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CYVR
Vancouver, Canada
Runway 26L
Elevation7 ft asl
Weight80,157 kg
Fuel13,230 kg
Wind290° · 7 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

96.51 %
CYYZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 06R
Elevation545 ft asl
Weight67,934 kg
Fuel777 kg
Wind350° · 10 kn · 8 kn cross
19 Oct 2026 4:24 1910 nm Airbus A321ceo 12,453 kg
Departure Score
100.00 %
Enroute Score
99.99 %
Arrival Score
89.55 %

What went well

Rotated at 168 kt — on the 158 kt rotation target
Airborne in 2,400 m — 69 % of the runway
Held the centreline on the roll — 0.38 m off at liftoff

What held you back

Firm touchdown — 329 fpm with 2 bounces, −1.64 points on the touchdown
  • Arrival Touchdown · bounced 2 times−0.89
  • Arrival Touchdown · sink rate 329 fpm−0.72
  • Arrival Touchdown · 1.33 G at contact−0.03
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 911 m at 50 %, bank angle up to 4.8 ° at 72 %, −1.30 points
Arrival Landing — Flare profile at 85 %, −0.55 points

Next time

Arrival

Keep the back pressure coming once the flare is established, holding the attitude instead of letting the nose drop.

What happened: Sink came back after the flare had arrested it, and that pattern usually carries the touchdown long - here it landed at 911 m against the 457 m aim point.

Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a steady, shallow rate through the flare with no renewed sink before touchdown

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

Fast at the threshold, normal flare, and the runway seems to refuse the aircraft. The instinctive fix - pushing it on - causes the next one. A fast aircraft forced onto the runway touches nosewheel-first or nearly so. The tell is a touchdown that feels soft followed by a bounce that steepens. Pilots fix the bounce recovery; the cause was the 10 knots at the threshold.

Read more in VRef Explained

Start to finish · 19 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 18 minutes and covered 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 10 kt0 kt min to max 16 kt 0 4 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.0 0.2 °

Events

Info Engine 1 Started 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 8 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 9 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 8 ft agl · 8 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 26L at CYVR Vancouver International Airport, Average speed was 10 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 4 kt3 kt min to max 4 kt 4 3 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 26L at CYVR Vancouver International Airport. Takeoff distance 2,400 m 69 % of runway. Rotation speed was 168 kt. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 7 kt at 289 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 2,400 m69 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 168 ktTarget 158 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 5.16 m right0.26 m left to 5.16 m right -0.58 -0.38 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.02 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.9 ° min to max 4.2 ° 0.1 4.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.0 0.3 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26L CYVR Vancouver International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.0 °
100 % Average speed 182 kt179 kt min to max 185 kt 179 185 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.3 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.14 g1.03 g min to max 1.18 g 1.03 1.17 g
Info Average VSI 549 fpm172 fpm min to max 1,022 fpm 172 1,022 fpm
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 45 ft agl 0 45 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.7 °4.4 ° min to max 8.6 ° 4.4 8.6 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26L CYVR Vancouver International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.2 °
100 % Average speed 186 kt185 kt min to max 186 kt 185 185 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.4 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.4 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.11 g0.98 g min to max 1.16 g 1.16 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 1,505 fpm1,056 fpm min to max 2,418 fpm 1,056 2,418 fpm
Info Average altitude 103 ft agl47 ft agl min to max 392 ft agl 47 392 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.3 °8.6 ° min to max 10.3 ° 8.6 10.3 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 164 ft agl · 186 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 164 ft agl · 186 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 26L CYVR Vancouver International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 184 kt181 kt min to max 185 ktTarget 168 kt, 16 kt fast 185 181 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.4 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.4 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 0.98 g
100 % Landing gear up at 118 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -0.3 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.5 °
Info Average VSI 2,507 fpm2,411 fpm min to max 2,630 fpm 2,428 2,599 fpm
Info Average altitude 694 ft agl433 ft agl min to max 978 ft agl 433 978 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.7 °10.3 ° min to max 11.2 ° 10.3 11.2 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile west of CYVR Vancouver International Airport Vancouver (British Columbia, Canada). Climbing from 1,034 ft asl to 34,729 ft asl, an increase of 33,696 ft in 29 minutes and covering 205 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 255 kt168 kt min to max 302 kt 181 263 kt
100 % Average bank angle 8.6 °0.0 ° min to max 33.0 ° 0.4 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.87 g min to max 1.16 g 0.98 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 1,377 fpm-31 fpm min to max 2,716 fpm 2,592 25 fpm
Info Average altitude 16,016 ft asl1,034 ft asl min to max 34,733 ft asl 1,034 34,729 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °2.8 ° min to max 12.8 ° 11.1 3.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 3,985 ft agl · 186 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 4,525 ft agl · 225 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 4,573 ft agl · 236 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9,845 ft agl · 289 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 19 miles west of Castlegar (British Columbia, Canada) and lasted 74 minutes, covering 636 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,237 ft of 34,913 ft asl34,621 ft asl min to max 35,248 ft asl 34,731 35,248 ft asl
100 % Average speed 262 kt260 kt min to max 264 kt 263 262 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °2.6 ° min to max 3.9 ° 3.5 3.9 °
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 5 miles south west of Moosomin (Saskatchewan, Canada). Climbing from 35,334 ft asl to 37,089 ft asl, an increase of 1,755 ft in 3 minutes and covering 30 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 256 kt250 kt min to max 262 kt 262 250 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 491 fpm44 fpm min to max 735 fpm 513 44 fpm
Info Average altitude 36,252 ft asl35,334 ft asl min to max 37,089 ft asl 35,334 37,089 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.1 °3.7 ° min to max 4.6 ° 3.9 3.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 9 miles north of CYVD Virden / RJ (Bob) Andrew Field Regional Aerodrome Virden (Manitoba, Canada) and lasted 102 minutes, covering 853 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,354 ft of 37,161 ft asl37,081 ft asl min to max 37,349 ft asl 37,081 37,347 ft asl
100 % Average speed 252 kt251 kt min to max 253 kt 251 252 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 14.0 ° 0.1 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °3.3 ° min to max 3.8 ° 3.8 3.4 °
Enroute Descent 99.95Enroute descent started 13 miles north west of CYOQ Hay Island Airstrip Owen Sound (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 37,352 ft asl to 4,561 ft asl, a decrease of 32,791 ft in 21 minutes and covering 117 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 222 kt151 kt min to max 294 kt 252 152 kt
100 % Average bank angle 8.5 °0.0 ° min to max 23.9 ° 0.3 0.0 °
99.5 % Average g force 1.03 g0.80 g min to max 1.80 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -1,288 fpm-4,814 fpm min to max 573 fpm 5 -149 fpm
Info Average altitude 11,959 ft asl4,561 ft asl min to max 37,352 ft asl 37,352 4,561 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-4.4 ° min to max 7.0 ° 3.3 5.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 8,565 ft agl · 289 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 8,372 ft agl · 260 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 4,208 ft agl · 209 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 4,156 ft agl · 201 kt
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north west of Milton (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±727 ft of 4,385 ft asl4,314 ft asl min to max 4,537 ft asl 4,537 4,314 ft asl
100 % Average speed 152 kt151 kt min to max 152 kt 152 152 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.5 °0.0 ° min to max 14.9 ° 0.0 12.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °5.0 ° min to max 5.7 ° 5.0 5.5 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles east of Milton (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 4,312 ft asl to 1,822 ft asl, a decrease of 2,490 ft in 3 minutes and covering 9 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 144 kt138 kt min to max 153 kt 152 139 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 12.1 ° 12.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -669 fpm-837 fpm min to max -140 fpm -140 -730 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,644 ft asl1,822 ft asl min to max 4,312 ft asl 4,312 1,822 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.3 °0.3 ° min to max 5.4 ° 5.4 1.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 4 3,264 ft agl · 162 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3,199 ft agl · 159 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2,906 ft agl · 159 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 2,092 ft agl · 156 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreFinal approach to runway 06R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport. Descent from 1,313 ft agl to 65 ft agl in 106 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates
Arrival Landing (GA) 95.68Not counted in the flight scoreLanding on runway 06R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, runway length 2,741 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 140 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 140 kt. Target 138 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
89 % The flare mostly held the target profile. Pitch reached 10.5° at touchdown, well above this aircraft's ground attitude. Touchdown was 911 m past the threshold. That is tail strike territory - stop the rotation once the sink is arrested.
91 % Runway alignment max 16.06 m right2.41 m right to 16.06 m right -3.24 -15.61 m
94 % Average bank angle 3.3 °0.0 ° min to max 4.9 ° 1.2 3.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.95 g min to max 1.15 g 1.00 1.08 g
Info Average speed 135 kt126 kt min to max 140 kt 140 126 kt
Info Average VSI -264 fpm-786 fpm min to max 77 fpm -785 -10 fpm
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl9 ft agl min to max 48 ft agl 48 10 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °2.1 ° min to max 10.5 ° 2.1 10.5 °
Go-around Go-Around runway 06R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport at 26 ft agl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 156 kt121 kt min to max 190 kt 126 139 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.4 °0.0 ° min to max 25.7 ° 3.1 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.84 g min to max 1.17 g 1.08 1.02 g
Info Average altitude 1,747 ft agl26 ft agl min to max 4,392 ft agl 26 1,276 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °-2.1 ° min to max 13.4 ° 10.5 2.3 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 307 ft agl · 155 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 307 ft agl · 155 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 451 ft agl · 160 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 761 ft agl · 170 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2,326 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 2,326 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 2,091 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2,074 ft agl · 155 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 06R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport. Descent from 1,313 ft agl to 74 ft agl in 105 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates
Arrival Landing 95.04Landing on runway 06R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport, runway length 2,741 m. Threshold height at 56 ft agl was slightly above target. Threshold speed was good at 138 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 138 kt. Target 138 kt
97 % Threshold height at 56 ft agl was slightly above target.Target 50 ft agl
85 % The flare mostly held the target profile. Pitch reached 8.2° at touchdown, well above this aircraft's ground attitude. Touchdown was 911 m past the threshold. That is tail strike territory - stop the rotation once the sink is arrested.
99 % Runway alignment max 13.04 m right7.74 m right to 13.04 m right -8.49 -13.04 m
96 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 4.3 ° 0.1 4.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.89 g min to max 1.18 g 1.04 0.98 g
Info Average speed 135 kt129 kt min to max 138 kt 138 129 kt
Info Average VSI -279 fpm-636 fpm min to max 58 fpm -636 -330 fpm
Info Average altitude 21 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 56 ft agl 56 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.0 °3.1 ° min to max 8.2 ° 3.7 8.2 °
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,05001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,050-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 73.61Touchdown point was 493 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 129 kt was good. Touchdown rate was firm at -329 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 13.1 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 10 kt at 350 °. Crosswind: 8 kt Headwind: 6 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
67 % Touchdown rate was -329 fpm.
50 % Touchdown distance was 911 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 129 ktTarget below 134 kt
81 % Runway alignment max 13.07 m right12.95 m right -13.04 -12.62 m
72 % Average bank angle 3.8 °1.5 ° min to max 4.8 ° 4.3 1.5 °
95 % Average g force 1.12 g0.98 g min to max 1.33 g 0.98 1.27 g
60 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 128 kt128 kt min to max 129 kt 129 128 kt
Info Average pitch angle 9.2 °8.2 ° min to max 10.4 ° 8.2 10.4 °

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 168 kt, 10 kt above the 158 kt target, and lifted off at 178 kt 4.2 s later, the nose coming up at 1.0° a second. Climb 3 averaged 184 kt, 16 kt over its 168 kt target.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 168210 kt14070020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 1584.4° off · 1.0°/s8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090120150 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 10 kt 0.1° 0 s
80 kt300 m 80 kt -0.1° 93 s
Rotate1,862 m · target 158 168 kt 0.3° 118 s
Liftoff2,225 m · +10 kt from rotation 178 kt 4.4° 122 s
35 ft2,528 m · 3.3 s after liftoff 184 kt 8.3° 126 s
Gear up2,802 m · 118 ft · full marks to 400 ft 186 kt 9.5° 129 s
Climb 33,536 m · 433 ft to 978 ft · target 168 184 kt avg 10.3° 136 s
End of Climb 34,724 m · 978 ft 181 kt 11.2° 150 s

Takeoff from CYVR 26L

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
2,400m69 %
Rotation speed100.00
168kttarget 158, 10 fast
Liftoff speed
178kt
Runway alignment100.00
5.16m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
118ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
184kttarget 168
Rate of climb100.00
549fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 978 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 780 m of runway left; gear up at 118 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,100 fpm on average to 978 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3184 kt avgtarget 168THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120140KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 168 kttarget 158Liftoff 178 ktGear up 118 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 3,493 m runway.

Rolled from 185 m in, drifted 4.7 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 69 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS1 kn75 %widest 4.67 m RROLL 185 M INAirborne 2,410 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 2,410 m of 3,493 m · 69 %
Behind the start of the roll, 185 mTakeoff roll, 2,225 m Left ahead, 1,083 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate720 fpm660 fpm
On glideslope3.0°2.9°
On centreline0.1° off0.2° off
On speed+1.2 kt−0.2 kt
Wings level1° bank0° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 4 nm to 0.2 nm, then not again: right of the centreline from 0.2 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to CYYZ 06R

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 70 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,2976283492011,000 ft gate7 of 71,035 ft · 139 kt500 ft gate7 of 7517 ft · 138 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 28× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 0.2 nm, then 9 m right of it from 0.2 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR34 m L034 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND4 m R9 m R8 m R7 m R3 m R9 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 35 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between −1 kt and +2 kt on the approach speed of 138 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

140160180200 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 138+1 kt−0 kt+1 kt+1 kt+0 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on CYYZ 06R

Over the threshold

Threshold height96.69
56ft
Threshold speed100.00
138kton target
Centreline offset98.78
13.04m R

Touchdown

Past threshold50.41
911m
Centreline81.08
13.07m R
Speed100.00
128kttarget 134 or less
Touchdown rate67.49
-329fpm
Impact95.43
1.33G
Bounces60.00
2
The flare85.49

The flare mostly held the target profile. Pitch reached 8.2° at touchdown, well above this aircraft's ground attitude. Touchdown was 911 m past the threshold. That is tail strike territory - stop the rotation once the sink is arrested.

The crosswind

8 kt across from the left, which takes about 4° of crab to hold the centreline at 129 kt. Touched down with 3° of it still on, 5° of bank.

Wind 350° at 10 kt · 6 kt head · 8 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 56 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 36 ft; ballooned 5 ft from 7 ft. Touched down 911 m in, 606 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

56 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT held off 373 m from the lowest point 80 ft400 Flare 36 ft · −498 fpm · 4.3° · 138 ktballooned +5 ft · from 7 ft to 12 ft−328 fpm · 8.2° nose up · 129 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 56 ft, down at 911 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 200 fpm before coming down at 330 fpm to touch. The nose came up 3.8° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−328 fpm at touchdown8.2° at touchdown, +3.8° from the flareclimbing 198 fpm
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,741 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 13 m right of the centreline.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 8 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 911 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 911 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 1.33 G arrival bounced 2 times.

Runway used 911 m of 2,741 m · 33 %
In the air over the runway, 911 mRollout, 0 m Left over, 1,830 m

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Airbus A321-ceo taxied from the parking area to runway 26L at CYVR Vancouver International Airport, a movement that lasted 18 minutes and covered 3 nm.

Take-off was performed on runway 26L with a take-off distance of 2 400 m, using 69 % of the runway. Rotation occurred at 168 kt. Local weather at departure was temperature 16 °C, wind 7 kt from 289°, giving a 1 kt cross-wind component and a 7 kt head-wind component.

The initial climb to 1 000 ft agl took 25 seconds, averaging 1 911 fpm and reaching 181 kt at the top of the segment. The climb continued from 1 034 ft asl to 34 729 ft asl in 29 minutes, covering 205 nm and beginning 1 mile west of CYVR.

Cruise was level between 34 900 ft asl and 37 200 ft asl for 180 minutes, covering 1 520 nm, starting 19 miles west of Castlegar.

Descent began from 37 352 ft asl to 1 822 ft asl in 26 minutes, covering 129 nm, starting 13 miles north-west of CYOQ Hay Island Airstrip Owen Sound, with a brief level-off at 4 400 ft asl.

The first final approach to runway 06R at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport descended from 1 313 ft agl to 65 ft agl in 106 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1 000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level. Configuration was landing gear down at 3 199 ft agl, 159 kt; final flap position 5 at 2 092 ft agl, 156 kt.

A go-around was executed on runway 06R at 26 ft agl.

A second final approach to the same runway descended from 1 313 ft agl to 74 ft agl in 105 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1 000 ft and 500 ft were again met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level. Configuration remained landing gear down at 3 199 ft agl, 159 kt; final flap position 5 at 2 092 ft agl, 156 kt.

Landing on runway 06R, runway length 2 741 m, the threshold height at 56 ft agl was slightly above target and the threshold speed was good at 138 kt. The flare was described as very good, though the nose was raised too far. Touchdown occurred 493 m beyond the touchdown zone at a speed of 129 kt, with a firm touchdown rate of minus 329 fpm. The touchdown point was misaligned by 13.1 m from the centreline. Local weather at landing was temperature 16 °C, wind 10 kt from 350°, giving an 8 kt cross-wind component and a 6 kt head-wind component. Five bounces were recorded on touchdown.

The total flight covered 1 910 nm, lasted 264 minutes and used 12 453 kg of fuel.

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