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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Fly the aircraft onto the runway at the aim point instead of holding it off and letting it float further down the runway.
What happened: This landing touched down well beyond the target point on the runway, with nothing else in the approach or flare accounting for it.
Watch for: Aim point markings: touchdown at the target point on the runway.
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
The nose wandered in the climb
From 35 ft to the end of the climb the nose moved between 0.8° and 18.9°, and the speed between 89 kt and 139 kt.
Once clear of the runway the nose moved through a wide range, and the speed moved with it. Set the climb attitude, hold it and trim, and give the speed a few seconds to settle before correcting it with a degree or two of pitch. Chasing the airspeed with large pitch changes makes it wander more.
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 13,423 ft runway.
Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted left of the centreline, 9 ft at the widest, and lifted off 6 ft left. Airborne 8 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 1,009 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 11,540 ft of runway left; gear up at 36 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 880 fpm on average to 1,009 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
At the 1,000 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.
At the 500 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.
When the approach was stable
Not every check held at once from 3.3 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 430 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 3.3 nm, then drifted 370 ft left between 3.3 and 0.2 nm, then inside the band from 0.2 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 44 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 26 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −9 kt and +41 kt on the approach speed of 87 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Great landing flare
It lost 4.3 points, mostly for the nose going up and down 6 times.
Touchdown
Rollout
Taxi in
Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 36 ft, 14 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 25 ft; ballooned 2 ft from 5 ft. Touched down 1,998 ft in, 998 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 110 fpm before coming down at 80 fpm to touch. The nose came up 1.0° on the way down. Into the flare at 78 kt, 9 kt under the 87 kt approach speed, and 68 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 8,901 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 5 ft of it down the rollout. Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, 2.5° of bank.
Wind 250° at 11 kt · 11 kt head · 2 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
Touched down 1,998 ft past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.
From 58 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 7 s, an average deceleration of 0.20 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
The rest of the report
The aircraft taxied from the parking area to runway 26R at KLAS Harry Reid International Airport, a movement that lasted 9 minutes and covered 2 nm.
Take-off was performed on runway 26R. The take-off roll was 1,150 ft, representing 9 % of the runway length. Rotation occurred at 89 kt. Local weather at departure was temperature 84 °F, wind 5 kt from 070°, with a 2 kt crosswind and a 5 kt tailwind component.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 65 seconds, averaging 672 fpm and reaching 138 kt at the top of the segment. The climb continued from 3,203 ft asl to 22,012 ft asl in 14 minutes, covering 40 nm, beginning about 1 mile west of KLAS.
Level flight was maintained at 22,000 ft asl for 25 minutes, covering 108 nm, starting roughly 16 miles southeast of 04NV Kingston Ranch Airport Sandy Valley.
Descent began from 21,685 ft asl to 1,866 ft asl in 18 minutes, covering 68 nm, with the segment starting 5 miles east of Running Springs.
During final approach to runway 24R at KLAX Los Angeles International Airport, descent from 1,744 ft agl to 87 ft agl was completed in 154 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, speed, and wings level; the check for centreline was not met. Configuration was landing gear down at 3,103 ft agl with 160 kt, and final flap position 2 was selected at 1,316 ft agl with 129 kt.
Landing was made on runway 24R, whose length is 8,901 ft. The threshold height was good and the threshold speed was slightly below target at 78 kt. The flare was described as great. Touchdown occurred 551 ft beyond the touchdown zone at a speed of 68 kt, with a rate of -84 fpm, and alignment was perfect. No bounce was observed. Total landing distance was 2,596 ft, representing 29 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect.
After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area, a movement that took 6 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
The entire flight covered 225 nm, lasted 72 minutes, and consumed 510 lb of fuel. Local weather at KLAX was temperature 74 °F, wind 11 kt from 250°, with a 3 kt crosswind and an 11 kt headwind component.
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