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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Know your rotation speed
See Departure Roll
A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 17 stages, 15 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 104 kt with 5.5° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 748 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft with 548 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,120 fpm on average to 748 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 1,130 m runway.
Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted right of the centreline, 4.6 m at the widest, and lifted off 4.6 m right. Airborne 26 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 1.5 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 260 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 320 m left of the centreline at 1.5 nm, then inside it from 1.2 to 0.4 nm, then 18 m left of it from 0.4 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 78 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 48 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 1.5 nm, where the final began, to 1.3 nm, then fast to 0.3 nm (up to +47 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 270° at 6 kt · 6 kt head · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 68 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 19 s, an average deceleration of 0.10 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,119 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 16 ft, 34 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 417 m in, 112 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,119 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 330 fpm at 14 ft to 80 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.0° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 1,119 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 3.5 m left of the centreline, and steered back to 0.5 m right by the end of the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
The 417 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a departure roll from runway 24R at YPJT Perth Jandakot Airport, where the Beechcraft Baron G58 took off with a takeoff distance of 365 meters, which was 32% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 104 knots. At the time of departure, the local weather conditions were a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius, with a wind speed of 6 knots at 270 degrees. This resulted in a crosswind of 3 knots and a headwind of 5 knots.
As the aircraft climbed to a higher altitude, it began its enroute climb from 867 feet above sea level to 3,013 feet above sea level, an increase of 2,146 feet in just 3 minutes, covering a distance of 7 nautical miles. The climb started overhead Cockburn Central, a town in the state of Western Australia, Australia. Following the initial climb, the aircraft entered a level cruise, lasting 16 minutes and covering 19 nautical miles, starting 1 mile south east of Champion Lakes.
The enroute descent began overhead Millendon, another town in Western Australia, where the aircraft descended from 2,582 feet above sea level to 330 feet above sea level, a decrease of 2,252 feet in 3 minutes, covering a distance of 7 nautical miles. The aircraft then started another climb from 325 feet above sea level to 2,813 feet above sea level, an increase of 2,488 feet in 5 minutes, covering a distance of 12 nautical miles, starting overhead South Guildford.
The aircraft continued its level cruise, lasting 18 minutes and covering 25 nautical miles, starting overhead Sorrento. Following this, the enroute descent began 11 miles west of Rottnest Island, where the aircraft descended from 2,931 feet above sea level to 592 feet above sea level, a decrease of 2,340 feet in 5 minutes, covering a distance of 12 nautical miles. The aircraft then entered a short level cruise, lasting 2 minutes and covering 2 nautical miles, starting 2 miles south east of Rottnest Island.
The final approach to runway 27 at YRTI Rottnest Island Airport was made from the east, heading 270 degrees at 1 nautical mile and 406 feet above ground level. The landing was successful, with a touchdown speed of 69 knots and a touchdown rate of -76 feet per minute, which was excellent. The touchdown distance was 416 meters, and the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 3.9 meters from the centreline.
The local weather conditions at the time of landing were the same as at the time of departure, with a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 6 knots at 270 degrees, resulting in a crosswind of 0 knots and a headwind of 6 knots. The total landing distance was 915 meters, which was 82% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was very good.
In total, the flight distance was 87 nautical miles, taking 54 minutes, and the aircraft used 59 kilograms of fuel.
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