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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Use rudder and aileron to hold the extended centreline, correcting drift before it reaches 1.9°.
What happened: During the initial climb the heading drifted 1.9° off the runway track.
Watch for: Heading indicator: wings level on the runway track
Arrival
Hold a little more back pressure through the last of the flare to arrest the sink before 212 fpm develops.
What happened: Touchdown sink rate was 212 fpm, a firm arrival with no other fault on this landing to account for it.
Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: minimal sink at touchdown
The rudder input is a changing profile through the roll rather than one that is held. So the demand on your right foot starts large at power application, eases as speed builds and the rudder gains authority, then jumps again at rotation.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 16 stages, 13 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 70 kt, on the 72 kt target, and lifted off at 74 kt 0.7 s later, the nose coming up at 5.7° a second.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 89 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 330 m of runway left.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 636 m runway.
Rolled from 17 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 3.6 m at the widest, and lifted off 3.8 m right, in 6 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 32 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.
Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 1.3 nm out at 132 kt
The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.
Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded
The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.
Off heading: 8° from the leg's heading on average.
Each lap slightly wider and higher than the last, because you're unconsciously using the previous lap as your reference instead of the runway and the numbers. Invisible lap to lap, unmistakable across ten. This is the failure that only measurement catches, because your memory of lap three is gone by lap eight.
Read more in Pattern WorkHigh on downwind: 1,241 ft against 1,000 ft, 241 ft above.
Downwind. Parallel to the runway, opposite the landing direction, at pattern altitude and roughly 90 kt. The single most important moment of the entire circuit is the point abeam your intended touchdown point. Power back (around 1,700 RPM in a 172 works as a starting value to calibrate), first stage of flap, pre-landing flow, and re-trim. Everything from abeam to touchdown is one continuous energy problem. Arrive at the abeam point high or fast and you'll pay for it ninety seconds later in the flare, which is why analysing only the touchdown so often misdiagnoses the fault.
Read more in Pattern WorkGood: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.
Overshot: went 182 m through the centreline turning final.
Overshooting final. A tailwind component on base sweeps you through the extended centreline, the instinctive correction is to steepen the bank and, when that's not enough, to skid the turn with rudder. In a real aircraft this is the base-to-final stall-spin scenario that kills people. The sim under-punishes it, because a spring yoke transmits no lightening of control force, there's no buffet through your hands, and no seat-of-the-pants sensation of the skid. You get the numbers of the skidded turn without the feel of it. The correct response is the same in both worlds and needs practising until it's reflexive. Don't steepen past 30 degrees, and if you've blown through the centreline, go around and reset.
Read more in Pattern WorkThe final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 520 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 1,363 m left of the centreline, then inside it from 2.9 to 2.6 nm, then drifted 182 m right between 2.6 and 0.2 nm, then inside the band from 0.2 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 4 nm to 0.3 nm (up to +87 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Excellent landing flare. It lost 2.7 points, for the nose going up and down 3 times.
7 kt across from the right, which takes about 7° of crab to hold the centreline at 59 kt. Touched down with 4° of it still on, wings level.
Wind 110° at 19 kt · 18 kt head · 7 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 43 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 8 s, an average deceleration of 0.10 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 636 m of the approach.
Began the flare at 35 ft, 203 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 47 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 217 m in, 88 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 636 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 1,010 fpm at the flare to 210 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.1° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 636 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 2.9 m of it down the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 217 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 212 fpm arrival was firm.
The rest of the report
The Kodiak 100 departed runway 10 at TFFJ Saint Barthélemy - Rémy de Haenen Airport, accelerating over a take-off run of 212 m (33 % of the runway) and lifting off at 74 kt. Ambient conditions were 28 °C with a wind from 110° at 15 kt, providing a 14 kt head-wind component and a 5 kt cross-wind component.
During the approach the aircraft entered a left-hand pattern to runway 10, covering less than 1 nm in 20 seconds for the entry and another sub-1 nm segment in 14 seconds on the crosswind leg. The downwind turn spanned 3 nm with an angle to the runway of 103.9°, followed by a 2-nm downwind leg completed in 40 seconds. The base-leg turn extended 6 nm at an angle of 48.9°, after which a 3-nm base leg was flown in 74 seconds. The final turn covered 2 nm in 65 seconds, and the aircraft established the final approach from the west on a heading of 85.0° at 2 nm and 338 ft AGL.
Landing was executed on runway 10, whose length is 636 m. The threshold speed was recorded at 69 kt, and touchdown occurred 216 m down the runway at 59 kt, with a vertical speed of minus 239 fpm. Alignment on touchdown was very good, and the total landing distance measured 346 m (54 % of the runway).
Runway rollout alignment was perfect as the aircraft decelerated and exited the runway.
In total the flight covered 16 nm and consumed 24 kg of fuel.
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