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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Know your rotation speed
See Departure Roll
A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 24 stages, 15 in the score
The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 100 kt with 5.8° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 949 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft with 2,633 ft of runway left; then climbing at 1,090 fpm on average to 949 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 5,502 ft runway.
Rolled from 241 ft in, never more than 4 ft off the centreline. Airborne 36 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 3.1 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 160 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 2,400 ft left of the centreline at 3.1 nm, then inside it from 1.1 to 0.8 nm, then 80 ft right of it from 0.8 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
6 kt across from the right, which takes about 5° of crab to hold the centreline at 74 kt. Touched down with the nose 4° left of the track, away from the wind, 3° of bank.
Wind 125° at 4 kt · 4 kt tail · 6 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 2,859 ft of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 50 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,411 ft in, 411 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 2,859 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
From 50 ft the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 290 fpm before coming down at 70 fpm to touch. The nose came up 10.0° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 2,859 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 18 ft left on the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 1,411 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.53 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
The flight in the Baron 58P began with a 5-minute taxi from the parking area to the runway at KUZA Rock Hill - York County Airport. The departure roll on runway 02 covered a distance of 1,823 ft, which was 33% of the total runway length. The liftoff speed during takeoff was 100 kn. The local weather at the time of departure was 59 °F with a wind speed of 0 kn at 225 °, resulting in a crosswind of 0 kn and a headwind of 0 kn.
The enroute climb phase started 1 mile west of Tega Cay in South Carolina, climbing from 1,640 ft above sea level to 6,311 ft, an increase of 4,671 ft over 5 minutes and covering a distance of 13 nm. The enroute level cruise phase began 2 miles southwest of 39SC Rizzy Ridge Airport in Clover, North Carolina and lasted 18 minutes, covering 61 nm.
The landing took place on runway 32 at 2NC0 Mountain Air Airport, with a runway length of 2,859 ft. The height at the threshold was 86 ft above ground level, with a speed of 98 kn. The touchdown point was 1,308 ft from the threshold, with a touchdown speed of 74 kn and a vertical speed indicator reading of -71 ft/min. The total landing distance was 2,465 ft, which was 86% of the total runway length. The local weather at the time of landing was 54 °F with a wind speed of 4 kn at 124 °, resulting in a crosswind of 1 kn and a tailwind of 4 kn.
The taxiing from the runway back to the parking area took 2 minutes, covering less than 1 nm. The total flight distance was 88 nm, with a total flight time of 949 minutes. The flight used 114 lbs of fuel.
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