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The flight began with a taxiing period from the parking area to the runway, which took approximately 9 minutes and covered a distance of 2 nautical miles. The aircraft, a Cessna C172, then departed from runway 10 at Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport (LIMJ). The takeoff distance was 182 meters, which accounted for 7% of the runway length. The liftoff speed was 60 knots.
The local weather conditions at the time of takeoff were characterized by a temperature of 24 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 12 knots from a direction of 140 degrees. This resulted in a crosswind of 7 knots and a headwind of 10 knots. The aircraft entered a left-hand pattern from runway 10, covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile in 236 seconds.
As the aircraft continued its pattern, it encountered a crosswind from runway 10, which it navigated in a distance of less than 1 nautical mile in just 21 seconds. The pattern downwind turn covered a distance of 6 nautical miles, with an angle to the runway of 45 degrees and a turn angle of 7.4 degrees. The downwind leg itself was 2 nautical miles long and took 68 seconds to complete.
The base leg turn covered a distance of 5 nautical miles, with an angle to the runway of 45 degrees and a turn angle of 178.9 degrees. The aircraft then began its final approach to runway 28, which was located to the east and had a heading of 277.0 degrees. The aircraft was at an altitude of 1,022 feet above ground level (agl) and was 3 nautical miles from the runway.
Upon landing, the aircraft touched down 73 meters beyond the touchdown zone, with a touchdown speed of 63 knots. The touchdown rate was firm at -347 feet per minute (fpm), and the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.7 meters from the centerline. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 24 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 20 knots from a direction of 144 degrees, resulting in a crosswind of 13 knots and a tailwind of 16 knots.
The total landing distance was 849 meters, which accounted for 31% of the runway length. The runway rollout alignment was also misaligned by 15.4 meters from the centerline. The total flight distance was 10 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 15 minutes. Notably, the aircraft used no fuel during the flight.
Replay this flight in 3D — the full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 9 minutes and covered 2 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 15 kt 0 kt min to max 26 kt |
0 | 14 kt | |
| 10 % |
Average speed turning corners 15 kt max 24 kt |
0 | 0 kt | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 1.00 g min to max 1.00 g |
1.00 | 1.00 g | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 2.3 ° |
2.2 | 1.8 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° |
0.2 | 0.4 ° | |
| Info |
Battery Master On at 17:55:32 |
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| Info |
Engine 1 Started at 17:55:32 |
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| Info |
Beacon Lights Switched On at 17:55:32 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake On at 17:55:32 |
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| Info |
Taxi Lights Switched On at 17:56:53 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake Off at 17:57:37 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake On at 17:57:49 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake Off at 17:58:04 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 18:00:41 |
Entering runway 10 at LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport, Average speed was 22 kt.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| Info |
Average speed 21 kt 4 kt min to max 37 kt |
13 | 37 kt | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.6 ° 1.3 ° min to max 3.2 ° |
1.9 | 3.1 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° |
0.3 | 0.0 ° | |
| Info |
Average g force 0.99 g 0.98 g min to max 1.01 g |
1.01 | 0.99 g |
Departure roll runway 10 at LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport. Takeoff distance 182 m 7 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kt. Local weather - Temperature 24 °C. Wind 12 kt at 140 °. Crosswind: 7 kt Headwind: 10 kt.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Takeoff distance 182 m 7 % of runway |
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| 100 % |
Liftoff speed was 60 kt Target 65 kt |
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| 81.22 % |
Runway alignment max 8.20 m 0.00 m left to 8.20 m right |
-8.03 | -6.67 m | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 0.99 g 0.96 g min to max 1.05 g |
0.99 | 1.00 g | |
| 100 % |
Takeoff Bounce |
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| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.3 ° -1.8 ° min to max 6.4 ° |
3.1 | 6.4 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 3.7 ° 0.0 ° min to max 18.3 ° |
0.0 | 18.3 ° | |
| 0 % |
Landing Lights at 18:05:05 |
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| 0 % |
Strobe Lights at 18:05:06 |
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 10 LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 79.11 % |
Heading variation -0.5 ° -2.9 ° min to max 1.0 ° |
1.0 | -2.9 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 59 kt 57 kt min to max 60 kt |
60 | 58 kt | |
| 42.03 % |
Average bank angle 19.2 ° 2.9 ° min to max 24.0 ° |
18.6 | 2.9 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.25 g 1.01 g min to max 1.37 g |
1.01 | 1.10 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 821 fpm 406 fpm min to max 1,183 fpm |
406 | 1,183 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 17 ft agl 0 ft agl min to max 49 ft agl |
0 | 49 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 14.7 ° 6.8 ° min to max 19.3 ° |
6.8 | 19.0 ° |
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 10 LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 58 kt 57 kt min to max 58 kt |
58 | 57 kt | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 2.3 ° 0.5 ° min to max 4.6 ° |
1.8 | 4.6 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.09 g 1.09 g min to max 1.09 g |
1.09 | 1.09 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 1,241 fpm 1,198 fpm min to max 1,284 fpm |
1,198 | 1,284 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 54 ft agl 50 ft agl min to max 59 ft agl |
50 | 59 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 19.7 ° 19.2 ° min to max 20.2 ° |
19.2 | 20.2 ° |
Left hand pattern entry from runway 10 LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 236 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 95 kt 52 kt min to max 125 kt |
57 | 125 kt | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 5.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 23.1 ° |
5.4 | 5.7 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.73 g min to max 1.22 g |
1.09 | 1.16 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 289 fpm -1,700 fpm min to max 1,553 fpm |
1,296 | -1,553 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 715 ft agl 67 ft agl min to max 1,480 ft agl |
67 | 977 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 4.4 ° -8.3 ° min to max 20.3 ° |
20.3 | -4.5 ° | |
| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 18:05:24 |
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| Info |
Flaps Fully Retracted at 18:05:31 |
Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 10 LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 21 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 0 % |
Heading 32.7 ° -15.3 ° min to max 82.8 ° |
10.6 | 82.8 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 113 kt 100 kt min to max 125 kt |
125 | 121 kt | |
| 90.29 % |
Average g force 1.14 g 0.84 g min to max 1.42 g |
1.42 | 1.42 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -269 fpm -1,640 fpm min to max 1,276 fpm |
-1,102 | -298 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 1,003 ft agl 889 ft agl min to max 1,096 ft agl |
962 | 889 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 19.8 ° 2.1 ° min to max 29.6 ° |
6.4 | 29.4 ° | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.1 ° -8.1 ° min to max 8.6 ° |
-0.7 | 1.3 ° |
Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 6 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 7.4 °.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 0 % |
Angle to runway (45 degrees) 7.4 °. |
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| 100 % |
Average speed 98 kt 79 kt min to max 120 kt |
112 | 100 kt | |
| 73.28 % |
Average bank angle 19.7 ° 7.5 ° min to max 36.8 ° |
32.1 | 10.1 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.07 g 0.71 g min to max 1.42 g |
1.14 | 1.36 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -49 fpm -1,348 fpm min to max 1,699 fpm |
55 | -223 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 868 ft agl 746 ft agl min to max 937 ft agl |
894 | 843 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 1.7 ° -6.7 ° min to max 10.6 ° |
1.6 | 5.0 ° |
Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 2 nm in 68 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 85.45 % |
Heading -7.2 ° -15.5 ° min to max 7.2 ° |
7.2 | -11.9 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average altitude 952 ft agl 821 ft agl min to max 1,047 ft agl |
853 | 1,033 ft agl | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 78 kt 66 kt min to max 99 kt |
99 | 74 kt | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 0.99 g 0.61 g min to max 1.28 g |
1.13 | 0.95 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 152 fpm -1,177 fpm min to max 1,118 fpm |
324 | -308 fpm | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 3.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 10.5 ° |
0.0 | 3.0 ° | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.8 ° -6.4 ° min to max 11.3 ° |
5.5 | -0.6 ° | |
| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 18:10:29 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 18:10:30 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 3 at 18:10:38 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 18:10:39 |
Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 5 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 178.9 °.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 0 % |
Angle to runway (45 degrees) 178.9 °. |
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| 100 % |
Average speed 76 kt 74 kt min to max 79 kt |
75 | 79 kt | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 1.4 ° 0.5 ° min to max 2.9 ° |
1.5 | 2.4 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.94 g min to max 1.12 g |
1.10 | 0.94 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -32 fpm -332 fpm min to max 199 fpm |
-332 | -126 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 1,030 ft agl 1,025 ft agl min to max 1,033 ft agl |
1,027 | 1,026 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.2 ° 0.6 ° min to max 3.8 ° |
1.6 | 0.6 ° |
Approaching runway 28 at LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,022 ft agl to 986 ft agl. A decrease of 36 ft in 10 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Approach angle 3.0 ° 2.9 ° min to max 3.1 ° Target 3.2 ° |
2.9 | 3.1 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 82 kt 79 kt min to max 84 kt |
79 | 84 kt | |
| 100 % |
Heading variation -0.6 ° -0.8 ° min to max -0.3 ° |
-0.8 | -0.3 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 0.4 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° |
0.6 | 0.6 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.91 g min to max 1.19 g |
0.98 | 0.99 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -222 fpm -461 fpm min to max -21 fpm |
-207 | -43 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 999 ft agl 986 ft agl min to max 1,022 ft agl |
1,022 | 986 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.3 ° -2.3 ° min to max 1.9 ° |
-0.2 | 1.3 ° |
Approaching runway 28 at LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 985 ft agl to 832 ft agl. A decrease of 153 ft in 32 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 85.58 % |
Approach angle 3.5 ° 3.1 ° min to max 3.9 ° Target 3.2 ° |
3.1 | 3.9 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 85 kt 83 kt min to max 87 kt |
84 | 86 kt | |
| 100 % |
Heading variation 0.1 ° -0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° |
-0.2 | 0.2 ° | |
| 99.92 % |
Average bank angle 1.1 ° 0.1 ° min to max 3.0 ° |
1.1 | 0.5 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 0.99 g 0.91 g min to max 1.05 g |
1.01 | 0.98 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -266 fpm -642 fpm min to max -31 fpm |
-48 | -642 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 926 ft agl 832 ft agl min to max 985 ft agl |
985 | 832 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -0.4 ° -3.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° |
1.4 | -3.0 ° |
Approaching runway 28 at LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 985 ft agl to 444 ft agl. A decrease of 541 ft in 69 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 11.93 % |
Approach angle 3.8 ° 3.1 ° min to max 4.3 ° Target 3.2 ° |
3.1 | 4.3 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 83 kt 76 kt min to max 88 kt |
84 | 80 kt | |
| 100 % |
Heading variation -0.1 ° -0.8 ° min to max 0.3 ° |
-0.2 | -0.8 ° | |
| 97.95 % |
Average bank angle 1.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 3.8 ° |
1.1 | 3.1 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.90 g min to max 1.09 g |
1.01 | 1.04 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -459 fpm -851 fpm min to max -31 fpm |
-48 | -438 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 772 ft agl 444 ft agl min to max 985 ft agl |
985 | 444 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -1.4 ° -4.6 ° min to max 1.6 ° |
1.4 | -0.9 ° |
Approaching runway 28 at LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 439 ft agl to 67 ft agl. A decrease of 372 ft in 28 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 1.03 % |
Approach angle 4.3 ° 3.9 ° min to max 5.2 ° Target 3.2 ° |
4.4 | 4.0 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 79 kt 77 kt min to max 82 kt |
80 | 77 kt | |
| 100 % |
Heading variation -0.4 ° -0.5 ° min to max -0.3 ° |
-0.5 | -0.4 ° | |
| 89.47 % |
Average bank angle 3.0 ° 0.1 ° min to max 7.5 ° |
3.1 | 3.3 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.02 g 0.79 g min to max 1.16 g |
1.04 | 1.00 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -744 fpm -1,329 fpm min to max -244 fpm |
-355 | -629 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 178 ft agl 67 ft agl min to max 439 ft agl |
439 | 67 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -2.2 ° -6.5 ° min to max 0.5 ° |
-0.4 | -1.5 ° |
Landing on runway 28 at LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport, runway length 2,756 m. Threshold height at 63 ft agl was above target. Threshold speed was too high at 77 kt.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 76.47 % |
Threshold speed was too high at 77 kt. Target 60 kt |
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| 83.24 % |
Target 50 ft agl |
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| 76.97 % |
Landing and flare profile |
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| 100 % |
Heading variation -0.2 ° -0.4 ° min to max -0.1 ° |
-0.4 | -0.1 ° | |
| 96.86 % |
Average bank angle 2.7 ° 1.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° |
3.4 | 1.7 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.92 g min to max 1.07 g |
1.00 | 0.98 g | |
| Info |
Average speed 71 kt 63 kt min to max 77 kt |
77 | 63 kt | |
| Info |
Average VSI -415 fpm -626 fpm min to max -221 fpm |
-626 | -347 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 25 ft agl -1 ft agl min to max 63 ft agl |
63 | -1 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.9 ° -1.5 ° min to max 2.6 ° |
-1.5 | 1.5 ° |
Touchdown point was 73 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 63 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was firm at -347 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.7 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 24 °C. Wind 20 kt at 144 °. Crosswind: 13 kt Tailwind: 16 kt.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 91.49 % |
Touchdown VSI was -347 fpm. |
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| 100 % |
Touchdown distance was 450 m Target 457 m |
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| 100 % |
Speed at touchdown 63 kt Target below 58 kt |
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| 94.03 % |
Runway alignment max 4.68 m 3.66 m right |
-2.66 | -4.68 m | |
| 90.66 % |
Average bank angle 1.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 3.7 ° |
1.7 | 3.7 ° | |
| 99.43 % |
Average g force 1.12 g 0.77 g min to max 1.52 g |
0.98 | 1.05 g | |
| 80 % |
Landing Bounce |
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| Info |
Average speed 61 kt 60 kt min to max 63 kt |
63 | 60 kt | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 3.0 ° -0.1 ° min to max 6.3 ° |
1.5 | 1.3 ° |
Total landing distance 849 m, 31 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 15.4 m from centreline.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Landing distance 849 m 31 % of runway. |
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| 55.07 % |
Runway alignment max 15.37 m 0.00 m left to 15.37 m right |
-4.68 | -15.37 m | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.94 g min to max 1.07 g |
1.03 | 1.00 g | |
| Info |
Average speed 73 kt 43 kt min to max 79 kt |
79 | 43 kt | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -0.0 ° -4.3 ° min to max 2.8 ° |
1.1 | 0.8 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 4.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 9.7 ° |
4.0 | 0.5 ° |
Exiting runway, average speed 3 kt
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| Info |
Average speed 21 kt 0 kt min to max 40 kt |
40 | 0 kt | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.7 ° 0.4 ° min to max 2.2 ° |
0.7 | 2.2 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° |
0.4 | 0.0 ° | |
| Info |
Average g force 1.00 g 1.00 g min to max 1.01 g |
1.01 | 1.00 g |
The Cessna C172 aircraft successfully landed at LIMJ Genoa Cristoforo Colombo Airport, but with some areas for improvement. The final approach was initiated from the east, heading 277.0° at 3 nautical miles and 1,022 feet above ground level (agl). The aircraft touched down on runway 28, which has a length of 2,756 meters.
However, there were some discrepancies in the landing performance. The threshold height at 63 feet agl was above the target, indicating that the aircraft may have been slightly high on its approach. Additionally, the threshold speed was too high at 77 knots, which could have contributed to the high touchdown speed. The touchdown point was 73 meters beyond the touchdown zone, and the touchdown speed of 63 knots was a little fast.
The touchdown rate was firm at -347 feet per minute (fpm), which is within a normal range. However, the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.7 meters from the centreline. This could have been due to a slight deviation in the aircraft's alignment during the approach.
The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 24°C and winds of 20 knots at 144°. The crosswind component was 13 knots, while the tailwind component was 16 knots. These conditions may have contributed to the slight misalignment of the runway touchdown position.
The total landing distance was 849 meters, which is 31% of the runway length. This is a relatively short landing distance, indicating that the aircraft was able to touch down and stop within a reasonable distance. However, the runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 15.4 meters from the centreline, which could have been due to a slight deviation in the aircraft's alignment during the rollout.
Overall, while the landing was successful, there are some areas for improvement in terms of approach and touchdown performance. With some adjustments to the approach and touchdown technique, the pilot may be able to achieve a more precise and controlled landing.
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