle 4.6 °4.6 ° min to max 4.7 ° 4.7 4.6 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Arrival Landing 10 ft agl · 167 kt
Arrival Rollout 51.58Total landing distance 3,263 m, 95 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 10.1 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
19 % Landing distance 3,263 m95 % of runway.
74 % Runway alignment max 10.13 m right7.78 m left to 10.13 m right -0.32 -4.23 m
99 % Average g force 0.99 g0.73 g min to max 1.41 g 1.13 1.00 g
Info Average speed 154 kt88 kt min to max 168 kt 168 88 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °-1.1 ° min to max 4.7 ° 4.6 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.3 0.2 °

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Arrival Landing 10 ft agl · 167 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 8 ft agl · 162 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 40 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 47 kt25 kt min to max 82 kt 82 25 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °0.4 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.6 1.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.1 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 95.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 11 kt4 kt min to max 24 kt 24 4 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °1.4 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.4 1.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Engine 2 Stopped 6 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Engine 3 Stopped 6 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Engine 4 Stopped 6 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 6 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Engine 3 Started 6 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Engine 4 Started 6 ft agl · 8 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 147 kt with 5.4° of pitch. Climb 3 averaged 190 kt, 19 kt under its 209 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 209210 kt14070020°10°0°LIFTOFF5.4° off17° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH020406080 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 17 kt 1.8° 0 s
80 kt345 m 80 kt 1.0° 17.2 s
Liftoff2,032 m · target 145 147 kt 5.4° 46.9 s
Gear up2,159 m · 22 ft · full marks to 400 ft 148 kt 16.9° 48.6 s
35 ft2,190 m · 2.2 s after liftoff 150 kt 16.6° 49.0 s
Climb 33,871 m · 421 ft to 913 ft · target 209 190 kt avg 11.2° 70 s
End of Climb 35,164 m · 913 ft 196 kt 8.9° 84 s

Takeoff from KLGA 22

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll16.90
2,045m96 %
Liftoff speed100.00
147kttarget 145, 2 fast
Runway alignment91.34
5.42m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
22ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed95.97
190kttarget 209
Rate of climb97.97
872fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 913 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft 74 m past the runway end; gear up at 22 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,480 fpm on average to 913 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3190 kt avgtarget 209THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 147 ktGear up 22 ftfull marks to 400 ftSCALE CHANGES3.0 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,135 m runway.

Rolled from 19 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 5.5 m at the widest, and lifted off 3.1 m left, in 7 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 97 % of the way down the runway, past the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS7 kn75 %widest 5.49 m LROLL 19 M INAirborne 2,050 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 2,050 m of 2,135 m · 96 %
Behind the start of the roll, 19 mTakeoff roll, 2,032 m Left ahead, 85 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 28.572 of 7500 ft 28.572 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate2,730 fpm4,090 fpm
On glideslope5.3°4.6°
On centreline0.2° off0.0° off
On speed+108 kt+82 kt
Wings level2° bank1° bank

At the 1,000 ft gate: gear still up, no landing flap set, sink rate more than 600 fpm beyond what the glideslope needed, glideslope more than 1° off the runway's 3° and speed more than 40 kt above the approach speed of 161 kt.

At the 500 ft gate: gear still up, no landing flap set, sink rate more than 600 fpm beyond what the glideslope needed, glideslope more than 1° off the runway's 3° and speed more than 24 kt above the approach speed of 161 kt.

When the approach was stable

Never every check met at once: gear up all the way, fast all the way, sinking too fast until 0.4 nm, low from 0.6 nm and right of the centreline from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KJFK 31L

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

High from 3.7 nm, where the final began, to 1.3 nm (up to 940 ft over), then back on it to 0.6 nm, then low to the threshold (up to 100 ft under).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,1584321181,000 ft gate2 of 7gear downlanding flapsink rateon glideslopeon speed1,828 ft · 269 kt500 ft gate2 of 7gear downlanding flapsink rateon glideslopeon speed827 ft · 243 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 12× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 3.7 nm, where the final began, to 0.3 nm, then 9 m right of it from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR82 m L082 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND1 m R6 m R9 m R11 m L3 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 40 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 24 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 3.7 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to +125 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

160200240280 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 161+85 kt+75 kt+60 kt+41 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KJFK 31L

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
26ft
Threshold speed52.45
201kttarget 161, 40 fast
Centreline offset97.85
6.77m R

Touchdown

Past threshold0.00
1,556m
Centreline100.00
0.39m R
Speed100.00
162kttarget 157, 5 fast
Touchdown rate99.82
-151fpm
Impact100.00
1.20G
Bounces80.00
1
The flare91.24

The flare held the target profile well. Crossing the threshold 41 kt above target, the flare began at 10 ft agl above the runway, lower than this type wants. Touchdown was 1,556 m past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.

The crosswind

10 kt across from the left, which takes about 4° of crab to hold the centreline at 163 kt. Touched down with 3° of it still on, wings level.

Wind 180° at 13 kt · 6 kt tail · 10 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 3,329 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 26 ft, 24 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 10 ft; ballooned 5 ft from 3 ft. Touched down 1,556 m in, 1,251 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 3,329 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

26 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT held off 846 m from the lowest point 80 ft400 Flare 10 ft · −267 fpm · 3.2° · 194 ktballooned +5 ft · from 3 ft to 8 ft−151 fpm · 4.7° nose up · 162 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 26 ft, down at 1,556 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 130 fpm before coming down at 150 fpm to touch. The nose came up 1.4° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−151 fpm at touchdown4.7° at touchdown, +1.4° from the flareclimbing 128 fpm
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 3,329 m of the 3,424 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 8.3 m right on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 10 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 1,556 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 1,556 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 1.20 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 3,207 m of 3,424 m · 94 %
In the air over the runway, 1,556 mRollout, 1,651 m Left over, 217 m
Rollout distance24.89
1,651m94 % used
Rollout alignment74.20
10.13m R

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Flight narrative

Departure from LaGuardia Airport (KLGA) commenced on runway 22, where the B‑2 Spirit achieved liftoff after a takeoff distance of 2,045 m, corresponding to 96 % of the available runway. The aircraft accelerated to a liftoff speed of 148 kt under local conditions of 29 °C, a 14 kt wind from 180°, with an 8 kt crosswind and a 12 kt headwind. Following departure, the aircraft entered a brief level cruise over Woodside, New York, maintaining altitude for 2 minutes while covering 8 nm before initiating a climb.

The climb began 1 mile southwest of the Financial District, New York, where the aircraft increased altitude from 843 ft ASL to 4,795 ft ASL, a gain of 3,952 ft achieved in 2 minutes over a distance of 11 nm. Descent commenced 1 mile south of Coney Island, New York, with a reduction from 4,836 ft ASL to 4,020 ft ASL, a loss of 816 ft in 2 minutes across 11 nm. A subsequent level cruise started 2 miles southwest of Atlantic Beach, New York, lasting 2 minutes and covering 15 nm before the aircraft entered final approach to runway 31L at John F Kennedy International Airport (KJFK). The approach path was from the southeast, heading 301.0°, at 3 nm and 1,836 ft AGL.

Landing on runway 31L at KJFK, the aircraft touched down 1,155 m beyond the touchdown zone at a speed of 162 kt, with a touchdown rate of –100 fpm and a runway alignment that was slightly misaligned by 12.1 m from the centreline. The touchdown speed was noted as excessively high at 202 kt, and the threshold speed was also high. The total landing distance was 3,263 m, representing 95 % of the runway length of 3,423 m. After touchdown, taxiing to the parking area required 1 minute and covered less than 1 nm. The entire flight covered a distance of 53 nm, consumed 2,467 kg of fuel, and took 14 minutes.

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